History of Islam

The history concerns the

political,social,economic and cultural
developments of the Islamic civilization.
Despite concerns about the reliability of early
sources,most historians believe that Islam
originated in Mecca and Medina at the start of
the 7th century Muslims however believe that it
did not start with Muhammad, but that it was
the original faith of others whom they as
Prophets, such as Jesus, David, Moses,
Abrahan, Noah and Adam
In 610 CE, Muhammad began receiving what Muslims consider to be divine
revelations. Muhammad’s message won over a handful of followers and was
met with increasing opposition from notables of Mecca. In 618, after he lost
protection with the death of his influential uncle Abu Talib,Muhammad migrated
to the city of Yathrib Medina. With Muhammad’s death in 632, disagreement
broke out over who would succed him as a leader of the muslim community
whish was eventually resurrected leading to the First Fitna. The dispute would
intensify greatly after the Battle of Karbala, in which Muhammad’s grandson
Husswin ibn Ali was killed by the ruling Umayyad Cali[h Yazid I, and the outcry of
revenge divided the early Islamic community.
By the 18th century, the Islamic empire extended from Iberia
in the west to the Indus river in the east. Polities such as
those ruled by the Umayyads (in the Middle East and later in
Ibera), Abbasids, Fatimids, and Mamluks were among the
most influential power in the world. The Islamic civilization
gave rise to many centers of culture and science and
produced notable astronomers, mathematicians, doctor and
philosopher during the Golden Age Of Islam.
In the early 13th century, the Delhi Sultanate
took over northern parts of Indian
subcontinent.In the 13th and 14th
centuries,destructive Mongol invasions from
the East,along with the loss of population in
the Black Death,greatly weakened the
traditional centers of the Islamic
world,stretching from Persia to Egypt,but in
the Early Modern period,the Ottomans,the
Safavids,and the Mughals were able to create
new world powers again.
The 5 pillars of Islam
1. Salah-In second pillar of Islam is Salah.It refers to the obligatory
prayers that a Muslim has to offer five times a day.Salah is
compulsory upon both Muslim men and muslim women and there
is no relaxation in it will be one of the first things to be asked
about on the Judgement day.Therefore, all Muslims are
suggested to learn Namaz and regularly offer prayers to please
Allah and achieve success hereafter.
2. Shahada-The first major fundamental of Islam without which a
Muslim cannot be a Muslim is the believe in and proclamation of
Shahada.It refers to a Muslim exclaiming that Allah is the only
God and that Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is the messenger of
Allah.Although it is a statement that needs to be said once and
believed in,however,the reason why it is included in pillars is that
a Muslim has to put it in to practice in his or her conduct that
shows that he or she submits to Allah only and that Muhmmad
(PBUH) is the true Prophet to him or her.
3. Zakah-In Islam there is the concept of Almsgiving of Zakah which is
applicable on people that have a certain amount of wealth.All those
who are wealthy enough to pay Zakah,they ought to offer it to the poor
and it is obligatory upon them to offer it.Zakat is calculated upon a
certain amount of money,or personal belongings such as Gold,Silver,etc
saved for a certain period of time.There are numbers of ways you can
calculate the Zakat Calculator. The Zakat calculator entails a list of
possessions and you can use it to compute the amount on your
particular possessions.
4.Sawm-The fourth pillar of Islam that requires demonstration is
Sawm.It refers to fasting in the month of Ramadan where Muslims fast
from dawn till dusk for a whole month.
5.Hajj-It is the pilgrimageto the house of Allah in Makkah.The offering of
Hajj is also an obligation on all the Muslims who are wealthy and can
afford to offer it.Hajj is a symbol of recognizing the Supremacy of Allah
and gives a message of universal brotherhood.It is the holiest obligation
considered among Muslims and every Muslims wishes to atleast once
visit the Holy Home of Lord.To know how Muslims perform the Hajj,you
can download Complete Hajj Guide and know everything about this holy
obligation.
Fundamental Beliefs:/component
In addition to the fundamentals that have to be practiced,there are
others that comprise the belief of a Muslim.A Muslim has to believe
in these fundamentals in order to have and complete belief.The core
fundamentals in which a Muslim must believe from the bottom of the
heart are discussed below.
Believe in Allah- Firstly a Muslim has to believe in Allah as the Lord of this
universe and whatever is in it.No matter whatever a Muslim says from the
tongue,this belief should be instilled and engraved in the heart of tha Muslim.
Believes in Angel- Secondly,a Muslim has to believe angels as the creation
of Allah Almighty.These angels are servants of Allah and all they do is carry out
His orders and praise and worship Him.
Believe in Prophets- Besides Mohhamad (PBUH) a Muslim has to believe in
all the other Prophets that Allah sent for the guidance of mankind and give
them equal respect and reverence.
Laws and Regulation
All aspects of a Muslim’s life are governed by Sharia. Sharia law
comes from a combination of sources including the Qur’an (the
Muslim holy book), the health (sayings and conduct of the prophet
Muhammad) and fatwas (the rulings of Islamic scholars). Many
people, including muslim, misunderstand Sharia

Believe In Divine Books- Like other Prophets, a Muslim has to

believe in all the other books that were revealed to those Prophets for
the guidance of their nation. Therfore, in addition to Quran the other
divine books are also to be believed in by a Muslim.

Believe in Judgment Day- A muslim is to have the belief that the

Judgement day is inevitable and once it arrives, all the people will be
held accountable for their deeds which they committed in this world.
Believe in Destiny- A muslim must also believe that there are
some things that are beyond human power and comprehension
and should be regarded as element of destiny or faith

Believe in Resurrection- A muslim must believe that there is

life death and once a person dies, he or she will rise again and
the life that will be given to a person then will be the eternal life
with no end.
Conclusion
In a nutshell, in order to be a true Muslim and complete in belief, a Muslim
has mto believe in and practice the core fundamentals of Islam. The
personification of these fundamentals can be seen in the personality of
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), therefore, every Muslim must find guidance
from his Sunnah.
Founder
Muhammad, in full Abu al-Qasim Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Abd al-
Muttalib ibn Hashim, (born c 570, Mecca, Arabia [now in Saudi Arabia]-
died June 8,632,Medina), the founder of islam and the proclaimer of the
Qur-an.
Islamic culture
Islamic culture- is a term primarily used in secular
academia to describe the cultural pratices common to
historically Islamic people –i.e., the culture of the
Islamicate. The early forms of Muslim culture were
Predominantly Arab. With the rapid expansion of the
Islamic empires, Muslim culture has influenced and
assimilated much from the Persian, Causian,
Bangladeshi, Turkic, Mongol, Indian, Malay, Somali,
Berber, Egyptian, Indonesia, and Moro culture.
Sharia Law

Islam’s Sharia law is cast from the

words Muhammad, called
“hadith” his action, called
“sunnah” and the Quran, which he
dictated.
• Thieft is punishable by amputation of the hands (Quran 5:38).
• Criticizing or denying any part of the Quran is punishable by death.
• Criticizing Muhammad or denying that he is prophet is punishable by death.
• A Muslim who becomes a non-muslim is punishable by death (See
Compulsion).
• A non-muslim who leads a Muslim away from Islam is punishable by death.
• A non-muslim man who marries a Muslim woman is punishable by death.
• A woman or girl who has been rape cannot testify it court against her
rapit(s).
• Restimonies of 4 male witnesses are required to prove rape of a female
(Quran 24:13).
• A woman or girl who alleges rape without producting 4 witnesses is guilty of
adultery.
• A woman or girl found guilty of adultery is punishable by death (see
“Islamophobia”).
• A male convicted of rape can have his conviction dismissed by marrying his
victim.
• Muslim men have sexual rights to any woman/girl not wearing the Hiijab
(see Taharrush).
• Girl’s clitoris should be cut (muhammad’s words,books 41, Kitab Al-Adab,
Gadith 5251).
• A man can beat his wife for insubordination (see Quran 4:34 and Religion of
Peace).
• A man can unilaterally divorce his wife; a wife needs her husmand’s consent
to divorce.
• A divorced wife loses custody of all children over 6 years of age or when
they exceedit.
• A female heir inherits of what a male heir inherits (see Mathematics in
Quran).
• A woman cannot speak alone to a man who is not her husband or relative.
• Meat to eat must come from animals that have been sacrificed to allah –
i.e., be “Halal”.
• Muslims should engage in Taqiyya and lie to non-muslim to advance.
There are many rules. I will just list some briefly
• Believe in one God
• Believe in the 10 commandments
• Believe in the Prophets
• Believe in the(original) Holy Books…Torah,Gospel & Qur’an
• Believe in Angels
• Believe in Day of Judgement
• Pray 5 times daily
• Fast during Ramadan
• Give to charity
• Perform Hajj to Mecca if you can afford to
• Eating only Halal or Kosher meat
• Edressing modest
• Treating others with respect
• Not harming God’s creation; humans & animals
• No worshipping idols,prophets, or “saints”
• No killing unless it’s self defense
• No drinking
• No consuming pork
• No backbiting
• No fornication
• No cursing
• No racism
• No gossiping
Pillars of Shia Islam/practices
Twelvers
Twelver Shia Islam has 5 Usul al-Din and ten Furu al-Din, i.e., the
Shia Islamic belief and practices. The Twelver Shia Islam Usul-al-
Din, equivalent to a Shia Five Pilaars, are all beliefs Considered
foundational to islam, and thus classified a bit diffently from those
listed above.
They are:
1. Tawhid (monotheism: belief in the oneness of Allah)
2. Adl (divine justice: belif in Allah’s justice)
3. Nubuwwah (prophethood)
4. Immah (succession to Muhammand)
5. Mi’ad ( the day of judgment and the resurrection)