Philosophy

AND
SPIRITUALITY
 SALVATION OF MANKIND
•As the departed spirits will be
raised from the dead during the
end times and shall receive the
judgment of God.
The Ancient Greek philosophers have
proposed varied ideas on the nature of the
spirit.Plato believed that the human spirit or
soul is composed of three parts.
• logos(the mind or reason)
• thymos(emotion)
•eros(desire)
 MIND-BODY PROBLEM

•Considers the question of how

the mental or nonphysical are
able to interact with the
physical body.
 PHYSICALISM

•Which believe that physical

processes determine the
state of the mind.
 IDEALISM
•Holds that mental
processes and thoughts are
the only reality.
 MONISM

•Are neither physical

nor mental.
 DUALISM
•Believes in the distinctiveness
of the physical and mental
nature of man.
The Islamic
philosopher
AVICENNA
• Rene Descartes Who proposed that the mind and
body exist as two separate entities which interact
with one another.
• St.Thomas Aquinas Believed that the soul is the
"first actuality" of the body;for there to be a
body,there should first be a soul.
• St.Augustine Considered the soul the driving
force which governs the body and defines the
human person.
 VIEWS

TRICHOTOMIC DICHOTOMIC PSYCHOSOMATIC

VIEWS VIEWS UNITY
 TRICHOTOMIC VIEW
 CHARACTERISTICS

OMNISCIENCE OMNIPRESENCE
OMNIPOTENCE

DIVINE
BENEVOLENCE ETRERNAL
SIMPLICITY
 Natural theology
- Or evidence of the existence and
attributes or the deity, collected
from the appearance of nature.
 ARGUMENTS

ONTOLOGICAL TELEOGICAL
ARGUMENT ARGUMENT

COSMOLOGICA MORAL
L ARGUMENT ARGUMENT
 COSMOLOGICAL
ARGUMENT

Takes into account the nature of existence

and the universe and recognizes the
existence of God as an explanation of how
things came to being in our reality.
 HOW CAN WE APPLY
SPIRITUAL
CONCEPTS IN OUR LIVES?
•Human life is essentially a
relationship with the spiritual
and the divine.
• Religion plays an important
part in defining human life and
actions of people.
•The concept of transcendence
is not mainly confined to God
but can also be applied to the
human experience.
 IMMANUEL KANT

Proposed that human

transcendence is based on
rationality.
 "Love" and "Justice"
 JEAN-PAUL SARTRE
Existentialist philosopher
 Proposed his own views regarding Human
Transcendence
 For him, Transcendence lies in the ability of
persons or relate to people, things, and
experience in a meaningful manner.