Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of

water to make it more acceptable for a specific end-use.

The end-use may be drinking, industrial water supply,
irrigation or many other uses including being safety
returned to the environment.
 Water treatment removes contaminants and undesirable
components or reduces their concentration so that the water
becomes fit for its desired end-use.
FLOW CHART DIAGRAM OF WTP

Dmf-1 F
R

Filtered water 68 m^3

Dmf-2 F
Dual media filter Fluoride
2 FWP
removal filter

Raw water
tank

18 bore FILTERED WATER TANK

well pumps (T/W Tank)
 Mf-1 Uv-1
Cap
Mf-2 Uv-2 20kl To D/W 31 m^3/hr
Hyd-1
D/W tank
RO-1 D 25KL
G
RO-2 T 25KL To R/O 8m^3/hr
Remove extra gasses
From RO storage tank RO water tank Hyd-2
31 m^3/hr

13 m^3/hr

Softener-1 S/W
66m^3/hr tank
To S/W
Softener-1
Hyd-3 52m^3/hr

UVP ROP SWP

Filtered water tank

(T/W tank) To T/W
 Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)

Effluent Treatment Plant is one type of waste water treatment

method which is particularly designed to purify industrial waste
water for its reuse and its aim is to release safe water to
environment from the harmful effect caused by the effluent.

Effluents comes from-:

 Paint shop(PT)
 Ferrous(FE)
 Forging
 Spin casting(SPC)
 Bar screen
Flow chart diagram of ETP
Oil skimmer
Aeration tank

Coolant collection tank

Clarifier

Equalization tank
Clean water tank

Electro coagulation

M.G.F.
Reaction tank-01 (multi grade filter)
(Lime)

Reaction tank-02
(Alum) ACF
(Activated carbon filter)

Flocculation tank

Treated water tank

Primary tube settler

Hydro pneumatic pump

DAF feed tank

DAF tank
(stored clean water)
Gardening & flushing
 Fuel Yard
A diesel generator fuel system must supply the diesel engine with a
continuous and clean supply of fuel.
Bulk fuel is usually stored in a large tank, and the fuel transferred to a
smaller day tank near the engine by means of an electric motor-driven
pump.
Flow chart diagram of fuel yard

Tanker
(diesel)

Untreated Storage tanks Treated

(50kl) (50kl)

Transfer
DOCU 1 2 feed
pumps
Type of Filter

DG house
 DG House

A “Diesel Generator “is the combination of a diesel engine with

an electric generator (often an alternator) to generate electrical
energy.

Fig- Three phase diesel generator

Flow chart diagram of DG house
 COMPRESSOR HOUSE
A compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure
of a gas by reducing its volume.
An air compressor is a device that converts power (using an
electric motor, diesel or gasoline engine, etc) into potential
energy stored in pressurized air (i.e. compressed air).
Flow chart diagram of compressor house-:
 Centrifugal compressor

A centrifugal compressor is a type of dynamic compressor or a

turbo compressor, with a radial design.

Fig – Centrifugal compressor

How does it work?

Air is drawn into the centre of a rotating impeller with radial

blades and is pushed towards the centre by centrifugal force.
This radial movement of air results in a pressure rise and the
generation of kinetic energy. Before the air is led into the centre
of the impeller, the kinetic energy is also converted into
pressure by passing through a diffuser or volute.

Depending on the pressure required for the application, a

number of stages can be arranged in a series to achieve a higher
pressure.
 Rotary screw compressor
A rotary screw compressor is type of gas compressor,
such as an air compressor that uses a rotary type positive
displacement mechanism.
 They are commonly used to replace piston compressors
where large volume of high pressure air is needed.

Rotary screw compressors use two meshing helical screws,

known as rotors, to compress the gas.

Gas enters at the suction side and moves through the threads
as the screw rotate. The meshing rotors force the gas through
the compressor and the gas exits at the end of the screw.
 Waste water treatment plant & Zero liquid discharge
plant(WWTP+ZLD)
1. Waste water treatment plant is essential part of any manufacturing
industry. This (WWTP+ZLD) unit is responsible for taking in the
waste water (e.g. from paint shop, canteens, sewage etc).
2. The water is collected in equalization tanks and is treated with
essential chemicals to neutralize it and maintain its ph at required
levels.
3. Then it is passed through MBR(Membrane Bioreactor) and RO
systems for water purification and this purified water is collected in a
permeate tank
4. And the reject from MBR and RO systems is sent to MEE(Multi
Effect Evaporation) which boils the remaining reject water
5 The steam produced is condensed and collected in the permeate tank
and the residue impurities left behind is converted to salt so that there
is a zero liquid discharge
6. And the purified water collected in the permeate tank is reused
again. Hence there is zero water pollution.
 Flow chart diagram of WWTP
C.F. STP
E.D. (Sewage
(Electric Discharge) (Coat Formation)
Treatment Plant)

Equalization tank Equalization tank

Equalization tank
Dosing of
Dosing of
NaOH,Alum ,Soda
Lime ,Alum ,Soda Ash Aeration
Ash
(3 stages)
Flocculation tank Flocculation tank
(Poly particles) (Poly particles)
Clarifier
DAF
Tube Settler
(Dissolved Air Floatation)
Filters
Break tank

Aeration tank (2)

Filters MBR
(2 ACF (Membrane Bio
Clarifier (2) 2 sand filter) Reactor)
 MEMBRANE BIO REACTOR (MBR)-:

After the pre-treatment of CF, ED and SEWAGE input the clean water is sent to the
aeration tank of membrane bio reactor (MBR), where nutrient dosing is done and air is
supplied for the survival of bacteria's so that they can eat up the impurities in the water,
hence the heavy and dead bacteria's settle down at the bottom of the tank. Continuous
recirculation of water in the aeration tank is performed and the clean water is sent to the
MBR module.
Now it is made to pass through the filters in the MBR module. The pores of the
membrane have a diameter of around 0.004 micro meters. So it successfully removes
almost all the impurities from the water. This purified water is used for flushing or
gardening purpose
RO SYSTEM (RO-1,2,3&4) AND SILICA REMOVAL-:
1. In RO systems the purification is done by reverse osmosis process.
The ZLD unit has four RO units and one silica removal unit.
2. The purified water is sent to the permeate tank and the reject water is
sent to the silica removal unit.
3. The silica removal unit consists of 3 flash mixing tanks where lime,
soda ash and coagulant dosing is done respectively and is then sent to
the flocculation tank. The water from flocculation tank passing through
tube settler tank, is collected in the tank and is pumped through a dual-
media filter, activated carbon filter and a disc filter.
4. Further the water is made to pass through 10 ultra filters and is
collected in RO-2 feed tank.
5. The reject of RO-2 acts as feed for the RO-3 and the reject of RO-3
acts as a feed for RO-4 and similarly reject of RO-4 goes to MEE unit.
RO – 2, 3 & 4 Purification system
 Multi Effect Evaporator (MEE)-:
1. A multiple-effect is an apparatus for efficiently using the heat from steam to evaporate water.

2. In a multiple-effect evaporator, water is boiled in a sequence of vessels, each held at a lower

pressure than the last. Because the boiling temperature of water decreases as pressure decreases, the
vapor boiled off in one vessel can be used to heat the next, and only the first vessel (at the highest
pressure) requires an external source of heat.
3. The steam produced in the process is condensed and collected in the permeate tank and the
residual reject water is heated continuously until all of the water turns into steam and we get
dissolved salts as a residual.