ARSC 313

STRENGTH OF MATERIALS

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 COURSE OBJECTIVE
1. The course aims to establish information on deformable bodies
subjected to failure, where the modulus of elasticity varies with
respect to its molecular structure and properties of such material
and the maximum allowable force a material can withstand without
failure.
2. It aims to investigate forces that can be applied to structural
elements dependent of its support and various loading conditions.
3. The course entails to enhance the students analytical skills in
dealing with problems that involve materials of construction.
syllabus
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 INTRODUCTION
To Strength of Materials
The course deals with concept and principles of stress and
strain relationship and the behavior of these materials
when subjected to various loadings, the allowable working
stresses which includes axial stress and strain, stresses in
tension and compression, bending moment, combined
stresses, beam deflections, indeterminate structural
members, and elastic instability of construction materials.
syllabus
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 INTRODUCTION
To Strength of Materials
The course deals with concept and principles of stress and
strain relationship and the behavior of these materials
when subjected to various loadings, the allowable working
stresses which includes axial stress and strain, stresses in
tension and compression, bending moment, combined
stresses, beam deflections, indeterminate structural
members, and elastic instability of construction materials.
syllabus
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 TOPIC OBJECTIVE
1. To analyze the behaviour of materials under given
loading conditions using Hooke’s Law
2. To develop analytical skills in solving problems
involving forces acting on a structure.

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 Sir Robert Hooke (July 18, 1635 – March 3, 1703)

Born in England

English Natural
Philosopher,
Architect, and
Polymath.

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 Robert Hooke discovered Hooke's law while working in
designs of a portable clock. ... In the year 1660 Hooke made
experiments with springs for his designs of portable clocks and
observed that springs could be deformed when applying a
force, but after stopping the force the spring recovers its
natural shape
Robert Hooke discovered that the amount a spring stretches is
proportional to the amount of force applied to it.

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 That stress is proportional to strain, within the elastic property of
deformable bodies.
Characteristic curve
𝜎 = stress

Positive quadrant of
Cartesian Plane

δ = strain

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The elastic limit can be seen on the graph.
This is where it stops obeying Hookes law.
 He discovered a law for elastic materials.
The Hooke’s law, named after Sir Robert Hooke
He formulated that,... The force applied is proportional to the
product of the spring’s rigidity and the deformation.

F=KX
Where;
F is the force applied
K is the spring’s rigidity or constant
X is the deformation
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 Hooke’s law: The compression or elongation x of an ideal
spring from its equilibrium position (x = 0) is directly proportional
to the applied force F
F
X=0
F = weight X
X=0
X
F = weight
Compression Elongation F
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 This is because it also describes the force that the spring
itself exerts on an object that is attached to it.

F
X=0
F = weight X
X=0
X
F = weight
Compression Elongation F
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 Sample problem 1:
A weight of 15,291Kg.is attached to a spring that has a spring
constant of 10 KN/mm. How much will the spring deflect?
F = 150 Kn
15,291Kg.
X

K = 10Kn / mm
X = 15 mm

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 Sample problem 2:
Determine the rigidity of a spring that will stretch a distance of
25 mm loaded with 10 Kn.

K=?

X = 25 mm

F = 10 Kn K = 400n/mm
F
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 Sample problem 3:
Find the force that will stretch the spring a distance of 5 mm if
the spring constant is 10Kn /cm

K = 10 Kn / cm

X = 5 mm

F F = 5 Kn

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 Top right
Assignment: (notebook) Draw the FBD 1

Show your solution 2

3
4

1. Find the rigidity of a spring loaded with 1,000 Kg. of force that
will deflect a distance of 10 mm.
2. Find the deformation of the spring with a spring constant of
250 N/mm loaded with 2kn.
3. Find the force that will stretch a spring a distance of 4 cm if
the spring constant is 150 N/mm
4. A mass m will stretch a spring a distance X. How much
distance will 3m stretch it?
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 Assignment: solution

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 1. Find the rigidity of a spring loaded with 1,000 Kg. of force that
will deflect a distance of 10 mm.
Solution
Formula F = KX
Given Unknown
F
F = 9,810 N K K= 981 N
X K=
mm
X = 10 mm
9,810 N
K=
10 mm
F = (1000 Kg.)(9.81)

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 2. Find the deformation of the spring with a spring constant of
250 N/mm loaded with 2kn.
Solution
F
Formula F = KX x=
K
2000 N
Given Unknown x=
K
K=
250 N X
mm 2000 N
x= X = 8 mm
F = 2 KN 250 N
mm

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 3. Find the force that will stretch a spring a distance of 4 cm if
the spring constant is 150 N/mm
Solution
Formula F = KX
150 N
Given Unknown F= ( )(4 cm)
mm
X = 4 cm F 150 N 10 mm
F= ( )(4 cm)( )
mm cm
150N
K=
mm F = 6000 N F = 6 KN

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 4. A mass m will stretch a spring a distance X. How much
distance will 3m stretch it?
For the given statement, it is a ratio and proportionality that is
being addressed. That m = x ; therefore 3m = 3x

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 For Hook’s Law, the figures has to be integrated, as we
Top rightwill be
dealing with apples to apples, oranges to oranges.
1 K 981 N/mm
F
Solution Formula F = KX x = K 2 X 8 mm
3F 3FX
Given Unknown Substitute 3x = FK x =6 KN
F
X X=? 4 X 3F 3X
x= F
F F=m x = 3X
X
K F
K=
X

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