Mumps

The name comes from the British word

"to mump", that is grimace or grin.
The appearance of the patient as a result
of parotid gland swelling seems to be in
grin
 Mumps Epidemiology
 Reservoir Human
Asymptomatic infections may transmit
 Transmission Respiratory drop nuclei

 Temporal pattern Peak in late winter and spring

 Communicability Three days before to four days after onset of

active disease
• Age & sex 5-15 yrs and girls
common
• Immunity - life long
• Environmental factor – winter and
spring season favors
• Mode of transmission – droplet
• I.P - 2 to 3 weeks
 Transmission

 By inhalation of respiratory droplets, during sneezing and

coughing.
 The virus sheds in saliva.
 Also, the virus can be transmitted by direct contact with
saliva.
 Agent

 Myxovirus parotidis –RNA virus

 Source of infection – Respiratory,
milk
 Period of communicability – 4-6 days
of onset of symptoms
 Secondary attack rate – 86%
 PARAMYXOVIRUSES
pleomorphic HN/H/G glycoprotein
SPIKES
F glycoprotein
SPIKES

helical nucleocapsid (RNA plus

NP protein)

lipid bilayer membrane

polymerase
complex

M protein
6
 PARAMYXOVIRUS FAMILY SURFACE GLYCOPROTEINS

GENUS GLYCOPROTEINS TYPICAL MEMBERS

PARAMYXOVIRUS SUBFAMILY
Paramyxovirus HN, F HPIV1, HPIV3
Rubulavirus HN, F HPIV2, HPIV4, mumps virus
Morbillivirus H, F measles virus
PNEUMOVIRUS SUBFAMILY
Pneumovirus G, F respiratory syncytial virus
Metapneumovirus G, F metapneumoviruses

7
 Mumps Pathogenesis
 Respiratory transmission of virus
 Replication in nasopharynx and regional
lymph nodes
 Viremia 12-25 days after exposure with
spread to tissues
 Multiple tissues infected during viremia
 9

Mims et al., Medical Microbiology 1993

Courtesy : Adapted from Mims et al.
Medical Microbiology, 1993, Mosby
 Mumps Clinical Features

 Incubation period 14-18 days

 Nonspecific prodrome of myalgia, malaise,
headache, low-grade fever
 Parotitis in 30%-40%
 Up to 20% of infections asymptomatic
 DIAGNOSIS
 30% INFECTIONS SUB-CLINICAL

 SEROLOGY OR ISOLATION
IgM antibody to mumps virus.

 RT-PCR

12
Salivary glands .
 Mumps Complications
CNS involvement 15% of clinical cases

Orchitis 20%-50% in post-

pubertal males

Pancreatitis 2%-5%

Deafness 1/20,000

Death Average 1 per year

(1980 – 1999)
16
 Child care

 The child must rest in bed until the fever goes away.
 Isolate the child, to prevent spreading the disease to
other.
 Use analgesics and anti-pyretic to ease symptoms.
 Avoid food that require chewing.
 Avoid sour foods that stimulate saliva production.
 Drink plenty of water.
 Use cold compress to ease the pain of swelling
glands.
 Prognosis

 Bila tak ada komplikasi biasanya sembuh

sendiri
 Prevention

 A live attenuated vaccine is available

(MMR).
 It contains mumps, measles and rubella
attenuated virus strains.
 Administered in one dose, intramuscularly
or subcutaneously.
 Contradindicated in
 immune-suppressed
 pregnant women
 Mumps Vaccine
 Composition Live virus (Jeryl Lynn strain)

 Efficacy 95% (Range, 90%-97%)

 Duration of
Immunity Lifelong

 Schedule >1 Dose

 Should be administered with measles and rubella

(MMR) or with measles, rubella and varicella (MMRV)