EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

ELECTIVE 2

COURSE OUTLINE
Engr. CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO
 COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course deals with the fundamentals and basic concepts of
seismic design as well as the minimum standards for the analysis,
design, and construction of earthquake resistive structures. The
course covers the introduction to seismology and seismic analysis of
buildings and structures, effects of earthquake on bearing capacity,
procedure for the design of earthquake resistant structures,
calculation of seismic forces, and dynamic analysis of structures. It
also deals with the determination of loads of structures due to
motions, methods of analysis for lateral forces, approximate
dynamic analysis, time history analysis, concepts of mass, damping,
stiffness of structures, design for inelastic behavior and retrofitting of
existing building. Critical building configurations and appropriate
methods of analysis are also given emphasis. Applications and
specifications as applied to vertical and horizontal structures are
.
also given importance. A thorough knowledge and proficiency in
Structural Theory is imperative.
CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT
 UNITS, CONTACT HOURS, PREREQUISITE/S

• Number of Units
o 3 Units – Lecture

• Number of Contact Hours

o 3 Hours a week

• Prerequisite/s:
o Calculus 2

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 COURSE OBJECTIVES
• At the end of the semester, the student must be able
to:
o Identify earthquake engineering,
o Understand the general theory of vibration of
single and multi degree-of-freedom systems and
its applications to civil engineering structures,
o Differentiate and design structural elements to
resist seismic ground motions,
o Identify advanced seismic design methods,
o Acquire a thorough knowledge of the Code and
Specifications used in earthquake design,
o Design civil engineering structures subject to
earthquake and other lateral forces such as wind,
o Develop design skills and proficiency.
CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT
 COURSE OUTLINE
I. EARTHQUAKE CHARACTERISTICS
o Introduction
o Classification of Earthquake
o Causes of Earthquake
o Earthquake Phenomena
o Intensity
o Magnitude
o Seismic Energy
o Probability of Occurrence
o Frequency of Occurrence

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 COURSE OUTLINE
II. EFFECTS OF EARTHQUAKE
o Introduction
o Fundamental Components of Earthquake Loss
Assessment
o Direct and Indirect Effects of Earthquake
o Damage to Buildings and Lifelines
o Effects of Earthquakes in the Ground
o Failure Modes of Ground
o Human and Financial Losses
o Effects of Earthquakes on the Structure
o Major Earthquake Zones in the Philippines

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 COURSE OUTLINE
III. SEISMIC CODE
o Introduction
o Seismic Zone Factor
o Occupancy Categories
o Seismic Importance Factors
o Soil Profile Types
o Seismic Source Classifications
o Near Source Factors
o Seismic Response Coefficients
o Response Modification Factors
o Structural Systems
o Reliability / Redundancy Factor
CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT
 COURSE OUTLINE
III. SEISMIC CODE
o Regular / Irregular Structures
o Effects of Earthquake on Building Architecture
o Building Period
o Earthquake Loads
o Total Seismic Dead Load

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 COURSE OUTLINE
IV. RESPONSE EVALUATION
o Introduction
o Lateral Force Procedure
o Vertical Distribution of Base Shear to Stories
o Horizontal Torsional Moment
o Story Drift
o Building Separations
o Overturning Moment
o PΔ Effects
o Seismic Force on Elements and Components
o Nonbuilding Structures

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 COURSE OUTLINE
V. GENERAL STRUCTURAL DESIGN
o Introduction
o Portal Method
o Cantilever Method
o Factor Method
o Pre-earthquake Evaluation of Existing Buildings

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 REFERENCES
• National Structural Code of the Philippines 2015,
Volume 1, 7th Edition, Association of Structural
Engineers of the Philippines, Inc, 2015
• Fundamentals of Earthquake Engineering, 1st Edition,
Alnashai, A. S., Sarno, L. D., 2008
• Earthquake Engineering Theory and Implementation,
2nd Edition, Armouti, N. S.
• Earthquake Portfolio, PHIVOLCS, 2004
• Earthquake Design Manual, Volume 1, Association of
Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc, 2003
• Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for Potential
Seismic Hazards, 2nd Edition, Applied Technology
Council, 2002
CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT
 REFERENCES
• Seismic Design of Building Structures, 8th Edition,
Lindeburg, M. R., Baradar, M., 2001
• Dynamic Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design,
Rotterdam, Balkens, 2001
• Structural Dynamics for Structural Engineers, Hart G.,
Wong, K. F., 2000
• Seismic Design Manual, Volume 1, Structural
Engineers Association of California, 1999
• Air Special Report, 1999, www.air-boston.com

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 COURSE POLICIES AND GUIDELINES
• The lectures in this course are to be considered only
as a study guide and a summary of the main ideas
to be learned. The students are expected to supply
the details and secondary topics by independent
self – study.
• All long exams and quizzes shall be closed books and
notes. Quizzes are normally unannounced. Quiz will
be given either at the start or near the end of the
class.
• The primary purpose of quizzes and problem set is to
allow the student to check his/her understanding of
the subject matter.

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 COURSE POLICIES AND GUIDELINES
• Problem set shall be collected at the start of the
class on its due date. Late submission of problem set
will be subject to 20% deduction per day.
• No make – up examination will be given for any long
examination or quiz missed. If the absence is due to
a valid medical condition, a special long
examination will be scheduled.
• ID should always be worn while inside the school
premises.

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 COURSE POLICIES AND GUIDELINES
• Absenteeism:
o Student who incurred a total of ten (10) absences
within the semester is considered to be unofficially
dropped from the roster of the class unless
otherwise a medical certificate is submitted to the
instructor/professor.
o Student who incurred three (3) consecutive
absences is likewise considered to be unofficially
dropped from the roster of the class unless
otherwise a medical certificate is submitted to the
instructor/professor.
o Coming in late for three times is an equivalent to
one day absent

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 COURSE POLICIES AND GUIDELINES
• Cheating in any form is not tolerated and punishable
by a grade of 5.00 or “Failed” grade.
• No borrowing of calculator during the period of quiz
and term examination
• Clearance/Permit to take term examination is
required
• Students are expected to display proper values and
behavior

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 GRADING SYSTEM
• Term Period Lowest Grade Passing Grade Highest Grade
• Prelim 60.00% 75.00% 99.00%
• Midterm 60.00% 75.00% 99.00%
• Final 60.00% 75.00% 99.00%

• 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑇𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑒 = 0.60 ∗ 𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑇𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑒 + 0.40 ∗

𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑜𝑢𝑠 𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑒

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 GRADING SYSTEM

• Boardwork/Seatwork/Recitation 20%
• Quiz/zes 25%
• Problem Set/Assignments 10%
• Term Exam 45%
• Total 100%

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT

 GRADING SYSTEM

• 98 - 100 = 1.00 77 – 79 = 2.75

• 95 – 97 = 1.25 75 – 76 = 3.00
• 92 – 94 = 1.50 73.5 – 74.4 = Conditional
• 89 – 91 = 1.75 Below 73.5 = 5.00
• 86 – 88 = 2.00 Drp = Dropped
• 83 – 85 = 2.25 Inc = Incomplete
• 80 – 82 = 2.50

CHRISTOPHER S. PALADIO, CE ASCOT