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Embedded System Design

Mr. Ramesh C R
Asst. Professor, DoECE, VAST
 Definition of Embedded
Systems
An embedded system is a computer system
designed to do one or a few dedicated
and/or specific functions, often with real-
time computing constraints.

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Embedded Systems -
Applications

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

 Embedded Systems -
Domains

Automobile

Aircraft

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

 Embedded Systems -
Domains

Defense Systems Industrial Automation

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

 Embedded Systems -
Domains

Analytical Instruments Medical Instruments

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Embedded Systems -
Domains

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

 Embedded Systems -
Domains

Manufacturing Automation Home Automation

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Model of Embedded Systems

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

 Embedded Systems -
Desirable features
☆ Small set of functions

☆ Designed for low-power dissipation

☆ Has limited memory and limited number of

peripherals.

☆ Applications are not alterable by the user.

☆ Many of them are not accessible directly

☆ Need to be highly reliable.

☆ Need to operate with time constraints

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Figure of Merit - Embedded
System
☆ Low-power dissipation - Battery powered devices
☆ Small physical size - Handheld devices/Allotted in
small spaces within a larger system
☆ Small code size - Needs to be fitted into the
flash(ROM) of the MCU
☆ High speed of response - High clock frequency
operation
☆ Real time response - Operations are stipulated to
be completed within a given deadline.
Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST
Embedded Systems - Building
Blocks
Mechani
cal HW

Soft Electron
war ic HW
e
Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST
Embedded Systems - Building
Blocks (contd..)
Task 1Embedded
Task 2 Application
............ SWTask N

Standard Libraries/ APIs Protocol Stacks SW

Embedded Soft-Ware
Tools
Embedded OS

BSP Device drivers

Logic-Ware HW
Embedded
Memory Hard-Ware
Processor Peripherals
Progr. Dev. Tools

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

 Embedded Systems -
Challenges

P 3
Price, Performance & Power

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Embedded Systems -
Industry
System Sustena
OEM Produc Integrat nce
Vendors t ors Services
Manifac Vendor
s System
t. Verificati
Design
Services on
Device(I
Services
Foundry C)
Vendors Design
IP Services
IP Design
Vendor
s

R&D

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Embedded Systems -
Processor Core

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Embedded Systems - Market

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Microcontrollers of Today's
market

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Microcontrollers in Today's
market

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

 Embedded System
Development Language

☆ Assembly Language (Specific to

microcontroller)
☆ C or Embedded C
☆ Ada
☆ Embedded C++

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Embedded System Development
Tools
(Small & Medium)

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Embedded System Development
Tools
(Higher Level 32/64 bit)

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Embedded System Development
Tools
(RTOS)

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

Embedded Systems - Current
Trends
☆ Artificial Intelligence (AI)
☆ Wearable Electronics
☆ Retail
☆ Healthcare
☆ Internet of Things (IoT)
☆ Embedded Security
☆ Real -Time Visualization
☆ Cloud Connectivity & Bluetooth Mesh
Networking
☆ Deep Learning
☆ Lower Power Consumption & Optimization

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

 Where to begin??

☆ Microcontroller 8051

☆ Programming Language C & Assembly

☆ Basic knowledge of electronics recommended

Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST

 Summary
☆ An embedded systemis nothing but a computer system
designed to do one or a few dedicated and/or specific
functions, often with real-time computing constraints.
☆ The various domains of embedded system applications
were explored.
☆ The challenges and figure of merit parameters related to
an embedded system was discussed.
☆ Job profiles, dominating processors, upcoming processors
to the market was explored.
☆ The market share of current microcontrollers to various
domains, development packages currently used and
preferred were reviewed.
☆ Current trends in embedded system industry
Mr. Ramesh C R, AP, DoECE, VAST