SANTHA ENGINEERING PRODUCTS

 R. GOKUL NATH (14P609)

 E. SATHYAN (14P644)
 D. YOGESHKUMAR (15P914)
•Work measurement is the application of
techniques designed to establish the time for a
qualified worker to carry out a task at a defined
rate of working or at a defined level of a
performance.

•It measures the time taken in performance of

an operation or a series of operations.

•It can separate ineffective time from effective

time.
Concept of work measurement
 Determination of amount of time required to perform a
unit of work.
 The time required is known as standard or allowed time.
 Positive- Sets standard time for the measurement of work.
 Negative- Locates existence of ineffective time.
 Aims at reducing, investigating and subsequently
eliminating ineffective time.
SUBJECTIVE JUDGEMENT
 Method based on experience and guesswork
 Difficult to apply in large scale organisations
 Not justified based on scientific grounds
RECORD OF PAST PERFORMANCE
 Standards are based on past performance
 Not suitable to improve performance
• It is the most versatile and the most widely used
technique of work measurement.
• Time study is a technique to estimate the time to
be allowed to a qualified and well-trained worker
working at a normal pace to complete a specified
task by using specified method. This technique is
based on measuring the work content of the task
when performed by the prescribed method, with
the allowance for fatigue and for personal and
unavoidable delayed method
TIME STUDY PROCEDURES
Step 1: Define objective of the study.
Step 2: Verify that the standard method and conditions exist
for the operation and the operator is properly trained.
Step 3: Select operator to be studied if there are more than
one operator doing the same task.
Step 4: Record information about the standard method,
operation, operator, product, equipment, and conditions on
the Time Study observation sheet.
Step 5: Divide the operation into reasonably small elements,
and record them on the Time Study observation sheet.
Step 6: Time the operator for each of the elements.
Step 7: Collect and record the data of required number of cycles
by timing and rating the operator.
Step 8: Calculate the representative watch time for each
element of operation. Multiply it by the rating factor to get
normal time
Step 9: Determine allowances for fatigue and various delays.
Step 10: Determine standard time of operation
Selection of job for Time Study
Time Study is conducted on a job
• which has not been previously time-studied.
• for which method change has taken place recently.
• for which worker(s) might have complained as having tight time
standards.
Selection of Worker for Time Study
he selection of worker for time study is a very important factor in the
success of the study
 have necessary skill for the job.
 have sufficient experience with the given method on the job (that is,
he should have crossed the learning stage).
 be an ‘average' worker as regards the speed of working.
 be temperamentally suited to the study (those who can't work in
normal fashion when watched, are not suitable for the study).
 have knowledge about the purpose of study.
Time Study Equipment
The following equipment is needed for time study work.
• Timing device
• Time study observation sheet
• Time study observation board
• Other equipment
BASIC TIME
 Minimum theoretical time required to produce
one unit of output
STANDARD TIME
 Total time in which a job should be completed at std.
performance.
RATING
Steps involved in the grinding of shaft
in cylindrical grinding machine
 Take the component and assemble it with dog and
carrier
 Fit the component in to chuck
 Perform grinding operation
 Remove the component
 Inspection
 Determination of sample size
 n ≥ (z α /2)2 σ2/E2

 90% Confidence level

 α = .10,
 z.05 = 1.645
 E = .01.

 N= 10
 Thus, an operator of cylindrical grinding machine can
be expected to produce at a standard rate of 1/83.36
parts per second, or about 43 parts per hour. In a 7-
hour workday with 1 hour off for lunch and breaks, an
assembler can produce (7)*(43) = 301 components
could be grinded per workday.
Phases of time measurement involved
in the transferring raw material
 Time taken by the operator to collect 20 pieces of raw
material from vehicle
 Time taken to travel from vehicle to storage bin
 Time taken to travel from storage bin to vehicle
 Total distance travelled by an operator from vehicle to
storage bin = 26 ft
 Study no: Date: Movement of raw material to storage
Time study observation form
operation: operator: bin
1 2 3
Element No. and
Description collection of raw traveling time travel time from bin to vehicle
material
Cycle CT OT CT OT CT OT
1 21.4 21.4 37.2 15.8 47.1 9.9
2 20 20 40.6 20.6 54 13.4
3 22 22 37.75 15.75 52.75 15
4 23 23 37.6 14.6 57.2 19.6
5 18.8 18.8 35.5 16.7 51.1 15.6
6 24 24 34 10 53 19
7 26.1 26.1 43.1 17 63.4 20.3
8 30.2 30.2 45.6 15.4 65.7 20.1
9 25.2 25.2 41.5 16.3 61.3 19.8
10 24.8 24.8 40.6 15.8 59.7 19.1

SUM 235.5 157.95 171.8

Average 23.55 15.795 17.18
Rating 100% 90% 85%

NORMAL TIME
23.55 14.2155 14.603

sum of normal time

52.3685

Allowances
Personal 5% Standard time = 62.832 sec
Fatigue 5%
Delay 10%