WHO IS CHARLES DARWIN?

- CHARLES DARWIN IS BEST KNOWN FOR HIS

WORK AS A NATURALIST, DEVELOPING A THEORY
OF EVOLUTION TO EXPLAIN BIOLOGICAL
CHANGE.
- BIOLOGIST KNOWN IN THE PROCESS OF
NATURAL SELECTION.
EVOLUTION
 EVOLUTION

- THE PROCESS BY WHICH DIFFERENT KINDS OF

LIVING ORGANISMS ARE THOUGHT TO HAVE
DEVELOPED AND DIVERSIFIED FROM EARLIER
FORMS DURING THE HISTORY OF THE EARTH.
BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
 BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION

- IT REFERS TO THE CHANGES, MODIFICATIONS,

AND VARIATIONS IN THE GENETICS AND
INHERITED TRAITS OF BIOLOGICAL POPULATIONS
FROM ONE GENERATION TO ANOTHER.
 BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION

- SCIENTISTS STUDY THE CHANGES IN

THE PHYSICAL BODY OF HUMANS, THE
CHANGES IN THE SHAPE AND SIZE OF
THEIR BONES.
CULTURAL EVOLUTION
 CULTURAL EVOLUTION

- IT REFERS TO THE CHANGES OR

DEVELOPMENT IN CULTURES FROM A
SIMPLE FORM TO A MORE COMPLEX
FORM OF HUMAN CULTURE.
 THE EVOLUTION OF SPECIES HAPPENS
THROUGH THE PROCESS OF NATURAL
SELECTION.
 NATURAL SELECTION
- THE PROCESS IN NATURE BY WHICH, ACCORDING TO
DARWIN'S THEORY OF EVOLUTION, ORGANISMS THAT ARE
BETTER ADAPTED TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT TEND TO
SURVIVE LONGER AND TRANSMIT MORE OF THEIR GENETIC
CHARACTERISTICS TO SUCCEEDING GENERATIONS THAN DO
THOSE THAT ARE LESS WELL ADAPTED.
 HOMINIDS

- THE GENERAL TERM USED TO CATEGORIZE THE

GROUP OF EARLY HUMANS AND OTHER
HUMANLIKE CREATURES THAT CAN WALK ERECT
DURING THE PREHISTORIC PERIOD
 1. SAHELANTHROPUS
IT HAD BOTH APELIKE AND HUMANLIKE CHARACTERISTICS:
1. A SKULL SIMILAR TO AUSTRALOPITHECUS AND MODERN HUMAN.
2. HEIGHT ALMOST SIMILAR WITH THE CHIMPANZEE
3. BRAIN SIZE: 320-380 CC
4. SMALL TEETH 5. HAD THE ABILITY TO WALK UPRIGHT
FOUR CATEGORIES OF HOMINIDS
 2. ARDIPITHECUS
(APE ON THE GROUND)
1. HEIGHT ABOUT 4 FEET
2. WEIGHT ABOUT 120 POUNDS
3. SKULL SIZE SIMILAR TO AN APE
4. SMALL BRAIN
5. BIPED
6. LIVED IN JUNGLES AND FORESTS LIKE CHIMPANZEES
 2. ARDIPITHECUS
(APE ON THE GROUND)
 3.AUSTRALOPITHECUS
1. BRAIN SIZE: 500 CC OR ALMOST 1/3 SIZE OF THE MODERN HUMAN
BRAIN
2. UPRIGHT
3. BIPED
4. TOOL USERS NOT TOOL MAKERS
5. FOOD SCAVENGERS
3.AUSTRALOPITHECUS
 THERE ARE 6 SPECIES OF THE AUSTRALOPITHECUS
AND THEY ARE DIVIDED INTO TWO MAJOR
CATEGORIES: ROBUST AND GRACILE

1. GRACILE AUSTRALOPHITECUS
2. AUSTRALOPHITECUS ANAMENSIS
3. AUSTRALOPHITECUS AFRICANUS
4. AUSTRALOPITHECUS AFARENSIS
 AUSTRALOPITHECUS AFARENSIS

- CONSIDERED AS ONE OF MODERN HUMAN’S EARLIEST ANCESTORS

AND REMAINS AS THE MOST FAMOUS HOMINID FOSSIL
DISCOVERED
 ROBUST AUSTRALOPHITECUS

1. AUSTRALOPHITECUS AETHIOPICUS
2. AUSTRALOPHITECUS ROBUSTUS
3. AUSTRALOPHITECUS BOISEI
 4. HOMO
- THEY ARE CLASSIFIED AS HUMANS AND NOT
HUMANLIKE CREATURES BECAUSE THEY HAD
BIGGER BRAINS AND WERE BIPEDAL
1. HOMO HABILIS
2. HOMO ERGASTER
3. HOMO ERECTUS
- PEKING MAN
4. HOMO SAPIENS

-NEANDERTHALENSIS
-CRO - MAGNON