NIR SEMINAR-

WORKSHOP ON SCIENCE
INVESTIGATIVE PROJECT
MAKING:

TITLE PAGE, TABLE OF

CONTENTS, RESEARCH TITLE,
INTRODUCTION & ABSTRACT
“BIGYAN NG TITLE”
 MECHANICS
1. The game is called “Bigyan ng Title”.
2. The game will be played by guessing the title
of the movie which will be chosen from the
“SPINNING WHEEL”.
3. You will be given strips where to write your
answer. Each will be given 10 (ten) seconds to
guess.
4. The first to show the strip with correct answer
wins the game.
5. There will be 5 movies to guess.
SPIN!

tekhnologic
 Session Objectives:
After the 2-hour session, the participants are
expected to:
• Use different skills such as analyzing, criticizing,
making and evaluating in the formulation of the
research title, table of contents, title page,
introduction and abstract of the study.
• Develop a research problem, research title
• Identify elements of the introduction and
abstract of the study.
• Develop team-building among group members.
The Research Title
 What is a research title?
The title summarizes the main idea or ideas of
the study.
A good title contains the fewest possible words
that adequately describe the contents and
purpose of the research study.

How to make a research title?

How to make a research title?
In making a research title, always start with
identifying the problem present in a
community.

What are these problems?

 PROBLEM?????

AGRICULTURAL RELATED PROBLEMS

PROBLEM?????

WATER RELATED PROBLEMS

PROBLEM?????

WASTE PROBLEM
PROBLEM?????

FUEL CRISIS
PROBLEM?????

HEALTH RELATED PROBLEMS

Making the problem “SIPable”
Problem

Why? Cause 1a Cause 2a

Why? Cause 1b Cause 2b

Making the problem “SIPable”
The earth’s temperature has increased
by 10C every 25 years

Increasing concentration of
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Burning of fossil Increasing Number Deforestation

fuels like coal of vehicles

Demand for Need for Demand for Source of

Energy Transportation Lumber Livelihood

Low
Modern Lifestyle
income
 Deciding where to focus
The earth’s temperature has increased
by 10C every 25 years

Increasing concentration of
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Burning of fossil Increasing Number Deforestation

fuels like coal of vehicles

Demand for Need for Demand for Source of

Energy Transportation Lumber Livelihood

Low
Modern Lifestyle
income
Some considerations in identifying problems
Curiosity

Theoretical Research Necessity

Problem

Exploratory
Some considerations in choosing what
cause of the problem to focus on

REALITY CHECKS

TIME FUND FACILITIES

 Workshop#1(10mins.):
Identifying and narrowing down
the problem

Hint: In order to have a more or less correct diagnosis

of the problem, read what is written about it and its
causes (start of literature review)
How To Make SIP question?
 The earth’s temperature has increased
by 10C every 25 years

Increasing concentration of
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Burning of fossil Increasing Number Deforestation

fuels like coal of vehicles

Demand for Need for Demand for Source of

Energy Transportation Lumber Livelihood

Low
Modern Lifestyle
income
 What are the possible solutions to
the increasing number of vehicles in
order to lessen the concentration of
greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere?
Illustration:
Possible Solution:
A filtration system will reduce the
greenhouse gas emission of vehicles

Focus of the solution:

Materials needed
Time frame
Availability of resources
 Which of these possible
solutions is/are “SIPable”?
Stating the SIP question:
Will material A used as filter be
able to reduce the amount of CO2
emitted by vehicle 1?

Which material, A or B, used as

filter be able to reduce the amount
of CO2 emitted by vehicle 1?
Guides to consider whether the SIP
question is correctly stated

 Is the question answerable by YES

or NO?
 Can the question be answered
simply by reading a book or an
article from the internet?
Guides to consider whether the SIP
question is correctly stated

o Is the question too broad?

o Does the question entail further
investigation or experimentation?
o Does it contain the research
variables?
Guides to consider whether the SIP
question is correctly stated
o Does it mention the expected effect of the
independent variable on the dependent
variable?
o Will it require generation of data from an
experiment?
o Does it give the researcher a view of
design the experiment in order to answer
it?
The Research Variables
The independent variable is the core of the
experiment and is isolated and manipulated
by the researcher.

The dependent variable is the

measurable outcome of this
manipulation, the results of the experimental
design.
Remember:
The choice of the dependent variable is
critical.
The response of the dependent variable to
the independent variable usually indicates
the effectiveness of the intervention or
solution.
In choosing the dependent variable, ask,
what measure will tell me that my
intervention or solution is working?
 Stating the SIP question
Remember:
Does it contain the research variables?
Does it mention the expected effect of the independent
variable on the dependent variable?
Will it require generation of data from an experiment?
Does it give the researcher a view of design the
experiment in order to answer it?
Activity 2: ( 2 minutes)
Now from the SIP problem that
you have made in your activity
1, state at least 2 SIP
questions about it.
 HOW TO CONVERT SIP
QUESTION TO AN SIP
TITLE?
SIP Question SIP Title
Which material, A
or B, used as filter Different plant
be able to reduce fibers: vehicle
the amount of CO2 exhaust filtration
emitted by vehicle system
1?
RESEARCH PROBLEM RESEARCH TITLE
Banning of Squash Seeds and
genetically Trichoderma harzianum:
modified chicken Potential Feed Additive
feeds in the and Probiotic for Broiler
province Chicken
Potential Use of Fungus,
Trichoderma harzianum
and Effective
Bioremediation for
Microorganisms (EM) in
water pollution
Industrial Wastewater
Treatment
 TIPS IN SIP TITLE WRITING
• Avoid using abbreviations.
• The scientific name, if needed in
the title, should be written
properly.
• The use of word combination or
acronym in the title is accepted.
 TIPS IN SIP TITLE WRITING

• The title is written in one line as

much as possible; when more
than one line, it follows the
inverted pyramid form.
 Activity #3: ( 3 minutes)
Making SIP title from the SIP
question
 Elements in writing an
INTRODUCTION
1. Background of the study
• What is the current problem?
• What are some initiatives undertaken to
2. Purpose/objective of the
solve/address the problem?
study
• What is/are the weaknesses of the solutions
3. Significance
done before?of the study
• What is unique about the solution that I am
going to provide the study?
 TIPS:
• most recent and forcing issues;
• from global issue to local issue;
• observe proper citations
• Font size: 12
• Font style: Times of New Roman
• Double spacing
• Margins: 1” all sides
 Forcing issue

Global to
local

Proper citation
Assignment#1: Out of the SIP
questions and title, write an
introduction
Elements of an Abstract
Sample of Intel-ISEF
Abstract
 EFFECTS OF CONTEXT
ON INTERIOR
SCRAMBLED TEXT

Stefan Joshua Coburn Fayette County High School,

Fayetteville, GA

ISEF 07 – Behavioral and Social

The purpose of this experiment is to identify what effect
context has on interior scrambled text recognition. The
hypothesis presented for experimentation was a null
hypothesis, that context had no effect upon recognition.

Twenty-five participants were given two sets of 24

stimuli to distinguish as either interior scrambled
word or nonword in a lexical decision experiment.
In one set the twenty four stimuli were each
presented in isolation, and in the other set the
stimuli were each presented in the context of a
sentence, which was completely interiorly
scrambled.
Each stimulus was shown via PowerPoint on a slide
for 4 seconds. To keep some control over the
stimuli, each interior scrambled word was drawn
from a list of the 500 most common sight words to
ensure consistent familiarity; In the context condition
the stimuli that had to be identified was always the
last word. Each participant was randomly assigned
to the isolation set or context first and the other
second. For each participant the difference in
correctly identified stimuli was taken and an average
difference was calculated.
The mean difference was 3.88. Using a single-
tailed T-test a p of 5.34X10^-10 was obtained.

This statistical analysis indicates that the data

refutes the null hypothesis. This means the
null hypothesis can be reasonably rejected in
favor of the alternative hypothesis, that
context aids word recognition. In addition, the
data contests the idea that the ability to read
interior scrambled text implies that people
read words independent of letter order.
 Workshop #4: Identify the
elements of a given abstract

 Underline the purpose/hypothesis

 Box-in the procedure
 Encircle the data analysis/findings
 Double-underline the conclusions
Proper sequence in the SIP
paper

Title page
Abstract
Table of Contents
Introduction
“It is LEARNING, not teaching, that
enables learners to manifest the
desired change in behaviour.”
- Michell L. Acoyong
(A Teacher’s Journey Towards Empowerment)