Soc.

Sci Majorship Pre-

Board

LEE BOY C. VILLAS,LPT,MA.SEAS

1. Which words apply to the
present Philippine Government?
A. Presidential, military
B. Constitutional, military
C. Constitutional, elective
D. Despotic, civil
Answer: C
Rationalization: The 1987
constitution is the fundamental law
of the land and Article V of the said
constitution is suffrage which is
about the conduct of election- the
process of choosing public officials
in the country.
2. As to extent of powers exercised
by the central government, under
which category does the present
Philippine governments fall?
A. Unitary
B. Democracy
C. Parliamentary
D. Federal
Answer: B
Rationalization: Article II,
section I of the 1987 constitution
clearly stated that the
Philippines is a democratic and
republican state.
3. Under which category does
our present Philippine
government fall?
A. Authoritarian
B. Federal
C. Indirect democracy
D. Parliamentary
• Answer: C
• Rationalization: Article II, section I of the
1987 constitution clearly stated that the
Philippines is a democratic and republican
state. Direct democracy is a democracy
where the people directly participates in
legislation. The Philippines is an Indirect
Democracy because the people elects
members of the Legislative department
which creates, alters and repeals a
legislation (Articles V- Suffrage and VI-
Legislative Department)
4. Which form of government did the
Philippines have under 1935
constitution?
A. Parliamentary
B. Federal
C. Military
D. Commonwealth
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: The 1935 constitution of
the Philippines served as the fundamental
law of the land from 1935-1972. It
stablishes the Commonwealth of the
Philippines and provides that upon the
withdrawal of the American sovereignty in
the country and the declaration of
independence, said commonwealth shall
be known as the Republic of the
Philippines.
5. Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, which
was the Filipino form of government?
A. “Ayuntamiento”
B. “Cabildo”
C. Barangay
D. City states
• Answer: C
• Rationalization: The Malays, the last of the
three group of people who migrated to the
Philippines sailed the seas from the island
of Borneo in a boat named “balangay”.
When the Malays settled, they named their
ancient communities “barangay” with the
‘Datu” as chieftain.
6. Ours is a government of laws and not of
men. This means that .
A. a person who does not agree with the
wisdom and expediency of the law may not
B. all private individuals except
foreigners are bound to respect the
sovereignty of the
obey the same
law
C. all officers of the government except
the highest are bound to obey the law
D. no one is above the law regardless of
who he/she is
• Answer: D
• Rationalization: Even the President’s
immunity from lawsuit is removed the
moment he steps out of the Presidency.
Likewise, everybody enjoys the due
process of the law.
7. To foster patriotism and nationalism,
accelerate social progress and promote total
human liberation, the State gives priority to
.
A. balanced and healthful ecology
B. education, science and technology,
arts, culture and sports
C. role of women in nation building
D. health services
• Answer: B
• Rationalization: Article II, section 17 of the
1987 constitution. The State shall give
priority to education, science and
technology, arts, culture, and sports to
foster patriotism and nationalism,
accelerate social progress, and promote
total human liberation and development.
8. Which constitution had a dominant
influence on the 1935 constitution?
A. It was applied in a peoples’
plebiscite.
B. It was drawn up by an appointed
Constitutional Commission.
C. It was approved by Citizens
Assemblies.
D. It was drawn up in a Constitutional
Conversion.
•
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization:
• ARTICLE 2- STATE POLICIES OF THE 1987
CONSTITUTION:
• Section 17- The State shall give priority to
education, science and technology, arts, culture,
and sports to foster patriotism and nationalism,
accelerate social progress, and promote total
human liberation and development.
• Section 8- The Philippines, consistent with the
national interest, adopts and pursues a policy of
freedom from nuclear weapons in its territory.
• ARTICLE XIV, section 6. The national language
of the Philippines is Filipino. As it evolves, it shall
be further developed and enriched on the basis
of existing Philippine and other languages.
Subject to provisions of law and as the Congress
may deem appropriate, the Government shall
take steps to initiate and sustain the use of
Filipino as a medium of official communication
and as language of instruction in the educational
system.
• Section 12. The State recognizes the sanctity of
family life and shall protect and strengthen the
family as a basic autonomous social institution.
10. Which is NOT state policy?
A. Giving priority to education, science,
teaching arts, culture and sports
B. Freedom from nuclear weapons in its
territory.
C. Giving priority to the teaching of the
English language.
D. Strengthening of the Family as a basic
autonomous social institution.
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: STATE POLICIES
• Independent Foreign Policy
• Freedom from nuclear weapon
• Promote social order
• Respect human rights
• Sanctity of family
• Youth in nation building
• Promote health
• Protect balanced ecology
• Prioritize education, culture, arts and sports
• Labor is primary social economic force
• National economy controlled by Filipinos
• Recognize role of public sector
• Promote rural and agrarian reform
• Recognize Indigenous Peoples rights
• Encourage creation of organizations not contrary to law
• Ensure autonomy of local government
• Prohibit political dynasties
• Fight graft and corruption
• Full public disclosure
11. Which reform is introduced in the Bill of Rights
of 1987 Constitution?
A. The right of government employees to
form associations, unions or societies for purposes
not contrary to law.
B. The right to information on matters of
public concern.
C. The right to worship without dictation or
interference by any person or power.
D. The right to due process of law.
• Answer: B
• Rationalization: Article II, Section 7. The right of
the people to information on matters of public
concern shall be recognized. Access to official
records, and to documents and papers
pertaining to official acts, transactions, or
decisions, as well as to government research
data used as basis for policy development, shall
be afforded the citizen, subject to such
limitations as may be provided by law.
12. Following from the principle that no man is
above the law, which statement about the
President is true?
A. He is not immuned from suit after tenure
in office.
B. He is not immuned from suit during and
after his lecture of office.
C. He is not immuned from suit during his
tenure.
D. He is immuned from suit after tenure in
office.
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: Even the President’s
immunity from lawsuit is removed the
moment he steps out of the Presidency.
Likewise, everybody enjoys the due
process of the law because ours is a
government of laws and not of men.
13. In whom does sovereignty reside and
from whom does all government authority
emanate?
A. The Filipino people
B. The elected officials
C. The elected and appointed officials
D. The members of the Cabinet
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: Article 2 Section 1 of the
1987 Constitution. The Philippines is a
democratic and republican State.
Sovereignty resides in the people and all
government authority emanates from
them.
14. The following are reform in the 1987
Constitution EXCEPT .
A. the separation of church and state
B. Protection and advancing the right of
the people to a balanced and healthful
ecology.
C. The equal protection of the life of the
mother and the life of the unborn from
conception.
D. The pursuit of a nuclear weapons
free policy.
15. What was the 1976 amendment to the
1973 constitution?
A. To extend free education to
secondary level
B. To allow the incumbent president to
hold the position of the Prime Minister and to
exercise legislative powers as well
C. To allow the incumbent president to
hold the position of President without limit.
D. To allow the incumbent president to
hold the position of president.
• Answer:
• Rationalization: 1976 amendments to the 1972
constitution:
• Creation of the Batasang Pambansa
• Transferring of power from the National
Assembly to the Batasang Pambansa
• The President convenes the Batasang
Pambansa until the Prime Minister is selected
• The president shall continue using legislative
powers until martial law is lifted
• The president may issue decrees which shall
form as one of the laws of the land
16.Which does NOT promote social
justice?
A. Profit sharing
B. Equitable access to quality
education
C. Diffusion of wealth
D. Recognition of the owner’s
absolute right over his property
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Article XIII, Section 1. The
Congress shall give highest priority to the
enactment of measures that protect and
enhance the right of all the people to
human dignity, reduce social, economic,
and political inequalities, and remove
cultural inequities by equitably diffusing
wealth and political power for the common
good. To this end, the State shall regulate
the acquisition, ownership, use, and
disposition of property and its increments.
17. Property ownership carries with it a
social function. What does this mean?
A. The property owner should share his
property with others.
B. Ownership of private property should
be abolished.
C. Society should be the sole owner of
property.
D. The property owner is obliged to use
his property not only for his own but also for
other’s benefit.
18. As a matter of principle, which is
renounced by the Philippines as an
instrument of national policy?
A. Civilian authority
B. Nuclear weapons in its territory
C. Autonomy of local governments
D. War
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Article II,
Section 2. The Philippines
renounces war as an
instrument of national policy.
19. Which is supportive of social justice?
A. Promotion of legal equality
B. Owner’s absolute right over his
property
C. Making poverty as an excuse for
violating property rights
D. The prohibition against the
imposition of literacy as requirement for the
exercise of suffrage.
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Social Justice promotes
Social Equality. ARTICLE XIII, Section 1.
The Congress shall give highest priority to
the enactment of measures that protect
and enhance the right of all the people to
human dignity, reduce social, economic,
and political inequalities, and remove
cultural inequities by equitably diffusing
wealth and political power for the common
good.
20. Which statement holds true to Philippine
Congress?
A. It can enact any law even those
contrary to the Constitution.
B. In addition to its power to enact law,
the Constitution has it powers which are
non-legislative in character.
C. It is unicameral.
D. Its duty is to make laws not to alter
nor repeal them.
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: Aside from the
Legislative power- the power to
create, alter and repeal a legislation,
the congress also serves the quasi-
judicial function during impeachment.
The lower house initiates and the
upper house judges the
impeachment.
21. Which is a legislative check on the
President?
A. Prescription of qualifications of
the President
B. Prescription of the qualifications
of the President
C. Injury into the wisdom of any
pardon given by the President
D. Rejection of appointment/s by
the President
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: The Commission on Appointments
confirms or rejects appointments of the president. Article
VI, section 18 of the constitution states that there shall
be a Commission on Appointments consisting of the
President of the Senate, as ex officio Chairman, twelve
Senators, and twelve Members of the House of
Representatives, elected by each House on the basis of
proportional representation from the political parties and
parties or organizations registered under the party-list
system represented therein. The chairman of the
Commission shall not vote, except in case of a tie. The
Commission shall act on all appointments submitted to it
within thirty session days of the Congress from their
submission. The Commission shall rule by a majority
vote of all the Members.
22. For Check and balance, who
prescribe/s the qualifications of judges
of the lower courts?
A. The President
B. Supreme Court
C. The President and the Cabinet
D. Congress
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Article VIII, section 7,
no. 2. The Congress shall prescribe
the qualifications of judges of lower
courts, but no person may be
appointed judge thereof unless he is
a citizen of the Philippines and a
member of the Philippine Bar.
23. In line with the principle of check and
balance, which is an executive check on the
legislative department? The President
.
A. may dictate the law for Congress to
promulgate
B. may modify the judgment of courts
C. may set aside the judgment of
courts
D. may veto bills enacted by Congress
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Article VI, section 27, no.
1. Every bill passed by the Congress shall,
before it becomes a law, be presented to
the President. If he approves the same he
shall sign it; otherwise, he shall veto it and
return the same with his objections to the
House where it originated, which shall
enter the objections at large in its Journal
and proceed to reconsider it.
24. In a research conducted, the area
most prone to tsunami is the.
A. Moro Gulf area
B. Lingayen gulf sea
C. Western Luzon
D. Eastern Mindanao
• Answer: C
• Rationalization: Studies done by Filipino geologists reveal that most of the
tsunami-generating earthquakes take place in the western, eastern and
southern coasts of the country. Indeed, these indicate the Philippines’
unfortunate unstable location in the so-called Pacific Ring of Fire. Our
country is actually precariously floating on the earth’s mantle between two
subduction zones on its western and eastern flanks—that is, it is being
squeezed by two oceanic plates that subduct or move down toward the
earth’s mantle and, in the process, create oceanic and terrestrial
disturbances as well as crustal deformations.
• In a 2003 study funded by the Japan International Cooperation Agency and
titled “Metro Manila Earthquake Impact Reduction Study” (MMEIRS), based
on the characteristics of the 1677 7.3-magnitude earthquake that resulted
from the subduction tectonics of the Manila Trench, the location of a
possible tsunami event is placed on the subducting Eurasian Plate at a
shallow depth of 40 kilometers and with a magnitude of 7.9. The fault length
is 255 km and its width is 68 km. In this condition, the propagation distance
is about 200 km from the shore, with the mean run-up tsunami height
calculated at around two meters and the maximum height at around four
meters.
25. It is narrow strip of land in Northern
Philippines. There is not much to
cultivate so its adventurous people
migrated to other parts of the country
and the world. Which region is
described?
A. Palawan
B. Cagayan
C. Ilocos
D. Zamboanga
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: Palawan is found west of
Philippines, Cagayan is Central and
Zamboanga is south. Ilocos is found in the
north and the Ilocos coastal plain is known
as a narrow strip of land facing the West
Philippine Sea at the western side of
northern Luzon. It is composed of
mountain systems and hills lie close to the
sea with sand dunes (hills of sand) which
lessens land areas for cultivation.
26. In this province you walk on gold on its
mountains you mine gold. It also supplies
most part of Luzon with fresh flowers and
vegetables because of its climate. Which
province is this?
A. Benguet
B. Mt. Province
C. Ifugao
D. Kalinga
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: The province of Benguet,
capital: La Trinidad is known as the salad
Bowl of the Philippines because of its
massive production of upland vegetables.
Its climate is the main factor for this
production. Likewise, Balatoc in Itogon,
Benguet has also been a tourist
destination for Baguio City tourists
because of its gold mines.
27. Which one serves as a rice granary in
northeast Philippines?
A. Cagayan Valley
B. Nueva Ecija
C. Ilocos Region
D. Cordillera Administrative Region
• Answer: B
• Rationalization: Specifically, the rice
granary of the Philippines according to
UNESCO is Nueva Ecija. However, in
general, central luzon supplies much of
the country with rice. Central Luzon
Provinces include Aurora, Bataan,
Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Tarlac,
and Zambales.
28. Which may be an effect of the island
character of our geography?
A. multi-cultural diversity
B. Widespread poverty
C. Indolence
D. Low literacy
• Answer: A.
Rationalization: The Philippines is an
archipelago- it is composed of various
islands. This topographic
characteristic of our country gave way
to the development of various cultural
variations among the different regions
of the country.
29. Because of its geographical location,
Philippines .
A. is commonly poor
B. is not prone to calamities
C. has warm climate
D. has low literacy rate
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: The Philippines
can be found near the equator
making it tropical and humid.
Hence, he warm climate.
30. The Philippines is in the Pacific
plate. As a consequence, it is
prone to
A. earthquakes
B. drought
C. typhoons
D. flood
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: The Philippines
can be found in the Pacific plate
and the Pacific Rim of fire making
it more prone to earthquakes
through the movement of the
plates and more prone to volcanic
eruptions.
31. Which is the second largest
island in the Philippine
archipelago?
A. Leyte
B. Luzon
C. Palawan
D. Mindanao
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: According to
world atlas, the ten largest islands
in the Philippines are Luzon,
Mindanao, Samar, Negros,
Palawan, Panay, Mindoro, Leyte,
Cebu and Bohol.
32. Mt. Everest is to the world, as is
to the Philippines.
A. Mt. Apo
B. Mt. Pulag
C. Mt. Arayat
D. Mt. Makiling
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: The tallest
mountain in the world is Mt.
Everest, whereas the largest in
the Philippines is Mt. Apo found in
Mindanao.
33. Which is considered the longest
river in Luzon?
A. Chico River
B. Agno River
C. Angat River
D. Cagayan River
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Cagayan River is
the longest river in the Philippines
whereas the biggest is Rio
Grande which can be found in
Mindanao.
34. Which statement/s is/are true to Philippine
geography?
I. The Philippine islands are within the
tropics.
II. The Philippine archipelago has a
remarkable biodiversity.
III. Its coastline are very regular.
A. III only
B. I and II
C. I only
D. I and III
• Answer: B
• Rationalization: The Philippine
coastline is very irregular making it
the longest coastline in the world
when all 7k plus islands are
combined. However, some islets sink
during high tide periods.
35. Which one of the poorest provinces in
the Cordillera Administrative Region is
known for its rich natural resources, but its
development is somehow blocked by
several factors like tribal wars?
A. Mt. Province
B. Ifugao
C. Abra
D. Kalinga
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Kalinga is a province
in CAR which is composed of various
tribes. These tribes, even to press
time declare tribal wars with each
other. The ASIANEWS even named
Kalinga the “Land of tribal wars and
fragile peace.”
36. Which is the one the smallest island
provinces in Visayas which is famous
for its sweet mangoes for export?
A. Antique
B. Bohol
C. Guimaras
D. Southern Leyte
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: Guimaras
island, found near Ilo-ilo is
known as the island where the
sweetest mango in the world is
coming from.
37. The marble supply in the
country originates primarily from
A. Biliran
B. Masbate
C. Romblon
D. Mindoro
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: Romblon is
known as the marble capital of
the Philippines where the best
and refined marbles in the country
is coming from. The biggest
marble mining companies in the
country is also found in Romblon.
38. To which province will I go if I
want to see the Chocolate Hills and
tarsiers?
A. Siquijor
B. Bohol
C. Guimaras
D. Masbate
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: The chocolate
hills is found in Bohol. And the
Philippine tarsier, (Tarsius
syrichta or Carlito syrichta) is very
peculiar small animal. Growing at
about 4-5 inches, it is the worlds
smallest primate found in bohol
also.
39. Which big tourist attraction in
the Cordillera Administrative
Region symbolizes early Filipino
engineering skill, patience and
industry?
A. Ivatan homes
B. Hot Springs
C. Rice Terraces
D. Woodcarving
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: The rice terraces,
carved in the mountains by the
Indigenous People of Ifugao 2,000
years ago in the Cordilleras is named
one of the greatest engineering
wonders created by man using bare
hands. The Ifugao rice terraces is
listed in the UNESCO world heritage
list in 1995.
• 40. The Cagayan Valley serves as
another rice granary of the
Philippines. This is made possible by
the irrigation from the
A. Cagayan River
B. Agno River
C. Chico River
D. Bued River
41. What statement is true of
Mindanao?
A. It is the third largest island in the
country.
B. It is here where the smallest
deer can be found.
C. It is the biggest island in the
country.
D. It is the second biggest island in
the country.
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: According to world
atlas, the ten largest islands in the
Philippines are Luzon, Mindanao,
Samar, Negros, Palawan, Panay,
Mindoro, Leyte, Cebu and Bohol.
42. I am in a bus following the treacherous
mountain trail in the north. This road is
occasionally damaged by landslides, making
the road impassable, and consequently
blocking fresh vegetable supply to the
lowlands including Manila. Which province is
referred to?
A. Mt. Province
B. Kalinga
C. Ifugao
D. Benguet
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: According to the
Department of Environment and Natural
Resources Mines and Geo-Science
Bureau (DENR-MGB), the top ten
landslide prone provinces in the country
are: Benguet, Mt. Province, Nueva
Vizcaya, Kalinga Apayao, Southern Leyte,
Abra, Marinduque, Cebu, Catanduanes
and Ifugao. Among the provinces, Benguet
supplies much of the country with
vegetables.
43. Which region is dubbed “The Land of
Promise” because of its spacious and rich
agricultural lands?
A. Central Plain of Luzon
B. Mindanao
C. Visayas
D. Luzon
44. In annexing the Philippines, the
Americans adopted the expressed colonial
policy of
A. “Divide and Conquer”
B. “God, Glory, and Gold”
C. “Colonial Expansionism and
Imperialism”
D. “Philippines for the Filipinos”
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: “The Philippines are ours
not to exploit, but to develop, civilize,
educate, and to train in the science of self-
government”- US. Pres. WILLIAM
MCKINLEY. Thus the first Civil Governor
to the Philippines, William Howard Taft
made the policy “the Philippines for the
Filipinos.”
45. Aside from the Philippines, which
countries claim part of the Spratly Islands in
the South China Sea?
A. Indonesia, China, Malaysia, Taiwan,
Vietnam
B. Malaysia, Brunei, China, Thailand,
Vietnam
C. Thailand, Brunei, Malaysia, China,
Vietnam
D. China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Brunei,
Malaysia
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: The countries who claim
part of the Spratly’s are Philippines,
Malaysia, China, Vietnam, Taiwan and
Brunei. China, Taiwan and Vietnams claim
are historic, while the Philippines’ is based
on UNCLOS (United Nations Convention
on the Law of the Sea)
46. Which group of foreigners in the
Philippines, perceived to have been
discriminated against by the Spaniards,
supported the British against Spain in the
Seven Years’ War by providing the British
laborers and armed men?
A. Americans
B. Japanese
C. Malays
D. Chinese
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Spanish rule was punctuated by
periodic revolts, many of them involving Chinese
who were forced to live outside the walls of
Manila in a place called the Parian. In 1574, a
Chinese pirate named Lin Tao Kien
unsuccessfully attacked Manila. In 1574, the
governor of Manila was assassinated by
Chinese mutineers on his galley. In 1596,
12,000 chinese were expelled which angered
the Chinese more, thus helping the British in the
seven years’ war.
47. Which might be the reason why the Spaniards
succeeded in quelling all Filipino revolts?
A. The Filipino natives were docile.
B. The Filipino natives lacked unity.
C. The Spaniards hired soldiers to suppress
the revolt.
D. The Spaniards fought the Filipino rebels
with strong determination to win.
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: Reasons for Spain’s
successful occupation of the Philippines:
• The Filipinos were not united
• The Spaniards have supreme weapon
• The Spaniards have valiant leaders like
Legazpi and De Goiti
48. In which order did the following events take place
in Philippine history?
I. The investigation of the political and economic
situation of the Philippines by the Commission headed
by Leonard Wood
II. Advocacy of the Tydings-McDuffie Bill by
Pres. Quezon and the Philippine Senate
III. Establishment of the Philippine
Commonwealth
A. I, II and III
B. II, III and I
C. I, III and II
D. III, II and I
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: American Colonial Policy to the
Philippines:
• Benevolent Assimilation- US Pres. Mckinley
• Taft Commision “Philippines for the Filipinos”-
Civil Governor Taft
• Philippine Assembly- Phil. Bill of 1902
• The Jones Law
• The Wood-Forbes Mission
• The OSROX Mission
• The Tydings-Mcduffie Law
• The Commonwealth- Ten Year Transition
49. Which court was conducted by an incoming
Governor-General to examine the conduct of an
out-going Governor-General during the Spanish
period?
A. Teritorial Audiencia
B. Royal Audencia
C. Residencia
D. Visitador
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization:
• RESIDENCIA- A special judicial court which
investigates the performance of a governor
general who was about to be replaced
• VISITA- Council of Indies in Spain who observes
the condition of the colony
• ROYAL AUDENCIA- The highest court and the
advisory and auditor of the Governor General.
50. Which was the first bill passed by the
Philippine Assembly which provided for the
appropriation of a million pesos for barrio schools?
A. Tydings-MacDuffie Law
B. Gabaldon Act
C. Jones law
D. Philippine Bill of 1902
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization:
• Tydings-Mcduffie Law- Created the commonwealth
• Gabaldon Act- Act 1801, an act authored by
Assemlyman Isauro Gabaldon, also known as the
Gabaldon Act of 1907, which appropriated PhP 1 million
between 1907 to 1915 for the construction of
schoolhouses of strong materials in barrios with
guaranteed daily attendance of not less than sixty pupils.
• Jones Law- Philippine Autonomy Act
• Philippine Bill of 1902- Created the Philippine Assembly
51. Who composed the group of immigrants
to the Philippine archipelago after the
Indonesians?
A. Spaniards
B. Chinese
C. Malays
D. The Indians
Answer: C.
Rationalization: The Wave of Migration
according to Otley Beyer:
• Negritos
• Indones
• Malays
52. Spain ceded the Philippine archipelago
to the United States in return for how many
US dollars?
A. 200 million
B. 30 million
C. 20 million
D. 50 million
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: The Treaty of Paris,
signed December 10, 1898 between US
and Spain in Paris, France ended the US-
Spanish war. The peace treaty includes a
$ 20 million payment of US to Spain so the
latter would officially cede the Philippines
to US.
53. Which was well accepted by the Filipinos
under Spanish rule?
A. Employment of Reduccion
B. The practice of polo
C. Representation of the Cortes
D. Payment of the “buwis”
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization:
• REDUCCION- The moving of small groups
of Filipino settlements into one, large town.
This was to regulate the Filipinos, and
teach them the basics of Christianity.
• POLO Y SERVICIO- Forced labor of men
aged 16-60 for 40 days without payment
• TRIBUTO- The tax imposed to be paid by
Filipinos.
54. Who first named our country Las Islas
de Filipinas, now Philippine Islands?
A. Legaspi
B. Salcedo
C. Villalobos
D. Urdaneta
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: Names given to the Philippines
• MAYI “Land of Gold”- Chinese traders
• MANIOLAS- Ptolemy
• ARCHIPELAGO DE SAN LAZARO- Ferdinand
Magellan
• LAS ISLAS FELIPINAS- Ruy Lopez de
Villalobos in honor of King Phillip II of Spain
• PEARL OF THE ORIENT SEAS- Dr. Jose Rizal
55. Which of the following events was the
first to occur?
A. The cry of Balintawak
B. The proclamation of Philippine
Independence at Kawit, Cavite
C. The execution of Rizal at
Bagumbayan
D. The trail and execution of Bonifacio
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: Important Dates to remember:
• July 7, 1892- The founding of KKK
• August 23, 1896- Cry of Balintawak
• December 30, 1896- The execution of Rizal in
Bagumabayan (now Luneta)
• March 22, 1897- The Tejeros Convention
• July 10, 1897- The trail and execution of
Bonifacio and Procopio in Maragondon, Cavite
• December 15, 1897- Pact of Biak na Bato
• June 12, 1898- The declaration of Independence
in Kawit, Cavite
56. Who dared to engage the First European
intruders in a battle at Mactan resulting in
the death of their leader?
A. Sumakwel
B. Datu Puti
C. Lapulapu
D. Rajah Soliman
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: Kalipulako of Mactan or
Datu Lapu lapu successfully defeated
Magellan and his men in the infamous
battle of Mactan, April 28, 1521, making it
the first Filipino successful resistance
aginst Spanish oppression and making
Lapu lapu the first Filipino hero.
57. In which order did the following occupy
the Philippines?
A. Spaniards, Americans, Japanese,
British
B. Spaniards, British, Americans,
Japanese
C. British, Spaniards, Americans,
Japanese
D. Spaniards, Americans, British,
Japanese
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: Colonizers of the
Philippines:
• Spain- 333 years
• Britain- 3 years
• America- 48 years
• Japanese- 3 years
58. What is the chronological arrangement of the
following historical events in the Philippines?
I. Gen. MacArthur landed in Leyte.
II. Japan attacked the Philippines.
III. Japan surrendered to the Allied Forces.

A. I, II and III
B. II, III and I
C. II, I and III
D. III, II and I
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization:
• December 8, 1941- The attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
• December 8, 1941- The attack on the Philippine Air
bases
• October 14, 1943- Inauguration of the Second Philippine
Republic
• October 20, 1944- Battle of Leyte Gulf in Palo, Leyte
“Leyte Liberation”
• May 7, 1945- End of war in Europe- V E Day
• August 6, 1945- Hiroshima Bombing
• August 9, 1945- Nagasaki Bombing
• September 2, 1945- The official surrender of Japan
59. For which are Filipinos thankful to Julian
Felipe?
A. The tune of our National Anthem.
B. The lyrics of our National Anthem
C. The draft of the Malolos Constitution
D. The making of our National Flag
Answer: A.
Rationalization: June 12, 1989- The
declaration of Philippine Independence in
Kawit, cavite
Marcela Agoncillo- sewn the
Philippine Flag
Marcha National Filipina (Tune of
National Anthem)- Julian Felipe
Lyrics of National Anthem- Jose
Palma
60. What Philippine historical event do you
associate with December 10, 1898?
A. Japan’s invasion of the Philippines
B. Treaty of Paris
C. Philippine Commonwealth
D. Proclamation of the Philippine
Republic
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: The Treaty of Paris,
signed December 10, 1898 between
US and Spain in Paris, France ended
the US-Spanish war. The peace
treaty includes a $ 20 million payment
of US to Spain so the latter would
officially cede the Philippines to US.
61. Who was the “boy general” killed in
the Battle of Tirad Pass in the
resistance to American rule?
A. Gen. Antonio Luna
B. Gen. Gregorio del Pilar
C. Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo
D. Gen. Miguel Malvar
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization:
• Antonio Luna- The greatest general of the
first republic. The strategist of Aguinaldo.
• Gregorio Del Pilar- Known as “Goyo”. The
youngest general of the first republic. Sacrificed his life in
Tirad Pass (Pasong Tirad) so Aguinaldo can flee the
Americans who are after him.
• Emilio Aguinaldo- The “El Presidente”. The
President of the first republic
• General Miguel Malvar- The last Filipino
General to surrender to the Americans (Agoncillo)
62. Considering subsequent events in Philippine history,
what was the significance of Magellan’s expedition?
A. The Europeans came to know of the existence of
our very rich archipelago.
B. It established the Americans which were far away
from East Asia.
C. It proved that the Spaniards were better
navigators than the Portuguese.
D. It proved that the Spaniards were better
navigators than the Portuguese.
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: Magellan’s expedition which had proven
that the world is round and led to the discovery of the
International date line is an expedition funded by Spain
to look for a new “eastward” route towards “Moluccas”-
spice island. Given the fact that the expedition should
directly bring Magellan and his 5 ships (Trinidad,
Conception, San Antonio, Santiago and Victoria) to the
seas of the spice island, in march 1521, he saw Samar,
thereby discovering a new territory even the Portuguese
had never laid eyes on. Magellan named the lands
“Archipelago de San Lazaro” which later on was
renamed by Villalobos as “Las Islas Filipinas” in honor of
King Phillip II of Spain.
63. The Liga Filipina was founded to carry out among
others which of the following aims?
A. To work for the separation of the archipelagos
from Spain
B. To assassinate abusive and tyrannical governors
and friars
C. To discourage the revolutionary ideas and the
spread of masonry
D. To unite the whole archipelago into one compact,
vigorous and homogenous.
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Aims of the La Liga
Filipina:
• Union of the Archipelago
• Mutual protection in all cases
• Defense against violence and injustice
• Encourage education, agriculture and
commerce
• Study and application of reforms
• 64. Who among the following were the
middle educated class during the Spanish
era?
• A. Insulares
• B. Mestizos
• C. Ilustrados
• D. Creoles
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: Spanish Social Class:
• PENINSULARES- Pure Spanish born in Spain
• INSULARES- Pure Spanish born in the
Philippines
• CREOLE- Half Spanish, half Indio or Chinese
• PRINCIPALIA- Rich or Middle Class Filipino’s
• ILUSTRADOS- Son’s of Principalia
who were sent to Europe to study
• INDIO- Poor Pure Filipino’s
65. In addition to the problem on post-war
rehabilitation, which internal problem in
Central Luzon did the new Philippine
government face?
A. Iliteracy
B. Epidemic
C. Water Supply
D. The Hukbalahaps
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Aside from the massive hunger
brought about by food shortage because of the total
breakdown of the Philippine agriculture after world war
two, the new Philippine Government face much
problem with the Hukbalahap (Hukbo ng Bayan Laban
sa Hapon) who expected recognition and benefits that
the USAFFE were enjoying after the war. The
government, however was only able to provide due
recognition to the Huks in Southern Philippines by
assimilating them into the armed forces while
disarming the others since the americans look at them
as simply armed civilians. This led to many conflicts
between the new government and the Huks.
66. With these words: “There are no tyrants
where there no slaves”, who inspired the
Filipinos to work for their freedom?
A. Marcelo H. del Pilar
B. Andres Bonifacio
C. Apolinario Mabini
D. Jose Rizal
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Famous lines of Filipino heroes:
• Marcelo Del Pilar- Insurrection is the last
remedy specially when the people have acquired the
belief that the peaceful means to secure the remedies for
the evils prove futile.
• Andres Bonifacio- Aling pag-ibig pa ang
hihigit kaya sa pagka-dalisay at pagka-dakila gaya ng
pag-ibig sa tinubuang lupa? Aling pag-ibig pa? Wala na
nga, wala.
• Apolinario Mabini- Woe to the revolution,
when the day comes, when the people, overburdened by
contributions and consumed by abuses, turn to their
enemies for salvation.
• Jose Rizal- Cunsummatum Est
67. What message did Rizal want to put
across in these words “There are no tyrants
where there are no slaves” during the
Spanish period?
A. The slaves preferred slavery to
freedom.
B. The Filipinos needed to reform
themselves.
C. There will always be tyrants.
D. There will always be slaves.
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: True meaning-
Freedom from Spain was in the
hands of Filipinos.
68. To whom did Rizal dedicate his
second novel, El Filibusterismo?
A. To the other colonies of Spain
B. Father Gomez, Burgos and
Zamora
C. To the cruel governor-Generals
D. To his fellow propagandists
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization:
• Noli Me Tangere “First Novel”-
Dedicated to the suffering of the
Filipino People
• El Filibusterismo “Second novel”-
Dedicated to GomBurZa
69. Which is the message of Rizal’s La
Indolencia del Filipino?
A. The rich natural resources and
favorable climate encourage the Filipino get-
by mentality.
B. Study well. This is the only way to go
up.
C. Rise in arms against Spain. Don’t be
lazy.
D. The Filipno’s lack of unity will
penalize them
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: Rizal’s famous writings:
• Amor Patrio- Love of the country “Longest essay”
• Sobre La Indolencia De los Filipinos- The Filipino’s
are not generally lazy
• Sa aking mga Kabata- Love of our native language
• A la Juventud Filipina- The youth is the hope of our
motherland “Crowning glory as a Young Poet”
• The young women of Malolos- Importance of
Education
• Mi Ultimo Adios- Die for the country
70. La Solidaridad is to the reformists
while is to the
Katipuneros.
A. Pahayag
B. Kalayaan
C. The Decalogue
D. La Propaganda
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: Philippine’s famous
newspapers:
• La Solidaridad- Propaganda
• Kalayaan- KKK
• Del Superioir Govierno- First
Newspaper
71. Who, after the capture of Aguinaldo, continued
to lead the resistance against the Americans by
establishing the supreme Government of the
Tagalog Archipelago and declared himself
President?
A. Mariano Sakay
B. Papa Rios
C. Maximo Hizon
D. Dominador Gomez
72. Which statement(s) hold(s) true to the
Katipunan?
A. Its political objective was the assimilation
of the Philippines by Spain.
B. It was founded by Bonifacio upon
receiving the news that Rizal would be deported to
Dapitan.
C. Its aim was merely to introduce reforms in
the country.
D. Its members belonged to the middle class.
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: A, C and D were
associated with the Propaganda
73. Where did Rizal and Bonifacio NOT
agree?
A. In the manner through which
independence from Spain.
B. In the women membership of
the Katipunan.
C. In the manner of organizing the
Katipunan.
D. In their religious convictions.
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: Rizal believes that the
Filipino’s are never ready for an armed
revolution and that a peaceful revolution
can lead to a consensus to provide
Filipino’s equal rights as of a Spaniard
while Bonifacio believed that to end
Spanish atrocities, we must gain
Independence and it can only be attained
through an armed revolution.
74. Who is remembered as the Visayan
“Joan of Arc”?
A. Teresa Magbanua
B. Agueda Esteban
C. Teodora Alonso
D. Trinidad Tecson a
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: Teresa Magbanua- Joan
of Arc of Visayas
• Gabriela Silang- Joan of Arc of
Ilocos
75. Which of the great reformists known for
his Fray Botod exposed the ignorance,
abuses and immorality of a certain friar?
A. Marcelo H. Del Pilar
B. Diego Silang
C. Graciano Lopez Jaena
D. Apolinario Mabini
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization:Marcelo Del Pilar-
Pag-ibig sa tinubuang lupa
• Apolinario Mabini- Memorias
dela Revolucion Filipinas
76. The affairs of a cooperative are
administered by persons elected or
appointed in a manner agreed by the
members. This practice complies with the
universally-accepted cooperative principle of
A. division of net surplus
B. democratic control
C. open and voluntary membership
D. limited interest in capital
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: Election is the very
essence of democracy
77. Which assumption underlies the
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program?
A. Men always work harder when they
work on that which is their own.
B. Land as a natural resource is a
public property.
C. It is a sin to be rich and a virtue to
be poor.
D. Filipinos’ dependence on landlords
is a cultural fact.
•
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: CARP Assumption: Men
always work harder when they work on
that which is their own.
• AIM: To empower people to help
themselves
78. Which do local governments enjoy in terms of
taxation?
I. Just share in the national taxes.
II. Equitable share in the proceeds of the
utilization and development of national wealth
within their respective areas.
III. Proportionate share in custom duties
A. II only
B. I only
C. I and III
D. I and II
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization:
• Section 5. Each local government unit shall have the power to
create its own sources of revenues and to levy taxes, fees and
charges subject to such guidelines and limitations as the Congress
may provide, consistent with the basic policy of local autonomy.
Such taxes, fees, and charges shall accrue exclusively to the local
governments.
• Section 6. Local government units shall have a just share, as
determined by law, in the national taxes which shall be automatically
released to them.
• Section 7. Local governments shall be entitled to an equitable share
in the proceeds of the utilization and development of the national
wealth within their respective areas, in the manner provided by law,
including sharing the same with the inhabitants by way of direct
benefits.
79. Your “paluwagan” evolved into a credit
cooperative. Together with that credit cooperative,
your school canteen has also become a
cooperative. Which type of cooperative would that
be?
A. Marketing cooperative
B. Multi-purpose cooperative
C. Credit Cooperative
D. Service Cooperative
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: TYPES OF COOPERATIVES:
• CREDIT COOPERATIVE – promotes thrift among its members
and creates funds in order to grant loan for productive and provident
purposes.
• CONSUMER COOPERATIVE – procure and distribute commodities
to members and non-members.
• PRODUCERS COOPERATIVE – undertakes joint production
whether agricultural or industrial.
• MARKETING COOPERATIVE – engages in the supply of
production inputs to members and markets their products.
• SERVICE COOPERATIVE – engages in medical and dental care,
hospitalization, transportation, etc.
• MULTIPURPOSE COOPERATIVE – combines 2 or more of the
business activities of these different types of cooperatives.
80. What percentage of the internal revenue
taxes is automatically released to local
government units as share of national
taxes?
A. 12%
B. 20%
C. 15%
D. 10%
• Answer: 40%
• Rationalization: Section 284 of Republic
Act No. 7160, the law which created the
LGUs, states that provincial, city and
municipal governments must receive 40
percent of the total national internal
revenue taxes collected by the central
government.
81. Which type of cooperative enables you
to ensure loans for procedure and providing
purposes?
A. Credit cooperative
B. Service cooperative
C. Consumers cooperatve
D. Producers cooperative
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization: TYPES OF COOPERATIVES:
• CREDIT COOPERATIVE – promotes thrift among its members
and creates funds in order to grant loan for productive and provident
purposes.
• CONSUMER COOPERATIVE – procure and distribute commodities
to members and non-members.
• PRODUCERS COOPERATIVE – undertakes joint production
whether agricultural or industrial.
• MARKETING COOPERATIVE – engages in the supply of
production inputs to members and markets their products.
• SERVICE COOPERATIVE – engages in medical and dental care,
hospitalization, transportation, etc.
• MULTIPURPOSE COOPERATIVE – combines 2 or more of the
business activities of these different types of cooperatives.
82. What do you call taxes imposed on goods
exported from or imported into a country?
A. Smuggled good fees
B. Custom duties
C. Special assessment
D. Poll Taxes
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization:
• Customs Duty- a tariff or tax imposed on goods when transported
across international borders.
• National taxes - ones paid to the government t
• National Taxes
• Capital Gains Tax- tax imposed on the proceeds from sale,
exchange, or other disposition of capital assets located in the
Philippines. Examples of sold assets that are subject to capital gains
tax include properties, stocks, pieces of jewelry, and other high-
value goods.
• Documentary Stamp Tax- imposed on documents, instruments, loan
agreements, and papers that are used as evidence of acceptance,
assignment, sale or transfer of obligation, rights, or property.
Documentary stamps are usually found on deeds of sale and bank
promissory notes, among others through the Bureau of Internal
Revenue (BIR).
• Donor’s Tax- levied on a donation or gift for the gratuitous transfer of
property between two or more persons who are both still living at the
time of transfer. Even relief goods sent for donation are charged this
type of tax.
• Estate Tax- required to be paid before an estate is transferred to the
rightful beneficiary or heir of a deceased person. This is based on a
graduated schedule of tax rate.
• Excise tax- tax on goods produced for sale and subsequently sold
within the country. It is considered an indirect tax which means the
manufacturer is supposed to recover it by adding the amount to the
selling price. Sin tax on tobacco and alcohol is an example of excise
tax.
• Income tax- imposed on all compensation and income received or
earned from practice of profession, conduct of trade in business,
and from properties.
• Percentage tax- business tax imposed on businesses not covered
by Value Added Tax and where gross annual receipts for sale of
good and services do not exceed Php750,000.
• Value Added Tax- indirect tax that is passed on to the end
consumer. It is a form of consumption tax making it the most
common tax type because all final sales are almost always charged
this tax.
• Withholding tax- tax deducted from salaries of employees and it is
the company’s responsibility to remit the same to the government.
Other kinds of withholding tax are Expanded Withholding Tax, Final
Withholding Tax, and Withholding Tax on Government Money
Payments.
• Local Taxes
• Basic Real Property Tax- tax on real properties classed as follows:
agricultural, commercial, industrial, residential, timberland, and
mineral.
• Franchise Tax- imposed by LGUs on business franchises at a rate
not more than 50% of 1% of the gross annual receipts of the
previous taxable year.
• Business of Printing and Publication Tax- collected from any
business that does printing or publication of printed materials such
as books, cards, pamphlets, posters, or tarpaulins.
• Professional Tax- collected from doctors, lawyers, engineers, and
other professionals engaged in the exercise or practice of
professions that require government examination or acquisition of
license to practice.
• Amusement Tax- tax on all forms of entertainment such as movies,
concerts, and plays. This tax is usually already included in the ticket
price.
• Community Tax- more commonly called Cedula, is required from
individuals from a base fee of Php5.00 and additional Php1.00 for
every Php1,000 income.
• Annual Fixed Tax- for Delivery Trucks and Vans amounting to
Php500 is collected by the LGU from trucks and vans which deliver
goods such as beer, soda, and/or cigarettes.
• Barangay Tax- subjected on sari-sari stores and retailers whose
annual gross sales do not exceed Php50,000 and is accrued on the
first day of January of each year.
• Barangay Clearance- paid as a legal permission for particular
individuals, hosts, or companies to conduct an event or start a
business in a barangay.
83. Do local governments have a share in
proceeds of the utilization and development of the
national wealth, like minerals, within their
respective areas?
A. Yes, only by the way of direct benefits to
local inhabitants.
B. Yes, but only local government units
belonging to the fourth and fifth class.
C. Yes, but Congress shall provide by the
law the manner by which they shall be entitled to
receive it.
D. No, local government units have already
been granted taxing power by the Constitution.
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization:
• Article 10, Section 7. Local governments shall be
entitled to an equitable share in the proceeds of
the utilization and development of the national
wealth within their respective areas, in the
manner provided by law, including sharing the
same with the inhabitants by way of direct
benefits.
84. “Uniformity in taxation” means
.
A. equality in amount
B. equality in burden
C. equity in taxation
D. equality in the total of annual
tax
• Answer: A.
• Rationalization:
• QUALITIES OF A SOUND TAX SYSTEM:
• FISCAL ADEQUACY- Taxes collected by the BIR must
be sufficient to fund the necessary government
expenditures and basic services in a fiscal year.
• ADMINISTRATIVE FEASIBILITY- Payment of taxes
must be taxpayer-friendly.
• THEORETICAL JUSTICE- The ability to pay principle. A
tax burden must be proportionate to taxpayers’ income.
• UNIFORMITY- all taxable articles or properties of the
same class shall be taxed at the same rate.
• EQUITY- the taxpayer’s ability to pay.
85. In an effort to counteract depression or
recession, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas may
A. sell government securities
B. increase the reserve equipment
C. decrease the interest rate charged
against commercial banks
D. raise the interest rate charged
against commercial banks
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: FISCAL POLICIES:
• TIGHT FISCAL POLICY (expansionary)-
The government levies more taxes, tariffs
and increases interest rates.
• LOOSE FISCAL POLICY (contractionary)-
The government lowers taxes, tariffs and
decreases interest rates.
86. Which applies correctly to Philippine foreign trade?
A. The Philippine expenditure exports and earnings
from imports fluctuate.
B. The Philippines spends more on imports than it
earns from exports.
C. The Philippines spends less on imports that it
earns from exports.
D. The Philippine expenditure on imports is
balanced with its earnings from exports.
Answer: B.
Rationalization: The Philippines has a favorable balance of
trade if the export earnings exceeded import expenses. But
we seem to be doing otherwise.
87. Which of the following is a peaceful
method of setting labor-management
disputes?
A. Publicity
B. petroleum
C. coconut products
D. machinery
Answer: A.
89. Which of the following is NOT one of the
component factors that make possible the
flow of production?
A. Land
B. Capital
C. Capitalism
D. Labor
Answer: C.
Rationalization: Productive
Resources/Factors of Production: Land,
Labor, Capital, Entrepreneurial ability
90. The total value in pesos of goods and
services produced in the Philippine economy
during the year is called .
A. Gross private domestic investment
B. net national income
C. net producer’s domestic gain
D. gross national product
• Answer: Gross Domestic Product.
• Rationalization: Measurement
(determinants) of Productivity:
• GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT-
Total value of goods and services
produced in an economy (inside the
country) in a period of time (year).
• GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT-
Total value of goods and services
produced by nationals (citizens) in a
period of time (year).
91. Which one best describes social
interaction?
A. Ability to join groups easily and
mingle with peers.
B. Acting in relation to others and
attuning responses to their responses.
C. The ability to confront.
D. Interpersonal relations in an
institutional setting.
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: The capacity of human
beings to interact with other people is the
capacity of us human being to become
sociable. Social Interaction is an exchange
between two or more individuals and is a
building block of society. Social
interaction can be studied between groups
of two (dyads), three (triads) or
larger social groups.
92. Let us assume that society is
characterized by social class conflict. During
a period of National crisis brought about by
war, class diminishes. What process is at
work?
A. Integration
B. Assimilation
C. Cooperation
D. Accommodation
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization: Social integration refers to
the principles by which individuals or
actors are related to one another in a
society; system integration refers to the
relationships between parts of a society or
social system. Despite the use of the word
integration there is no assumption that the
relationships so described are
harmonious. The terms social integration
and system integration can embrace both
order and conflict.
93. “Going doing” with the behavior,
attitude and belief of a group is
A. Integration
B. Assimilation
C. transference
D. conformity
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization:
• Transference- psychological
phenomenon in which an individual
redirects emotions and feelings, often
unconsciously, from one person to
another.
• Going doing- The conformance of a
person to the norms of a particular
society
94. By definition, in kinship-based
societies, the members of a lineage,
clan, or other kin group are usually
descendants of a .
A. dominant female
B. dominant male
C. common ancestor
D. dominant community leader
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization:
• A clan is a group of people united by
actual or perceived kinship and descent.
Even if lineage details are unknown, clan
members may be organized around a
founding member or apical ancestor.
• Apical ancestor is a
common ancestor from whom a lineage or
clan may trace its descent.
95. Which is/are characteristics of a primary
group?
A. Members with the same sex and
same development stages.
B. Frequent conflict and competition
among members.
C. Members with the same place and
residence.
D. Small group size and face-to-face
relationships.
• Answer: D.
• Rationalization:
• Social group consists of two or more people who
regularly interact and share a sense of unity and
common identity
• Primary groups are those that are close-knit.
They are typically small scale, include intimate
relationships, and are usually long lasting.
• Secondary groups have the opposite
characteristics of primary groups. They can be
small or large and are mostly impersonal and
usually short term.
96. Which of the following best defines internal
migration?
A. The movement of any large group of
people as in the Mongol invasion of Europe.
B. The movement of people within a specific
country.
C. Movement necessitated by natural
disaster.
D. The voluntary movement of any group of
peoples such as the emigration of English
colonists to New England in the 17th century.
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization:
• Migration- Movement of people
• Internal migration- refers to a change of
residence within national boundaries, such as
between states, provinces, cities, or
municipalities.
• International migration- refers to change of
residence over national boundaries. An
international migrant is someone who moves to
a different country.
97. The concept that different cultural patterns
constitute different solutions to problems and that
these patterns should be interpreted in terms of
their total context is called
A. assimilation
B. cultural relativism
C. cultural shock
D. cultural lag
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: CULTURAL CONCEPTS:
• ETHNOCENTRISM- Ones culture is superior
• XENOSENTRISM- Anything foreign is superior
• TEMPOROCENTRISM- One’s own time is important than of the
past or future
• SUBCULTURE- Distinct culture within a general culture
• COUNTER-CULTURE- Subculture which contradicts larger society
• CULTURAL RELATIVISM- Each culture should be judged based on
its merits
• CULTURE LAG- Inability to immediately adopt to another culture
• CULTURE SHOCK- Disorientation and frustration when in another
culture
• CULTURAL INTEGRATION- Adaption of mass culture
• ISOLATION- A culture continues to develop on it’s own
• DIFFUSSION- Spread of culture
98. Cases where infants were subjected to
prolonged isolation show that

A. People are born with most of the traits

they exhibit as adults
B. human beings can acquire culture without
human contract
C. human beings can not be socialized
unless they are brought up among human
D. mental-physical development does not
depend upon human contact.
Answer: D.
99. Traditional Chinese society was characterized
by all of the following EXCEPT
A. Civil service examinations
B. Practice of Shinto.
C. Patrilineal families.
D. Confucian beliefs.
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: The Shinto belief is associated
with Japan as the Japanese in their religion
“Shintoism” believes in the way of the “kami” or
way of the gods. The Imperial Family is believed
to be a direct descendant of the great sun
goddess Amaterasu.
• Answer: B.
• Rationalization: The Shinto belief is associated
with Japan as the Japanese in their religion
“Shintoism” believes in the way of the “kami” or
way of the gods. The Imperial Family is believed
to be a direct descendant of the great sun
goddess Amaterasu.
100. The following are results of the Filipino’s deep
faith in God EXCEPT
A. Courage
B. Optimism
C. Bitterness in times of Tragedy
D. Daring
• Answer: C.
• Rationalization: The Filipinos had always been
resilient. We are survivors and we smile even at
times of hardship.