SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT

WT, LA, ISOLATOR, CT,

PT, CVT

INCLUDING
MAINTENANCE ASPECT
SUBSTATION EQUIPMENT
 SURGE ARRESTOR
 CVT / PT
 LINE TRAP / WAVE TRAP
 ISOLATORS
 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
 CIRCUIT BREAKERS
 TRANSFORMERS / REACTORS
SURGE ARRESTORS
 PROTECTS SUBSTATION EQUIPMENTS FROM
TRANSIENT OVERVOLTAGES

 CONNECTED BETWEEN PHASE AND EARTH

 PROVIDES LOW RESISTANCE PATH TO

EXCESSIVE

 RATING IN PHASE TO EARTH VOLTAGE

 SURGE ARRESTORS
TYPES

 GAPPED SILICON CARBIDE SURGE

ARRESTORS

 GAPLESS ZINC OXIDE ARRESTORS

(PREFERRED THESE DAYS DUE TO
HIGHER ENERGY ABSORPTION
CAPABILITIES)
 SURGE ARRESTORS
TYPES

 MADE OF SMALL DISCS OF NON-LINEAR

RESISTANCE MATERIAL ZnO WHICH
PROVIDES LEAST RESISTANCE PATH
DURING SWITCHING SURGES OR
LIGHTENING STROKE
 SURGE ARRESTORS
PRE-COMMISSIONING TESTS

 INSULATION RESISTANCE
MEASUREMENT

 LEAKAGE CURRENT MEASUREMENT

 SURGE COUNTER CHECK

 SURGE ARRESTORS
MAINTENANCE YEARLY

 CLEANING

 LEAKAGE CURRENT MEASUREMENT

 SURGE COUNTER CHECKS

LINE TRAP
 PROVIDES HIGH IMPEDANCE TO HIGH
FREQUENCY PLCC SIGNAL

 COMBINATION OF INDUCTANCE AND

CAPACITANCE FOR BLOCKING 50 Khz-
500kHz
 LINE TRAPS
RATINGS

 INDUCTANCE IN Mh

 RATED CURRENT

 BLOCKING BANDWIDTH
 LINE TRAPS
PRE-COMMISSIONING TESTS

 INSULATION RESISTANCE
MEASUREMENT

 CONTACT RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

 LINE TRAPS MAINTENANCE
YEARLY CHECKS

 TIGHTNESS & CLEANLINESS OF LINE

TRAP INCLUDING TUNING UNIT

 TIGHTNESS OF TERMINAL CONNECTOR

CVT / PT
 BASICALLY A CAPACITANCE POTENTIAL
DIVIDER

 PROVIDED ON LINE / BUS FOR

MEASUREMENT / PROTECTION SYSTEM

 WHEN USED FOR PLCC PURPOSES CVTs

ARE USED
 CVT / PT
RATING

 RATED PRIMARY VOLTAGE

 RATED SECONDARY VOLTAGE

 RATED BURDEN OF CORES

 CAPACITANCE IN pF (FOR CVT ONLY)

 CLASS OF ACCURACY
 CVT
POWERGRID NORMS

 3 SECONDARIES (2 FOR PROTECTION

AND ONE FOR METERING)
 OUTPUT BURDEN 50 VA MINIMUM FOR
EACH SECONDARY
 3P ACCURACY CLASS FOR PROTECTION
CORES
 0.5 ACCURACY CLASS FOR METERING
CORE
 CVT / PT
PRECOMMISSIONING TESTS

 INSULATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

 CONTINUITY OF WINDING

 SECONDARY WINDING RESISTANCE

 VOLTAGE RATIO TEST

 TAN DELTA AND CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENT

 CVT
MAINTENANCE MONTHLY

 LEAKAGE OF OIL
 CVT
MAINTENANCE QUARTERLY

 MEASUREMENT OF VOLTAGES AT
SWITCHYARD MB
 CVT
MAINTENANCE YEARLY

 CHECKING OF EARTHING OF HF POINT

 DAMAGE TO BUSHING OF HF POINT

 CLEANING OF PORCELAIN INSULATOR STACKS

AND TIGHTNESS OF TERMINAL CONNECTOR

 THERMOVISION SCANNING

 CHECKING OF NEUTRAL EARTHING

 CVT
MAINTENANCE 3 YEARLY

 MEASUREMENT OF TAN DELTA AND

CAPACITANCE BETWEEN HV AND HF
POINT (TAN DELTA IS RATIO OF
RESISTIVE COMPONENT OF CURRENT
TO CAPACITIVE COMPONENT)
 CVT
MAINTENANCE 3 YEARLY

TAN DELTA LIMITS

 +0.002 W.R. T. PRECOMM VALUE (IN

THREE YEARS)
 +0.002----+0.003 (IN EACH YEAR)
 MORE THAN +0.003 (ALARMING)
 CVT
MAINTENANCE 3 YEARLY

 CAPACITANCE VARIATION LIMITS

 +/- 2% WITH RESPECT TO PRECOMM

VALUE ( 3YEARS)
 +/- 2% TO +/- 3% (1 YAER)
 +/-3% TO +/- 6 % (ALARMING)
 MORE THAN 6% (REPLACE)
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
 PROVIDED FOR MEASUREMENT OF
SECONDARY CURRENTS FOR METERING
/ PROTECTION PURPOSES

 LIVE TANK OR DEAD TANK TYPE

 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
RATINGS

 RATED CURRENT WITH EXTENDED

CURRENT LIMITS

 VA BURDEN OF SECONDARIES

 NO. OF SECONDARIES

 ACCURACY CLASS
 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
RATINGS

POWERGRID NORMS

 120% EXTENDED CURRENT RATING FOR 2000/1

TAP RATIO OTHERWISE 200%
 420 KV CT HAS 15 MIN. 200% THERMAL RATING
AT 2000/1 AND 120% CONTINUOUS
 5 NOS. SECONDARIES IN WHICH 3RD IS FOR
METERING
 ACCURACY CLASS 0.2 FOR METERING CORE
AND PS FOR PROTECTION CORES
 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
PRECOMMISSIONING TESTS

 INSULATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

 CONTINUITY TEST

 SECONDARY WINDING RESISTANCE

 POLARITY TEST

 TAN DELTA AND CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENT

 CURRENT RATIO TESTS

 MAGENTISING CURVES PERFORMANCE

 CONTACT RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
MAINTENANCE MONTHLY

 CHECK OIL LEAKAGE FROM CT

 CHECKING BELLOW FOR EXPANSION

 CHECK OIL LEAKAGE FROM SECONDARY

TERMINALS

 CHECKING HEALTHINESS OF GASKETS

 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
MAINTENANCE YEARLY

 CLEANING

 TIGHTENING OF TERMINAL
CONNECTORS AND SECONDARY
TERMINALS

 THERMOVISION SCANNING
 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
MAINTENANCE 2 YEARLY

1. TAN DELTA & CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENT

 ACCEPTABLE LIMIT FOR TAN DELTA 0.007

 INCREASE IN PRE-COMM VALUE AT 0.001 PER YEAR UPTO

0.007

 IF VALUE IS BETWEEN 0.007 TO 0.01 THEN HALF YEARLY

MONITORING

 ABOVE 0.01 REPLACE THE CT

2. NITROGEN PRESSURE CHECKING

 ISOLATORS AND
EARTH SWITCH
USED TO DISCONNECT THE
CIRCUIT OFFLINE

VERY IMPORTANT EQUIPMENT

WHICH ENSURES SAFETY DURING
MAINTENANCE
 ISOLATORS AND E/S
RATING AND TYPES

 RATED IN CURRENT CAPACITY ALONG

WITH VOLTAGE CLASS

 TYPES
HORIZONTAL CENTRE BREAK
DOUBLE BREAK
PENTOGRAPH
 ISOLATORS AND E/S
PRECOMMISSIONING TESTS

 INSULATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

 INTERLOCKS CHECKING

 OPERATING TIME

 AUXILIARY CONTACT CHECKING

 CONTACT RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

 ISOLATORS AND E/S
MAINTENANCE

 CLEANING & LUBRICATION

 TIGHTENING

 ALIGNMENT

 CONTACT RESISTANCE MESUREMENT

(ONCE IN A 4 YEARS)
THANK YOU