Hi I am O2 , you can call

me Oxygen, and I will be your guide today.

I advise you keep all feet
and handsOxygen
inside the Cell
ride at all times.

JH
You may be asking, what is the Respiratory
system? Well, the Respiratory system is
the system that helps you breath in and out,
Respiratory Intro

so oxygen (02) can be pumped through your

body and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be
removed from the blood stream. You must
remember that the Respiratory system is
made up of many different organs.

JH
Here is an overview
picture of
the Respiratory
System.
Nasal
Cavity
Throat
Nose (pharynx)
Mouth
Windpipe
(Trachea)
Bronchus
Left lungs
Bronchiole Ribs

Alveolus

Diaphragm
Now we will begin our tour.

Welcome to…
 Nasal Passage
Where are we?
Tongue
Here We Go!!!
Pharynx

Larynx(voice box)

Bronchi Tubes The Trachea

is held open
by partial
Alveoli (air-sacs) rings of
cartilage.
Thin-walled blood vessels Bronchioles pass
called capillaries air to and from
your alveoli.
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
out of the blood.
The Nose and Mouth

This is where it all begins.

This is where the oxygen first
enters your body and also where
Carbon Dioxide leaves.
 The Nose and Mouth
When the air comes into your nose it gets
filtered by tiny hairs and it is moistened by the
mucus that is in your nose.

Your sinuses also help out with your

Respiratory System. They help to moisten
and heat the air that you breath.

Air can also get into your body through your

mouth/oral cavity but air is not filtered as
much when it enters in through your mouth.
 The Nose and Mouth

Nasal Cavity

Nostril
Pharynx
Oral Cavity

Here is a picture of your nasal and

oral cavity.
 Nasal Passage
Where are we?
We are here. Tongue
Pharynx

Larynx(voice box)

Bronchi Tubes The Trachea

is held open
by partial
Alveoli (air-sacs) rings of
cartilage.
Thin-walled blood vessels Bronchioles pass
called capillaries air to and from
your alveoli.
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
out of the blood.
 Nasal Cavity

Large air-filled space above and behind

the nose. It is lined with mucuous
membrane and hair that serve as filters
to screen out dust particles into the air.
The Pharynx and Trachea

Next we will head down to your pharynx

(throat) and your trachea (windpipe).
This is where the air passes from your
nose to your bronchi tubes and lungs.
 The Pharynx and Trachea
Mouth Pharynx
(Throat)

Trachea

Your pharynx (throat) gathers air after it passes

through your nose and then the air is passed down to your trachea
(windpipe).
Structure that functions as a common passageway for food and air.
Your trachea is held open by “incomplete rings of cartillages.
” Without these rings your trachea might close off and air
would not be able to get to and from your lungs.
Cylindrical and narrow tube that serves as a passageway for
Air going in and out of the lungs.
 Nasal Passage

Where are
We? Tongue
Pharynx

We are here.
The Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchi TubesTubes is held open
by partial
Alveoli (air-sacs) rings of
cartilage.
Thin-walled blood vessels Bronchioles pass
called capillaries air to and from
your alveoli.
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
out of the blood.
The Bronchi Tubes and Bronchiole

Your trachea (windpipe) splits up into

two bronchi tubes. These two tubes keep
splitting up and form your bronchiole.
 The Bronchi Tubes and Bronchiole

Bronchi is the trachea that splits into two

smaller tubes where the lungs are attached.
It serves as an airway into the respiratory tract.
The air flows past your bronchi tubes
and into your bronchiole. These tubes
keep getting smaller and smaller until they
finally end with small air sacs (called alveoli).

-Smallest subdivision of the trachea that

connects to the tiny air sacs called
alveoli.
Alveoli and Bronchi Picture

Trachea

Bronchi Tubes

Bronchiole

Alveoli

MB
 Nasal Passage

Where are
We? Tongue
Pharynx

The Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchi Tubes
Tubes is held open
by partial
Alveoli (air-sacs) rings of
cartilage.
Thin-walled blood vessels Bronchioles pass
We
called are here.
capillaries air to and from
your alveoli.
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
out of the blood.
 THE LUNGS
sponge-like organs located in the chest cavity bounded by
the sides of the ribs and at the bottom of the diaphragm.
These are the main organs of the respiration in humans.
The Alveoli and Capillary
Network

Now we will head over to the

alveoli and what happens when the
air finally makes it down there.
 The Alveoli and Capillary Network
Your alveoli are tiny air sacs
that fill up with air/oxygen when you
breath in. These are a lot of tiny air filled sacs
Inside our lungs that are connected to bronchioles.
It is where the exchange of gasses takes place.s

Your alveoli are surrounded by

many tiny blood vessels called
capillaries.

The walls of your alveoli (and capillaries) are

so thin that the oxygen or carbon dioxide can
pass through them, traveling right into, or
out of your blood stream.
 Alveoli Picture
Here is a close Capillary
up picture of
your Alveoli
and a Capillary
surrounding it.

Wall of Carbon
the air Dioxide is
sac dropped off
Oxygen is
picked up

Red Blood
Cell
 Nasal Passage

Where are
We? Tongue
Pharynx

The Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchi Tubes
Tubes is held open
by partial
Alveoli (air-sacs) rings of
cartilage.
Thin-walled blood vessels Bronchioles pass
called capillaries air to and from
your alveoli.
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
We are here. CO2 can pass in and
MB out of the blood.
Cool pictures

JH
I
n
t
r
o
t
o
D
i
a
p
h
r
a
g
m

Now we will look at the Diaphragm.

You might be wondering, what does
the Diaphragm do? The Diaphragm
is an important factor in breathing.
-is a sheet of smooth muscles located
below the lungs.It pumps the carbon
dioxide out and pulls the oxygen gas
into the lungs.

JH
Diagram of Diaphragm

JH
 MECHANISMS OF GAS EXCHANGE

RESPIRATION

- is an overall exchange of gases (how the

body gets oxygen and gets rid of carbon
dioxide) between the atmosphere, in the blood,
and in the cells

* Breathing is just a phase in respiration

 MECHANISMS OF GAS EXCHANGE

BREATHING

- the act of taking in air (inspiration) and

out of the lungs(expiration)
- the first step in respiration
What are the four types of gas exchange systems
in animals?
INTEGUMENTARY EXCHANGE OR
CUTANEOUS RESPIRATION

GILLS

TRACHEAL SYSTEM

LUNGS
 TYPES OF RESPIRATION

EXTERNAL RESPIRATION

- transport of gases with the circulatory

system
- exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
between the air and the blood within the lungs
 TYPES OF RESPIRATION

INTERNAL RESPIRATION

- exchange of gases with body cells

- exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

between the blood and body cells
 TYPES OF RESPIRATION

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

- our body’s energy releasing process

- the process of using oxygen to break
down sugar in food to produce energy (ATP) in
cells and release carbon dioxide as a waste
product
 Key Words
• Respiratory System- The group of organs in your body that are responsible for
taking in Oxygen and breathing out the Carbon Dioxide which is the waste product
of cellular respiration.
• Oxygen-The gas that your body needs to work and function.
• Carbon Dioxide- The waste product (gas) that is produced through respiration of
people and animals.
• Nose/Nasal Cavity- Where Oxygen first enters your body. Tiny hairs help filter the
air and air is moistened and heated by your nose. Your Nose leads into your Nasal
Cavity.
• Mouth/Oral Cavity- Oxygen/air can also enter through your Mouth but it is not
filtered. Your Mouth opens up into your Oral Cavity.
• Sinus- A cavity in the bones of your skull that helps moisten and heat the air that
you breath.
• Pharynx/Throat- Gathers air from your Nasal and Oral Cavities and passes it to
your Trachea.
• Trachea/Windpipe- A tube like pathway that connects your throat to your Bronchi
Tubes and lungs. Air passes through it when it travels from the Pharynx to the
Bronchi Tubes.
 Key Words Cont.
• Bronchi Tubes- Each tube (one per lung) splits up into many smaller tubes called
Bronchiole, like branches on a tree.
• Bronchiole- Keep splitting up until they reach your Alveoli.
• Respiratory Bronchiole- The air-tubes that are actually connected to the Alveoli.
• Alveolar Duct- The final tube, which is part of the Alveoli, that leads to the air-
sacs.
• Alveolar Sac- Where the chemical change takes place and where blood cells pick
up oxygen and drop off carbon dioxide.
• Alveoli- Tiny air-sacs at the end of your Alveolar Duct. They fill up with Oxygen
and are surrounded by Capillaries.
• Capillaries- Tiny blood streams (around one cell wide) that surround your Alveoli.
They take Oxygen out of our Lungs and replace it with Carbon Dioxide, which you
later breath out.
• Diaphragm- The muscle membrane that helps you breath in and out by changing
the pressure in your chest cavity.