5G Overview

Date: 2018.4

1
Objectives

• Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

– Know the basics about 5G, from such aspects as standards,
devices, spectrum, use cases, and key solutions, etc.

2
Contents
• 5G Overview
 5G Industry Insight
 5G Use Cases
 5G Key Solutions

• 5G RAN1.0 Overview

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 5G Industry Insight

Standard Device Spectrum

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 Standard

R15 Focuses on eMBB, R16 for Full IMT-2020 Scenarios

Satisfy eMBB Universal Demands Focus on Diversified Requirements

Peak Data Rate User
Peak Data User
Experienced
Rate Experienced
Data Rate
Data Rate

Spectrum Spectrum
Area Traffic
Capacity R15 Efficiency Area Traffic
Capacity R16 Efficiency

Network Network
Energy Mobility Energy Mobility
Efficiency Efficiency

Connection Connection Latency & Reliability

Latency & Reliability
Density Density

eMBB FWA eMBB FWA uRLLC mMTC

R15 R16
NR Framework Architecture NR Improvement Vertical Digitalization
• Waveform & Channel Coding • UL&DL Decoupling • New Multiple Access • uRLLC
• Frame Structure, Numerology • CU-DU Split • eMBB Enhancement • mMTC
• Native MIMO • Self-Backhaul • D2D/ V2X
• Flexible Duplex Others: uRLLC • Unlicensed
Spectrum Spectrum
• 600MHz to 52.6GHz • Up to 100GHz

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*R15 NSA frozen in Dec. 2017, Lisbon
 Device

5G Industry Progress: 5G Smartphone Will Be Available in 2019

2017 2018 2019 2020

R15
R15 NSA R16 R17
SA
Standard

CPE CPE
Pre-Commercial Commercial 1.0
Device Smartphone

…
Deployment Scale commercial

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 Spectrum

C-band/G30/G40 Potentially Global Harmonized as New Bands

n77
n79
n78
Sub6GHz 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0
GHz
Europe
USA
China
Japan
Korea

n258 (24.25-27.5GHz)
n260 (37 – 40 GHz)
n257 (26.5 –29.5 GHz)

G30 G40
mmWave GHz
20 30 40 45
Europe 3.25 GHz 1.6 GHz 3 GHz
USA 0.85GHz 3 GHz
China 3.25 GHz 6.5 GHz
Japan 2 GHz
Korea 3 GHz
Confirmed WRC-19 candidate, global primary Mobile Service band
Likely WRC-19 candidate, not global primary Mobile Service band
TBD Not in scope of WRC-19 AI1.13
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 5G Use Cases

Video Cloud AR/VR FWA Connected Vehicle

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Currently, Two Main Types of VR in the World

Mobile VR PC VR
1 • Cardboard
• Daydream
2 • Vive
• PS VR
PC
Cord
Affordability Best VR performance
phone + $ 5~20 goggles professional use, immersive experience
Portability
wireless

Quality Affordability Portability

low end display, bad image quality HTC VIVE $ 600,- + high-end PC $ 1.000,- With cord to connect to PC
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 We are Creating the 3rd Type – Cloud VR

Cloud VR definition | Combines both mobile VR & PC

• Adds mobility
VR • Cloud rendering instead of high cost PC
• High performance & quality • Greatly improves affordability for users
PC VR
Mobile VR

3. Ultra-low latency
compression for wireless
transmission
2. Real-time CG
1. Multi-DoF motion tracking rendering on the
for immersive interactions 4.5G & 5G cloud

• FOV: 1080p–6K Retina

• Bandwidth: 100 Mbps–9.4 Gbps
• Latency: 2–10 ms 12
Fixed Wireless Access for Home Broadband

Target & Existing Gap 5G Home Access

X Gbps Throughput

Target: By 2020 50%

Households > 100Mbps
Target: By 2020 100M
Households > 100Mbps Fast TTM & ROI

Major use case for 5G

early deployment

Source: Broadband Europe Strategy 2015/ FCC 2016

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Exploring 5G New Business Opportunities

271+ 5 47+
Industry partners Research directions On-going projects

Connected Vehicles Wireless Robotics Cloud VR/AR

Connected Drones Wireless eHealth

Top 10 5G Use Cases

wirelessxlabs.com
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 5G Deployment Strategy

Architecture Coverage & Capacity

• NSA & SA • Spectrum
• CU-DU Split • UL & DL Decoupling (UL Coverage)
• 5G Massive MIMO (DL Coverage)

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 Architecture

RAN Evolution Path: NSA & SA Both Share the Same Ecosystem
NSA (Non Standalone) SA (Standalone)

EPC EPC NG CORE

S1 S1 NG-C NG-U

LTE 5G NR
LTE 5G NR

Control plane Control plane

User plane User plane

• Focus on eMBB • eMBB/uRLLC/mMTC and network slicing

• LTE as anchor, reuse current EPC, 5G NR • New Core required
quick introduction • High requirement for 5G NR coverage
• Less requirement for 5G NR coverage

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 Architecture

NSA Option 3x Provides Best Performance

Option 3 (MCG split) Option 3a Option 3x (SCG split)

Controller
EPC EPC EPC

Controller
Controller

LTE 5G NR LTE 5G NR LTE 5G NR

LTE NR LTE NR LTE NR

• PDCP split on LTE BBU • PDCP split on NR BBU

• Limited data peak rate Static offload without RAN • No impact on legacy LTE
status awareness
• Needs HW expansion • Dynamic traffic offload

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 Architecture

Voice Solution for NSA & SA

VoLTE Bears 5G Voice in NSA VoLTE & VoNR Jointly Bear 5G Voice in SA

IMS
IMS

EPC NG ore
VoNR
EPC VoLTE &
VoLTE

LTE NR LTE NR

• If voice call initiated in NR cell, VoNR will be used;

• Voice are carried on VoLTE. • If VoLTE is already exist, UE still anchor in LTE even in NR
• If no VoLTE, voice are carried by CSFB coverage;
• Inter-RAT HO when leave NR cell coverage
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 Architecture

CU-DU Split Architecture Defined by 3GPP

Core

RRC
Option 1
CU PDCP
Option 2
RLC-H
Option 3
RLC-L
Option 4
MAC-H
3GPP TSG-WG3 Meeting #95-bis DU Option 5
MAC-L
Spokane, USA, 3-7 Apr 2017. Option 6
PHY-H
Option 7
R3-171306 PHY-L
Option 8
RF

RAN3 has decided to select Option 2 (based on centralised PDCP/RRC and distributed RLC/MAC/PHY) for
normative work in Release 15.
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 Architecture

CloudRAN Solution for On-demand Deployment & Convergent Network

On-demand Deployment Convergent Network

Higher Regional Multi-Connectivity

Efficiency DC CU CP/UP separation
<50ms

Anchor
Local
CU
DC CU

<20ms
X
Access CU
DC LTE 5G 5G

< 5ms DU DU DU

Local
DU DU DU
Site

Better Enable Multi-Connectivity

Experience
VR/AR Connected Smart transport investment (10%-15% )
Car Meter
User plan latency (5-10ms)
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 Coverage & Capacity
Decoupling

From Single Band to Multi-Band Optimization Required in 5G Era

Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural

mmWave High
(TDD)
Capacity
Limited
C-Band Coverage
(TDD)

2.6GHz (T+F)

1.8GHz / 2.1GHz (FDD) Good

1400MHz (SDL)
Coverage

700MHz/800MHz/900MHz (FDD)

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 Coverage & Capacity
Decoupling

UL & DL Decoupling Enables 3.5 & 1.8GHz Co-Site & Co-Coverage

UL&DL Decoupling Extends C-band Coverage UL&DL Decoupling Adopted by 3GPP R15

UL@1.8GHz/3.5GHz

*Proposed frequency ranges

DL@3.5GHz
1920-1980MHz (UL)/3.3-3.8 GHz (DL&UL)

1710-1785MHz (UL)/3.3-3.8 GHz (DL&UL)

832-862MHz (UL)/3.3-3.8 GHz (DL&UL)

1.8GHz

880-915MHz (UL)/3.3-3.8 GHz (DL&UL)

703-748MHz (UL)/3.3-3.8 GHz (DL&UL)

3.5GHz 64T64R 1.8GHz
Coverage 880-915MHz (UL)/4.4-5.0 GHz (DL&UL)
3.5GHz Coverage Extended Coverage
1710-1785MHz (UL)/4.4-5.0 GHz (DL&UL)

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 Coverage & Capacity
Decoupling

Key Technology : UL Carrier Selection

Initial Access UL Carrier Selection Active Mode UL Carrier Selection

Measurement reporting
SS/System information@ 3.5G
Threshold for UL Selection PUSCH/PUCCH selection indication

PRACH @ 3.5GHz or 1.8GHz PUSCH @ 3.5GHz or

1.8GHz

• gNB would indicate the UL information and • UE would reports RRM information to gNB
threshold for UE UL selection • gNB would indicate UE to switch UL carrier
• UE would measure DL RSRP and select a depending on RRM (DL RSRP)
suitable carrier for UL access

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 Coverage & Capacity
Massive MIMO

5G Massive MIMO Narrow Beam Design for 3D Shaping

All Channels Beamforming for 5G NR 3D Shaping Improves H+V Coverage

64T64R(16H4V)
Horizontal Beamforming Vertical Beamforming
××××××××
××××××××
××××××××
××××××××
×××××××× 5G
×××××××× LTE Narrow
××××××××
××××××××
Wide Beamforming
×××××××× Beam
××××××××
××××××××
××××××××

• Narrow beam by massive dipoles • More precise beam & scanned area; Up to 10dB
• Beamforming for BCH, SCH, CSI-RS to improve coverage gain ( 64T64R Vs. 2T2R)
common channel coverage • Higher user SINR and Better interference control

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 Coverage & Capacity
Massive MIMO
3D Shaping Enables Flexible Coverage for Diversified Scenarios

AI Based Pattern Optimization for 3D

3D Shaping Fits for Diversified Scenarios
Shaping

Static Dynamic Low Buildings High Buildings

Horizontal beams Vertical Beams
Manual Automatic

Distributed Hotspots Long Distance Coverage

Direction Selective Beams Vertical Beams

Antenna Tilt 1°
4°

Pattern X
Y Horizon Beam Width 45°
65° Pattern Sets:
Vertical Beam Width
1000+
17°
8°
…

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Thank you

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