LESSON 5

DIVISION AND CLASSIFICATION

 Objectives
• To know and exemplify division
• To identify two general types of
division
• To distinguish division from
classification
• To give examples of classification
 Introduction
You have seen in lesson 4 that a
definition deals principally with the
meaning or connotation of a term.
Division and classification, however
deal mainly with a terms denotation of
referents.
Divide means to separate the various parts of a thing or to
resolve a whole into its part.
DIVISION
means the
breaking up
of an
individual
into its
component
parts.
CLASSIFICATION
 is the process
through which
individuals with
same common
characteristics
are grouped
together to
form a class.
1. PHYSICAL DIVISION (Real Division)
is the resolution of a thing into the natural parts which it has
independent of the mind.

2. LOGICAL DIVISION
the mind divides a logical whole unto its component parts in
as much as a universal ideal is broken into the members which
constitute its extension of denotation.

3. METAPHYSICAL DIVISION
is the division of an essence of a thing or being into a
parts.
THE IMPORTANCE OF DIVISION
Aside from definition, division is a another
method of making our ideas clear and arriving
is a better understanding of their meaning. We
used division in chemical analysis, electric
charge analysis, eyelotropic analysis,
microssopic analysis, telescopic, etc. We also
use this process when we arrange and present
our ideas in an orderly manner from the more
important to the less important. We use it
further in organizing letters and reports.
 RULES OF DIVISION
1. The same basis or foundation of division must
be observed throughout the whole process. It
must be consistent. The foundation of division is
the reason for making the process. It is an
answer to the question according to what? A
violation of this rule leads to the fallacy of cross
division.
2. It should be adequate and complete. It must be
exhaustive. All the parts of the whole that is
supposed to be divided must be enumerated. No
part may be omitted, otherwise the process
would be faulty and incomplete.
 TYPES OF CLASSIFICATION
A. Natural Classification
is when thing are classified according to their
natural or essential attributes or structure that they
manifest.

B. Artificial Classification
when things are classified purely according
conventional or arbitrary characteristics that they
exhibit.
THE IMPORTANCE OF CLASSIFICATION

 FLORENTION TIMBREZA says that

classification is a method of unification. It helps the
mind to grasp, at a glance, a great variety or
properly classified phenomena. It enables the mind
to perceive the hidden relationship of thins. It
enables us to grasp things according to their
natural or conventional structures.
GOLDEN RULE OF CLASSIFICATION
 Classify things or entitles according to their most
common essential attributes. The numerous and
important qualities possessed in common by the
individuals or units to be grasped should be the basis
of classification.
 “We must remember that man does not
belong to animal kingdom. The Bible is
clear about this that animals were created
first ( Gen. 1: 24 ) and human beings
afterwards. Man was them given by God
the power over the fish and all animals,
domestic and wild, large and small”.
THANK YOU!