REVIEW

Central Dogma

DNA Transcription RNA Translation Proteins

Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT

MUTANT

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 MUTATION
Changes in the Genetic Code

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ACTIVITY
TRANSLOCATION DELETION INVERSION

Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT

ACTIVITY
TRANSLOCATION DELETION INVERSION

Broke a part, reversed

Broke a part and attached and reinserted
it to another Broke a part it into the
chromosome. chromosome
Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT
 MUTATION
Changes in the Genetic Code

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 MUTATION

 is a natural process that

changes the DNA structure of an
organism, resulting to new
characteristics.

Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT

Causes of MUTATION

 something went wrong in the process of

replicating or forming the gametes

 environment: radiation , chemicals, high

temperatures, microbial infections
 Mutagens
Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT
Types of MUTATION

only a single gene is affected which

happen during the replication of DNA.

any change in the number or structure of

a chromosome.
Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT
Types of
CHROMOSOMAL MUTATION

occurs when a piece

of chromosome
breaks off and
attaches to another
chromosome.
Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT
Types of
CHROMOSOMAL MUTATION

refers to the loss

of segment of
DNA or
chromosome.

Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT

Types of
CHROMOSOMAL MUTATION

 involves the breakage

of a chromosome in
two places in which
the resulting piece of
DNA is reversed and
reinserted into the
chromosome.
Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT
Alagille
syndrome
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CRI DU CHAT
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CLUB FEET
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 MUTATION
Changes in the Genetic Code

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 Translocation Deletion Inversion
How many
TRANSLOCATION chromosome/s
2 1 1
is/are
involved?
Part of the Part of the
What is/are the chromosome chromosome
Part of the broke and
change/s happens are broke and
chromosome reversed and
from the original attached it to attached it again
chromosome
are omitted
another to the same
chromosome chromosome

DELETION Which condition/s

do you think
No No
result/s change/s
loss or gain of loss or gain of
of chromosome Loss of genetic
material? genetic genetic
Material
Indicate using material material
during the
INVERSION the words loss,
gain, exchange
during the
exchange
either loss or gain process process
of
genetic material.
Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT
 Does
knowledge of
molecular
genetics may
affect your
lives? How?

Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT

 Direction: Match the items in column A
with the items in column B.
Matching Type

Essay A B
1. Mutation a. Club foot
2. Mutagens b.Alagille syndrome
3. Translocation c. Down syndrome
4. Deletion d.any alteration in the DNA
5. Inversion e.environmental factors
f. Cri du chat
Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT
 Essay

•Does knowledge of molecular

genetics may affect your lives? How?
(5 pts.)

Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT

1. Research further on the other types of
chromosomal mutations and give an example
of each.
2. Read in advance about “Genetic
Engineering”.

• Reference: Internet, Science – Grade 10 Learner’s Material

pp. 290-294.
Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT
End of the
Lesson

Prepared and presented by: JOANNE G. GODEZANO, LPT