Autonomous

Region in Muslim
Mindanao
ARMM
Brief History
For the most part of Philippines' history, the
region and most of Mindanao has been a
separate territory, which enabled it to develop
its own culture and identity.
The region has been the traditional homeland
of Muslim Filipinos.
ARMM

The economy of the region is dominantly

agriculture and fishery and most of the
people are fisherfolks and farmers.
Armm region is one of the impoverish areas
in the Philippines. It has the lowest per
capita gross regional domestic product
among the Philippines’ 17 regions.
The ARMM is politically
subdivided into five (5)
provinces, two (2)
component cities, one
hundred eighteen (118)
municipalities and two
thousand four hundred fifty
nine (2,459) barangays.
The two component cities:
1. Marawi in Lanao del Sur
and
2. Lamitan in Basilan.
Basilan
is the largest and northernmost island of the Sulu
Archipelago between the Philippine islands of
Mindanao and Borneo which includes about 400
islands.
is home of three main ethnic groups :
1. Yakans
2. Tausugs and
3. Chavacanos
The Yakans and Tausugs are predominantly
Muslim, while the Chavacanos are mainly
Christian.
Languages

Zamboangueño Chavacano is the lingua franca

of Basilan, understood and spoken by nearly 80% of
the residents, both Christian and Muslim.
Tausug is also widely spoken, especially among
the Muslim tribes, and understood by approximately
70% of Basilan's population.
Cebuano/Bisaya is a preferred third tongue among
the Christian tribes and even by Muslim tribes.

Yakan, the acknowledged native dialect of Basilan,

is used primarily by Yakans, although it is also
spoken and understood by about 15%-20% of the
non-Yakan residents.
Economy
Agriculture is the main source of economic
livelihood. Basilan's major products include coconut
(primarily copra), rubber, coffee, black pepper, and
African palm oil. Other crops are palay, corn, cacao
and cassava.
Another way of life in Basilan is fishing, especially
in the Badjao and Samal communities, who live by
the coastal areas in the province. They are rich in
marine resources they also export fish and other
underwater creatures to Zamboanga and nearby
areas.
Tourist Attractions
1. Bulingan Falls, is
one of Lamitan City's
prime tourist attractions.
This 21-feet high
falls boasts of its unusual
block rock formations
with a clear stream of
water cascading into a
rock pool surrounded by
colorful flora and fauna.
Tourist Attractions
2. Datu Kalun Shrine in
Lamitan, built as a
tribute to a famous
Yakan leader, it is a
triangular park located
in the heart of Lamitan
City's bustling
downtown.
Tourist Attractions
3. Malamawi Island, is a
small inhabited island
made famous by the
long stretch of white
sandy beach.
Festivals
1.PakaradjaanFestival celebrated annually from March 1
to March 7 to commemorate the anniversary
of the Province of Basilan.
Festivals
2. Lami-Lamihan Festival is celebrated during the
Feast of St. Peter (Fiesta San Pedro) on June 29 in
Lamitan City.
Festivals
3. Cocowayan Festival,
Isabela City's annual
commemoration of its
cityhood. Each
contingent depicted the
life, culture, and history
of Isabela City through
dance movement,
colorful costumes,
elaborate props and
accessories, showcasing
the unique
characteristic of the city.
Festivals
4. Eid al-Fitr (movable)
also called the Festival of
Breaking the Fast is a
religious holiday
celebrated by Muslims
worldwide that marks
the end of Ramadan.
SULU
The home of Tausugs, “tau, "people"; sug, "sea current"
( People of the Current)
it the 16th largest island of the Philippine Archipelago in
terms of area.
The province of Sulu is predominantly agricultural
with farming and fishing as its main livelihood
activities.
Fishing is the most important industry since
the Sulu Sea is one of the richest fishing grounds in
the country.
The province also have an extensive pearl industry.
Languages

The Tausug Language is the lingua franca of Sulu.

The other local language is the indigenous Bahasa
Sama which is widely used in varied tones and
accents.
Sinama also known as Bahasa Bajau, the language
of the Bajau People in Sulu archiepelago.
Tourist Attractions
1. National Museum
branch in Sulu was once
the seat of the
Provincial Museum and
Library of Sulu. It is
located in the provincial
capital of Jolo, just a
walking distance from
the Sulu Provincial
Capitol.
Tourist Attractions
2. Quezon Beach, is located
in the town of Patikul,
Sulu. Approximately 12
kilometres from the town
of Jolo. Quezon Beach is a
paradise on its own. It
exudes a unique ambience,
which most tourists
describe as surprisingly
stunning and peaceful.
With its turquoise water
and powdery white sand, it
is a great destination for
people who love the beach
yet despise the usual party
scene.
Tourist Attractions
3. Masjid Tulay in Jolo
town is the largest and
the oldest mosque in
Sulu province. It is a
prominent landmark
in Jolo, Sulu.
Festivals
1. Rajah Baguinda Festival is celebrated every 2nd week
of August. The festival is celebrated to the essential
contribution of Rajah Baguinda in history. He led the
spread of the adoptation of Sulu Sultanate government and
Islam religion.
Festivals
2. Vinta Festival, a grand spectacle of colors adorn the seas of
Jolo, Sulu as vintas sailed off the island’s coast on February 14 for the
Vinta Festival.
TAWI-TAWI
is an island province of the Philippines, consisting of
107 islands and islets.
is subdivided into 11 municipalities with the
municipality of Bongao as the provincial capital.
is the home of the Samals and Badjaos commonly
known as “Sea Gypsies” among the Western people.
They are part of the Sama ethnic group whose
culture is closely linked to the sea.
The name of Tawi-Tawi is a projection of
the Malay word "jauh" meaning "far."
Prehistoric travelers from the Asian mainland
would repeat the word as "jaui-jaui" to mean
"far away" because of the distance of the
islands from the continent of Asia. The word
"Tawi-Tawi" was picked up to later become the
official name of the province.
LANGUAGE

The prevailing language in the province is the

indigenous Bahasa Sama which is widely used in
varied tones and accents.
 The Bajau-Sama language is also spoken, as well
as English and Tagalog
Many locals and barter traders can speak Malay and
Indonesian.
Chavacano is also spoken by Christian and Muslim
locals who maintain contacts and trade with
mainland Zamboanga Peninsula and Basilan.
Economy

Agriculture, fishing, and agar-agar, farming are

the leading source of livelihood of the people of
Tawi-Tawi, with quite a number engaged in the
barter trade business. Copra is the top agricultural
product, followed by root crops, fruits, and
vegetables.
Festivals
1. Kamahardikaan
Festival - this festival
commemorates the
foundation anniversary of
the province. Highlight of
the event include cultural
presentation that showcases
the colorful ethnic cultures
of the Sama, Badjaos, Jama
Mapuns and Tausugs.
Festivals
2. Seaweed Festival -
this Festival is also called
Agal- agal Festival (local
name for carrageen
seaweed) this symbolizes
thanks giving festivity for
its good harvest .
Festivals
3. Sheik Karimul
Makdum – this festival is
celebrated in commemoration
for his good deeds for
bringing Islam to the land.
Maguindanao
 which literally means “People of the Flood Plain”
for they primarily inhabit the broad Pulangi River
valley and delta which occasionally flood.
The name Magindanao, meaning people of the
flood plain, was given to both the people and the
island on which they live.
Economy
They are mostly rice farmers and they produce fine
brassware, malongs and mats.
They practice “kaingin” or slash and burn farming, do some
hunting and weave attractive baskets and handbags made of
“nito” and rattan.

Language
Maguindanao and Cebuano are the major dialects spoken
in the province.
Subdialects include T’boli, Manobo and Tiruray.
Tourist Attractions
1. Mount Minandar in Datu Odin Sinsuat,
Maguindanao.
Tourist Attractions
2. The historic Maliga Walay or Red House of Datu
Piang, Maguindanao
Tourist Attractions
4. The Masjid Dimaukom which is more popuparly
known as the Pink Mosque in Datu Saudi Ampatuan,
Maguindanao.
Festivals
1.Meguyaya -this is universal expression of thanksgiving
for the triumphs, abundance, prosperity or any form of
blessings they received.
Festivals
2. Inaul Festival-This colorful and vibrant
festival is observed annually on February 8 to 14.
The “inaul” is an original Maguindanaon product, a
hand woven cloth. The word inaul literally means
“weaved” in English.
Festivals

3. The Sagayan Festival, Sagayan" is a Maguindanao

word, and the war dance has always been part of
merrymakings during special occasions and
weddings among ethnic Maguindanaons. It is a
dance of nobility, gallantry, and honor. The
movements depict the ferocity of warriors and is
descriptive of the Maguindanaoans who hold the
reputation of being brave people.
The Sagayan Festival
Lanao Del Sur
 is the land of the Maranaos, “people of the
lake”this term generally referred to the native people
living around Lake Lanao.
The life of the Maranaos centers on Lake Lanao,
the second largest and deepest lake in the Philippines
and one of the most breathtakingly beautiful.
A commanding view of the lake is offered by
Marawi City, the provincial capital.
Common languages they use are Maranao and
Cebuano.
Tourist Attractions

1.Lake Lanao, it has a surface area of 340 square

kilometers (or 130 square miles), making it the largest
freshwater lake in Mindanao and the second largest in the
entire Philippines. In fact, many visitors have noted that its
size makes it look like an ocean instead of a mere lake.
Tourist Attractions

2. Aga Khan Museum, by visiting the

museum, you’ll get to see traditional
Mindanao musical instruments
(like kobing and kolintang), replicas of the
Maranao royal house called torogan and
pretty miniatures of mosques. You’ll also see
displays that are dedicated to the Moro Wars
and view weapons (such as single-edged
swords called kampilans and brass canons
called lantacans) that the early Muslims
used in fighting Spanish and American
soldiers hundreds of years ago.
2. Aga Khan Museum
Festivals
1.Eidil Adha is is celebrated after two and a half month of
Eid’l Fitr. It is in commemoration of the Islam Revolution. It
signifies the progressive realization of Islamic principles and
teachings among believers.
2. Kalilang sa Ranao a festival commemorating the charter
anniversary celebration of Marawi City Highlights of the
festival are Qur’an Reading contest, presentation of colorful
Muslim songs and dances.
Folk Dances
1. SUA-KU- SUA
 Or the pomelo tree dance, is one of the most
popular Philippine dances of the island of
Jolo,Sulu.
 It is also a Moro Folksong. Moros are Filipino
Muslims who live on the Southern Islands
of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago. They were
traditionally brave warriors. Their music and the
graceful fan dance are the essence of this
performance.
Folk Dances
2. Pangalay

A pangalay native to the Badjao, sometimes known

as the "Sea Gypsies."
Pangalay is a dance that emphasizes the agility of
the upper body. The rhythmic bounce of the shoulder
with simultaneous alternating waving of arms are the
basic movement of this dance.
 The pangalay is commonly performed at weddings
and other social gatherings.
Folk Dances
3. Burung-Talo
Origin: Tausug
A form of self defense. The dance is like
movements show a fight between a hawk and a
cat.
Folk Dances
4. Asik
Tribe: Maguindanao
Origin: Lanao del Sur
 A solo slave dance performed by the
umbrella-bearing attendant to win the favor of
her sultan master.
 The girl wears long metal fingernails and
dances and poses in doll-like motions. Asik
usually precedes a performance of Singkil.
Poems
1. Tarasul (Tausug)
Tarasul are both entertaining and
pedagogical. Topics of the tarasul are
various-nature, cooking, love, among
others.
Examples of Tarasul:
1.In ulan iban suga 2.Manggis iban buwahan
Kagunahan ha dunya Kasusuban sin katan;
Apu' Banuwa In marang iban duyan
In jambangan tulunga. Bungangkahuy manaman.

The rain and sun The mangosteen and the

Are essential on earth, lanzones
Oh, Apu' Banuwa Are the delight of
["grandfather chief" or everybody;
angel Michael] The marang and the durian
Help the garden. fruits are tasty.
Poems
2. Tubad-Tubad( shorts love poems of Maranao)

Pupulayog sa paspas ka pupugapos

Ka tulakin kong babong
Na diren pukatu akin
Ka doon kasakriti.
Kanogon si Kanogon nagkanogon si ladan ko
A pikurasal mamikir a ana palandong a dar
Na di akin mapukangud a balagong ko sa gugao
O matai kadalia
Bangkudun tatangkudun I kapanok ka sa nori
Ka apan sa sambur iyan
Na dangka kasampiroti
Ino ko di tungkudun
A papanoko so nori
A sasowar o di dapo
Kago di kasampirati.
Riddles
1. tigum-tigum or tukud-tukud( Tausugs)
Tausug tigum-tigum are either asked in casual
conversation or sung during celebrations; but in both
cases, the answer is volunteered as soon as the audience
has given up guessing. In form, they may be in quatrain
form (when sung), in rimed couplet, or in prose.
Common subjects include flora and fauna, house-hold
items, climate, topography, celestial bodies, human
anatomy, food, games, and religious practices.
Example of tigum-tigum or tukud-tukud :
1.Piyasud piyasling 2.Pay ku hangka uhayuhay
Piyasausugaring Nalatag in laum
Pasura paslinga bay.(Palitaan)
Pasa usugaringa. (Makina
pagtatahi) My grain of palay is like a
little leaf
It was entered inside and But it was able to fill the
taken outside whole house. (Lamplight)
It was zigzagged
Let it enter, take it out 3.Day kapa bud datag in
Let it zigzag. (Sewing labayan. (Laud)
machine)
You climb a mountain but its
path is plain. (Sea)
Riddles

2. Paakenala (Maguindanao)
Example :
 Magagayan o malambeg, mababa den o edtindeg.
(Aso)
Tall when sitting, Short when standing. (Dog)

 Entuden, niaden.
It is here, it is there. (Wind)
Riddles
3. Antoka ( Maranao)
Example:
Ladia sa kalasan
Ilelebeng da matai
Bangkai baraniyawa. A di ketanglan sa ig
(Riya). (Salag).

Buried but alive A cup from the forest

A corpse with a life That holds no water
(Mouse). (Nest).
Proverbs
Masaala (Tausug)
Masaala, (a word of Arabic origin represent) a
world view and a perspective on life, and are often
quoted at various times during celebrations, in
moments of joy, sadness, or disappointments.
Proverbs also serve an educational purpose, teaching
the young and the mores of Tausug society.
Examples of Tausug Proverbs
Many Tausug proverbs On the other hand,
often reveal dominant another proverb warns
ethnic characteristics. against intemperate and
For instance, hasty acts, thus:

1.Gam muti in bukug, 2. In isug ha way akkal’

ayaw in tikud-tikud. way guna’.
It is better to die Courage without
rather than run away discretion is useless.
from trouble.
Tausug proverbs also
present a world view, an
attitude towards life .
3.In tau nagbubuluk 4.In halli’ subay wajib
bihasa mahumu mangadjang ha di’
marayaw in patumu’ in ulan.
parasahan niya. One must always be
A person who works prepared to have a roof
hard often has a ready before the rain
comfortable life. falls.
Proverbs
Pananaroon (Maranao)
Example :
 “Maia ka pen sa ilag”
“ Be ashamed of small holes.”
“So sanggibo a ranron na piyatay o tadman sa
miyaka isa-isa.”
“A thousand of longing was killed by a single
remembrance.”
Prepare one half
lengthwise for
the quiz.
1. What does ARMM stands for?
2- 6.What are the 5 provinces of ARMM?
7-8. What are the two component cities of ARMM?
9. What is the largest and northernmost island of Sulu
Archipelago?
10-13. What are the three main ethnic groups of
Basilan?
14. What is the lingua franca of Basilan ?
15. What province is considered as the home of
Tausugs?
16. What is the lingua franca of Sulu?
17. What province is subdivided into 11
municipalities and consists of 107 islands?
18. What ehtnic group in Sulu Archipelago that
is known as "People of the Current?
19. What province is being known as the home
of the Samals and Badjaos?
20. What is the most popular folk dance in Jolo,
Sulu?
21. What is the term being called to Filipino Muslims
who live in the Southern Islands of Mindanao and
Sulu Archipelago?
22. A folk dance that emphasizes the agility of the
upper body and it is native to Badjao.
23. What is the Tausug term for poems?
24. What is the Maranao term for poems?
25. What is the Maranao term for riddles?
26. What province is known as the land of Maranaos?
27-30. What are the famous folk dances in the ARMM
region?