Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Microbiology
AN INTRODUCTION
EIGHTH EDITION
Figure 13.14
Release of an enveloped virus by budding
Figure 13.20
Multiplication of DNA Virus
Papovavirus 1 Virion attaches to host cell
7 Virions are released
Host cell
DNA
Capsid
Capsid proteins
mRNA
5 Late translation;
capsid proteins
are synthesized
Figure 13.15
Pathways of Multiplication for RNA-Containing Viruses
Figure 13.17
Multiplication of a Retrovirus
Reverse Capsid
Reverse transcriptase DNA
Figure 13.19
Cancer
• Infectious proteins
• Inherited and transmissible by ingestion,
transplant, & surgical instruments
• Spongiform encephalopathies: Sheep
scrapie, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and
mad cow disease
• Kuru (Tribes in New Guinea)
Prions
PrPSc
PrPc
1 2 3 4
Lysosome
Endosome
5 6 7 8
Figure 13.21
• Plant Viruses
• Plant viruses
enter through
wounds or via
insects
• Viroids
• Viroids are
infectious
RNA; potato
spindle tuber
disease
Figure 13.22
Some Plant Viruses
Table 13.6
Virus Families
• Single-stranded DNA,
nonenveloped viruses
• Parvoviridae
• Human parvovirus
• Fifth disease
• Anemia in
immunocompromised
patients
Double-stranded DNA, nonenveloped viruses
• Mastadenovirus
• Respiratory
infections in
humans
• Tumors in animals
• Viral conjuncitivitis
Double-stranded DNA, nonenveloped viruses
• Papillomavirus
(human wart virus)
• Polyomavirus
• Cause tumors,
some cause
cancer
Double-stranded DNA, nonenveloped viruses
• Orthopoxvirus (vaccinia and smallpox viruses)
• Molluscipoxvirus
• Smallpox, molluscum contagiosum, cowpox
Double-stranded DNA, nonenveloped viruses
• Hepadnavirus
(Hepatitis B virus)
• Use reverse
transcriptase to
produce DNA from
mRNA
Single-stranded RNA, + strand, nonenveloped
• Enterovirus
• Enteroviruses
include poliovirus
and coxsackievirus
• Rhinovirus
• Hepatitis A virus
Single-stranded RNA, + strand, nonenveloped
• Hepatitis E virus
• Norovirus (Norwalk
agent) causes
gastroenteritis
Single-stranded RNA, + strand, nonenveloped
• Alphavirus
• Alphaviruses
are transmitted
by arthropods;
include EEE,
WEE
• Rubivirus (rubella
virus)
Single-stranded RNA, + strand, nonenveloped
• Coronavirus
• Upper respiratory
infections
Single-stranded RNA, – strand, one RNA strand
• Vesiculovirus
• Lyssavirus (rabies
virus)
• Cause numerous
animal diseases
Single-stranded RNA, – strand, one RNA strand
• Filovirus
• Enveloped,
helical viruses
• Ebola and
Marburg viruses
Marburg kills
BBC
Single-stranded RNA, – strand, one RNA strand
• Paramyxovirus
• Morbillivirus
• Paramyxovirus causes
measles
• parainfluenza, mumps
and Newcastle disease
Single-stranded RNA, – strand, one RNA strand
• Hepatitis D virus
• Depends on
coinfection with
Hepadnavirus
Single-stranded RNA, –
strand, multiple RNA strands
• Influenzavirus
(Influenza viruses A
and B)
• Influenza C virus
• Envelope spikes
can agglutinate
RBCs
Single-stranded RNA, –
strand, multiple RNA strands
• Arenavirus
• Helical capsids
contain RNA-
containing
granules
• Lymphocytic
choriomeningitis
• VEE and Lassa
Fever
Single-stranded RNA, two RNA strands,
produce DNA
• Lentivirus (HIV)
• Oncogenic viruses
• Use reverse
transcriptase to
produce DNA from
viral genome
• Includes all RNA
tumor viruses
Double-stranded RNA, nonenveloped
• Reovirus (Respiratory
Enteric Orphan)
• Rotavirus
• Mild respiratory
infections and
gastroenteritis
• Colorado tick fever