TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTROIC ENGINEERING

Pre-defence
(21.8.2019)

Supervised by: U Kyaw Hlaing Oo Presented by: Hnin Hnin Aung

Lecturer VI-EC-27
EC Department
TU(Hmawbi)

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 Introduction
 Body Mass Index (BMI) can approximately calculate the total fats of the person
present in the body and introduced by a Belgian statistician named Adolph
Queteletin .
 Obesity is one of the major health problems , especially, in the developing
countries. Eg; Philippines.
 An estimated 500,000 Filipinos were suffering obesity in 1988.
 Obesity is also an epidemic in the United States today.
 Obesity can also impact people’s quality of life, cause disability and reduce life
expectancy.
 These conditions put people at increased risk for serious medical problems.
 So, health consciousness is becoming a factor and important in educational fields
and public area.
 Nowadays, BMI becomes a measurement model health-care professionals use for
helping predict the risk of developing disease and prevention them.
 Therefore, BMI calculator is going popular now.
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 In present thesis, BMI calculation is explained and described with formula in 3
detail.
 Cont’d

Calculation on Bluetooth
Load Cell Amplifier
Microcontroller module

Fig(1); Weight Computation Block Diagram

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Problem Statement
 In recent years, studies have shown that body fat percentage-body mass index(BMI, kg/m^2)
relationships.
 Before 1980, physicians were generally using tables for weight and height estimations.
 There were different charts for men and women with incorporated ranges of body weights for
height in inches.
 These tables were imperfect as it relied on weight only, not on the body composition.
 These didn’t give exact BMI value.
 This present BMI calculation that asks for height(m) and weight(kg) is calculated automatically
with the help of formula .
 Data is then automatically fed in the microcontroller which shows the BMI of the person on
LCD display.
 Calculating BMI has been proposed by mathematician Nick Trefethen, a Professor of Numerical
Analysis at Oxford University last January 2013.
Metric(According to SI Unit) ;

BMI = weight (kg) / [height (m)] ^ 2 ;{Current formula}

1kilogram=2.2 pound
English: BMI = weight (lb) / [height (in)] ^ 2 x 703 ;{not use in this thesis}
1metre=39.37 inches, 703=conversion factor
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 Cont’d

Fig(2); BMI Table Fig(3); BMI Chart

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Aim and objectives

Aim
 To develop a user-friendly and familiar with the used formula for the calculation of
the Body-Mass-Index (BMI).
 To know automatically calculation on microcontroller without humans calculated
formula directly.

Objectives
 To compare the BMI result for calculation both with using BMI calculator and this
formula.
 To approve the accurate, reliable and same BMI value by using both two.
 To be equal BMI results when this BMI calculator ,other online BMI calculators
and formula are calculated simultaneously.
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Methodology
 BMI calculation is calculated with the help of microcontroller.

 Load sensors and Ultrasonic Senor are used.

 Two PICs 16F887 are used with UART device and are to calculate for
height and weight.
 Master Bluetooth module requests command ‘A’ for weight to slave
module.
 Slave module waits command and calculate weight on first PIC to send
master module.

 After getting weight data at master module, another PIC calculates height
and received weight together with the same value of calculating formula.

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HX711 A/D Convertor
 Convert analog to digital.
 Input 4 channels from 4 load sensors.
 Output 4 pins for GND,DT,SCK and VCC.

Fig(4);A/D converter Fig(5); Reference PCB board layout

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 Ultrasonic Sensor(HC-SR04)

 Voltage supply(VCC).
 Trigger pulse at 10 µs.
 Sense objects, person or disturbance and reflect waves.
 Provide ultrasonic waves to Echo.
 Need to ground pin. Fig(6); Ultrasonic Sensor

Load Sensor

 To measure weight on load cells.

 To give input four sensor channels (E+,E-,A+,A-)
to the HX711.
 To input signals to the HX711 to be amplified and
converted to digital.

Fig(7); Load cell

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 PIC16F887(Microcontroller)

 Master Bluetooth Module asks for Command “A”

to slave module for weight.
 First PIC at slave module calculates weight and
converts automatically kilograms.
 Another PIC at master module gives
height(meter).
 Therefore, two PICs are used and automatically
calculates weight and height without humans
calculated formula.
 But, this values are the same with the calculating
of formula.

Fig(8); PIC 16F887

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Literature Review of BMI
 Obesity is a major public health problem and becomes an important epidemic in both
developed and developing countries.
 In France, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, and the UK , the prevalence of obesity is
exceeding.
 Because of development of new techniques, costly equipments are difficult to implement for
studies about obesity.
 BMI is commonly used as a surrogate for body fat content (Revicki and Israel
 1986, Gray and Fujioka 1991).
 The most widely used is Quetelet’s index, better known as body mass index (BMI), which is
body weight (kg) divided by height squared (m).
 Therefore, in this defense, BMI calculation is calculated based on this formula.
 Other new formulas have errors and don’t give exact information.
 Everyone can be able to study BMI and test this equipment easily and understand this
calculation.
 These mentioned factors become using this formula in calculating BMI on PIC.

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 Cont’d
 The World Health Organization defines BMI conditions as follows:

BMI less than 18.5 = Underweight(Low risk)

BMI of 18.5 through 24.9 = Normal(Moderate risk)
BMI of 25.0 through 29.9 = Overweight(High risk)
BMI of 30.0 or greater = Obese(Worst risk)

Relative Study
Marjaana Lahti-Koski
November9, 2001.
https://www.julkari.fi/.../2001...
BODY MASS INDEX AND OBESITY
AMONG ADULTS IN FINLAND
Trends and determinants
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 Proposed system blocked diagram
For weight

Bluetooth Microcontroller Power

Module 2 PIC 2 Supply

Load A/D LCD

Cell Converter Microcontroller
Display
PIC 1

Bluetooth
Module 1

Ultrasonic
Sensor
For height
Fig(9);Proposed system blocked diagram

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 Circuit diagram of BMI calculator

LCD Display
Bluetooth module Ultrasonic
Sensor

PIC 16F887

Voltage regulator

Fig(10);BMI calculator (Height Reading and Display)

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 Bluetooth Module

Voltage Regulator
XH711 A/D
Converter

PIC16F887

Weight Sensors

8/21/2019 Figure(11);BMI calculator (Weight Reading and Display) 16

 Begin

Flowchart
Read Height

Height>MIN-H
No

Yes
Send command to
Bluetooth module for weight

Wait weight data from

Bluetooth module

Yes
No
Weight>MIN-W

Calculate BMI

Display BMI data

Fig(12); Flow chart for height

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End
Flow Chart BEGIN

RRR from
Read command
Bluetooth module

NO
Command=A

Yes
Read weight from
load cell

Send weight data to

Bluetooth module

Fig(13);Flowchart for weight

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END
 Tests and results

Fitting ground, echo, trigger, VCC pins from Ultrasonic Sensor.

Fitting E+, E-, A+, A- channels from load sensor.
Weighting on load sensor and measuring height on Ultrasonic sensor
and calculating BMI result in real time.
Getting BMI value with normal status.
Output result is same to BMI formulas and online calculator.

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 E+,E-,A-,A+

Fig(14); Fitting GND, ECHO, TRG and VCC Fig(15); Circuit board before connecting load
sensor

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Fig(16); After voltage supply and fitting load sensor Fig(17); BMI and status
channels,

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Calculation between online BMI calculator and hand-writing
calculation

Calculation with formula,

Weight=56kg,
Height=153cm=1.53m
Formula=Weight(Kg)/[Height(m)]^2

=56/(1.53)^2
=23.9

Fig(18); Calculation between BMI and humans

calculated calculation

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 Conclusion

 It gives health care knowledge and notices obesity as an epidemic

throughout the developed and developing Countries .
 It came across a considerable number of studies dealing experimental
and analytical interventions have taken place.
 Calculation of BMI formula used in the PIC is easy to understand everyone
and save time.
 Moreover, the BMI results of online BMI calculator, designated BMI
calculator in this analysis and using formulas are the same.
 These prove that BMI calculation on microcontroller give the correct value
with the formula and impact to users reliable and useful practically.

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 Future Work

 To analyze the difference between the actual result of BMI calculator

and the result of weight and height of a person or an object at outside.

 To study software requirements.

 To polish the desk height.

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 Thank YOU!!!

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