Moving Vessels

Moving Vessels

Introduction Vertical Motion

01 04

Horizontal Motion Sample Problems

02 05

Inclined Motion Sample Problems

03 06

2
Introduction
 Relative Equilibrium of Liquids

Is a condition where the whole mass of liquid including the vessel in which
the liquid is contained.

There are two cases of relative equilibrium that will be discussed in this
section: rectilinear translation and rotation.

Note that if a mass of liquid is moving with constant speed, the conditions
are the same as static liquid in the previous sections

4
 Moving Vessels
(Rectilinear Transition)

HORIZONTAL MOTION
INCLINED MOTION
VERTICAL MOTION
HORIZONTAL
MOTION
HORIZONTAL MOTION

If a mass of fluid moves horizontally along a straight

line at constant acceleration a, the liquid surface
assume an angle θ with the horizontal .

7
 Horizontal Motion

Consider a mass of fluid moving with a linear acceleration a as

shown in the Figure. Considering a particle in the surface, the
forces acting are the weight W = Mg and the fictitious inertia
force (reverse effective force, REF) which is equal to Ma, and
the reaction N which must be normal to the surface.

From the force polygon shown:

tan Ɵ = REF/W
tan Ɵ = Ma/Mg

Therefore; the surface and all planes of equal hydrostatic tan Ɵ = a/g
pressure must be inclined at this angle Ɵ with the horizontal.

8
Inclined Motion
Inclined Motion

Consider a mass of fluid being accelerated

upwards at an inclination α with the horizontal
so that ax= a cosα and ay = a sinα.

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Vertical Motion
 Vertical Motion
Consider a mass of fluid accelerated upwards or
downwards with an acceleration of a as shown in the
Figure. The forces acting at a point h below the liquid
surface are the weight of the liquid above the point, ϫV,
the inertia force, Ma, and the pressure force F = pA, then,

Use (+) for upward motion and (-) for downward motion.
Note: a is positive for acceleration and negative for
deceleration.

12
Sample Problems
 An open rectangular tank mounted on a truck is 5 m long, 2 m
wide and 2.5 m high is filled with water to a depth of 2m. (a)
What maximum horizontal acceleration can be imposed on the
tank without spilling any water and (b) determine the
accelerating force on the liquid mass? (c) If the acceleration is
increased to 6m/s2, how much water is spilled out?
 Thank you!
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