Course Assessment

Quiz’s and Assignment’s 20%

Presentation 15%

Mid Term 25%

Final Exam 40%

Total = 100%
 Policies
• Turn off your cell phone during lecture
• You are responsible for what is covered in
class – even if you don’t show up
• Deficiency in attendance may lead to
termination or relegation
• You are encouraged to help each other with
your homework assignments – but you
must turn in your own work
• If you are found to be cheating, you will fail
at least the assignment / test and perhaps
the entire class
 Policies
• If you have any learning disabilities or special
needs, please let me know in advance through
email or personal meeting
• Every second lecture there will be an
Assignment which you will submit in next class
• Quizzes are unannounced
 Lecture # 1

Introducing Computer Systems

 Information Technology

 The branch of Engineering that deals with the

use of Computers and Telecommunications to
retrieve, store and transmit information

 Any computer based tool that people use to

work with information & support the
information & information processing needs
of an organization
 Information Technology

Technology
 A set of tools that enables you to work more
efficiently and effectively with information

 Rationally speaking people and information

are the most important resources within MIS,
not Technology

 Most of organizations need all three.

 Understanding Your Computer

The purpose of a computer is to process data into

information.

Information
Data • Data that has been summarized
or otherwise manipulated for use
• The raw facts and in decision making
figures that are
processed into
information
 What is Data?
Definition-1:
“A collection of raw facts that describes a
phenomenon”
Examples
– Current temperature
– Price of a movie rental
– Your age etc.

Definition-2:
“A message which source wants to communicate to the
receiver”
e.g Text, Voice, Image, movies, Music etc
 What Is Information?
Definition:
 It has the particular meaning within a specific
context

 Every surprising/new thing is information

 Reduction of redundancy in data

• For example if you are trying to decide what to

wear, the current temperature is information
because it is logical help to your decision.
 Data Vs. Information
What are data and information?

Data
Collection of raw
unprocessed facts, figures,
and symbols from various
sources

Information
Data that is organized,
meaningful, and useful
 Information Technology
A set of tools that enables
Facts us to work with information
presented in
Software
a meaningful Hardware •Application software
•Input devices e.g.MS-office S/W, media
fashion. •Output devices software, business software
•Telecommunication •System software e.g.
devices operating system software,
•Storage devices utility software

Personal Computers
Wireless Networks
Satellites
Cellular technology
videoconferencing
Internet
 Information Technology

Technical definition:

“The capability to electronically input, process,

store, output, transmit, and receive data and
information, including text, graphics, sound,
and video, as well as the ability to control
machines of all kinds electronically.”
 Dimension of Information

• Personal
Time:- Access to info when you need it and
information that describes the time period you are
considering
Location:- Access to information no matter where
you are
Form:- Information in a form that is most usable
and understandable and information that is free of
errors
e.g Audio, Text, Video, Animation, Graph,
Defective products etc
 Dimension of Information
• Organizational

Information Flows:- Up, Down, Horizontal, inward/outward

{(Strategies, goals, directives), (Current State of the

Organization), (Relation b/w Functional unites and work
teams), (Customers, Suppliers, Partners)}

What Information Describes:-

Internal (specific operational aspects)

External (Surrounding environment)
Objective (Something known)
Subjective (Something unknown)
Benefits of IT
 Benefits of IT

Speed
• Computers can perform complex calculations,
recall stored information, transmit information
from one location to another in a split of a
second.
Consistency
• A computer can perform a task the same way
every time.
 Benefits of IT
Precision
• Computers can detect minute differences that
people can not see.
• In automobile manufacturing embedded
computer system helps precise placement of a
part.
Reliability
• Reliability comes with speed, consistency and
precision
 What is a System?
• A system is…
– A set of interrelated components
– With a clearly defined boundary
– Working together
– To achieve a common set of objectives
– By accepting inputs and producing outputs
– In an organized transformation process
 Basic Functions of a System
• Input
– Capturing and assembling elements that enter the
system to be processed
• Processing
– Transformation process that converts input into
output
• Output
– Transferring transformed elements to their
ultimate destination
 What is an Information System?
• An organized combination of…
– People
– Hardware and software
– Communication networks
– Data resources
– Policies and procedures
• This system…
– Stores, retrieves, transforms, and disseminates
information in an organization
 What is an Information System?
• A system that collects, processes, stores,
analyzes, and disseminates information.

Data Calculations
Process
Collect Produce
And
Instructions Inputs Outputs
Transform Reports

Store
 IS---Examples

• Online bill payment system at a bank

• A support website of a product

• Computer system used to process orders

for a business
Management Information System (MIS)

Technical definition:

“MIS deals with the planning for

development, management, and use of
information technology tools to help people
perform all tasks related to information
processing and management.”
 What Makes Information Useful?
• It is accurate
– Free of errors
• It is complete
– Includes everything needed
• It is flexible
– Can be viewed in various
ways
• It is reliable
– Results are always
consistent
• It is relevant
– Applies to the issue under
study
• It is timely
– Available when needed
• It is verifiable
– Basis for results can be
traced
• It is accessible
– All those who need the
information can get to it
• It is secure
– Free from contamination
(accidental or deliberate)
What Should Business Professionals Know?
 Measuring IT Success

• Efficiency
– Minimize cost, time, and use of information
resources
• Effectiveness
– Support business strategies
– Enable business processes
– Enhance organizational structure and culture
– Increase customer and business value
Developing IS Solutions
Components of an IS
 Where Computers Are Used:
Education

• Teaching and
testing aid
• Learning by doing
• Computer-based
instruction
 Where Computers Are Used:
Retailing

• Bar codes for pricing

and inventory
• Shipping
 Where Computers Are Used:
Energy
• Locate oil, coal, natural gas, and uranium
• Monitor the power network
• Meter reading
 Where Computers Are Used:
Agriculture
• Billing • Feed combinations
• Crop information • Livestock breeding and
performance
 Where Computers Are Used:
Health and Medicine

• Monitor patients

• Electronic imaging

• Diagnose illnesses

• Tele-health
 Where Computers Are Used:
Robotics

• Perform jobs that are dangerous for

humans
• Factory work
 IT In Support of Business
Credit Card, Debit Card, ATM Card

Bar Code Security Access

E-commerce

On-Line Conferences
 IT In Support of Business

Operational Excellence

 Within the context of efficiency

 Doing things right
 In the least amount of time
 At the least expense
 With the fewest numbers of errors
 Optimizing the use of resources
Thank You