(ANG DI MAMINAW KAY

DI KAGRADUATE)
CHAPTER 1
The Problem and Its Setting

•Rationale
•Theoretical / Conceptual Background
•Statement of the Problem
•Significance of the Study
•Scope and Delimitation
•Definition of Terms
Reasons why I keep on mentioning “provide
more resources to your study”… “cite more” etc
Reasons why I keep on mentioning “provide
more resources to your study”… “cite more” etc
BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM
• You must not rush into gathering ideas and
information about your topic
• Spend time getting background knowledge about
the problem that triggered off your research
topic to discover its relation to the world,
particularly the experts, professionals, and
learned people about your topic.
 reading for rich background ideas is another
way to discover some theories or principles to
support your study
Research problem:
A research problem is a situation that needs a
solution for which there are possible
solutions.
-so if a situation has no possible solution,
then it makes no little or no sense expending
resources researching it
Problem statement:
• is the description of an issue currently existing
which needs to be addressed.
• It provides the context for the research study
and generates the questions which the
research aims to answer
How the Problem Differs from
Other Parts of Research
• A research problem is an educational issue or
problem in the study
• A research topic is the broad subject matter
being addressed in a study
• A purpose is the major intent or objective of
the study
• Research questions are those that the
researchers would like to be answered or
addressed in the study
 EXAMPLE:
Research Problem: The need to have a safer,
comfortable, and healthful walk or transfer of
students from place to place in the UST
campus
Research Topic: The Construction of a Covered
Pathway in the UST Campus
General Question: What kid of covered path
should UST construct in its campus?
Specific Questions:
1. What materials are needed for construction
of the covered pathway in the UST campus?
2. What roofing material is appropriate for the
covered path?
3. etc
What are the key components of
the Statement of the Problem?
3 Elements
1. The problem itself, stated clearly and with
enough contextual detail to establish why it is
important.
2. The method of solving the problem, often
stated as a claim or working thesis
3. The purpose, statement of objective and
scope of the project being proposed.
What are the key components of
the Statement of the Problem?
These elements should be brief.
One page is enough for a statement problem.
 Formulating Research Objectives:
HOW TO???
 Derive a general objective from your
research question and transform it into an
infinitive clause –

(to + verb)
Some infinitives that you can use in
formulating your research objectives:
To present To describe
To demonstrate To narrate
To clarify To explain
To identify To analyze
To determine To interpret
To discuss To assess
To compare To evaluate
To establish
Example:
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to identify the
influence and relationship between the proper
practice of the School-Based Management
policy in Busay National High School and the
school’s improvement in the school year 2017-
2018.
Another Example:
 Formulating Research Questions:
Your ability to identify your research
problem and to formulate the questions
depends on the background knowledge
you have about the topic.
RRL – requires intensive reading about your topic
- will also help you in adopting an appropriate
research method and have a thorough understanding of
the knowledge area of your research
 Formulating Research Objectives:
S -pecific
M -easurable
A -ttainable
R -ealistic
T -ime-bound
Significance of the Study
“TO WHOM ARE WE DOING THIS FOR???”
Significance of the Study
1. Refer to the statement of the problem
Your problem statement can guide you in
identifying the specific contribution of your study.

2. Write from general to specific contribution

Write the significance of the study by
looking into the general contribution of your study,
such as its importance to society as a whole, then
proceed downwards—towards its contribution to
individuals and that may include yourself as a
researcher.
Example:
Example:

Significance of the study

The study could be a very significant one in the
Philippine context. The findings could be helpful in
informing the practitioners, the local and national
authorities and all those interested in school education
on how SBM with devolution of power and authority to
school level decision-makers contributes in school
improvements. Accordingly, educational stakeholders
and practitioners are likely to benefit from the findings
of this study in the following ways: