A HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY IN THE
PHILIPPINES
Olivia C. Caoili
F I R S T
REPUBLIC
 Science and Technology
During the First Republic
There was very little
development in science and
technology during the
short-lived Philippine
Republic (1898-1900)
 TIMELINE: FIRST REPUBLIC
Universidad Literaria
de Filipinas was
established as a
secular, state- 1898
supported institution October 19
of higher learning

University was able

to hold graduation
exercises in Tarlac
when degrees in 1899
medicine and law were September 29
awarded
Universidad Literaria
de Filipinas
AMERICAN
REGIME
 Science and Technology
during the American Regime
It advanced rapidly since it
was made possible by the
simultaneous government
encouragement and support
for an extensive public
education system
 TIMELINE:AMERICAN REGIME
The Philippine Commission
promulgated Act No. 74
creating a Department of
Public Instruction in the 1901
Philippines
Philippine Medical School
was established and later
absorbed into the
University of the
Philippines. 1905
The University of the
Philippines was created by
Act of the Philippine
Legislature
1908
American colonial government
encouraged young men and
women to get higher

1910
professional education
educated as teachers,
engineers, physicians and
lawyers
 University of the College of
Philippines 1908 Agriculture in Los
Baños, Laguna in 1909

School of Forestry and

College of Education Conservatory of Music
1918 1916
College of Law in 1911
• Between 1903 and 1912, 209 men and
women were educated under Philippine
commission passed an Act to finance
this program in American schools.
After the establishment of the
University of the Philippines,
scholarships for advanced studies of
a scientific or technical nature in
American Universities were given only
in preparation for assignment to jobs
in the public service.

• The Philippine Commission introduced

science subjects and industrial and
vocational education into the
Philippine school system but they
found that industrial and vocation
courses were very unpopular with the
Filipinos
 Act No. 2076 (Private
School Act) was enacted by
the Philippine Legislature
recognizing private
schools as educational
1917
institutions
Rockefeller foundation
provided for six

1921
fellowships for qualified
Filipinos in universities
in the United States and
Europe
In Bureau of Public Works
out of 190 engineers, only
16 were Americans and 174
were Filipinos
1925
The NRCP was first
organized by the Governor
General. Its initial
funding came from the
Department of Agriculture
and commerce
1934
 In the field of
medicine, the
Philippine Commission
provided for as many
scholarships as there
were regularly
organized provinces
in the Islands. These
were awarded by the
school departments
after competitive
examinations in the
provinces.
 When the common
schools were first
established in the
Philippines under the
American regime,
family servants often
carried the pupil's
books to school.
Students generally
expressed great
distastes for any kind
of industrial work.
 Under the Philippine
Trade Relations Act
passed by the United
States Congress in
1946
1946, free trade
relations continued
until 1954, after
which it was gradually
dismantled by
decreasing duty free

1974
quotas and increasing
tariff duties, ending
in 1974.
 Basic and applied
research in the
medical, agricultural
and related sciences
received much greater
government support
during the American
regime than did
industrial research.
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING
Prepared by Group 2