Pavement Management

Asset Management Systems

What is
Transportation Asset Management?

“An ongoing process of maintaining,

upgrading, and operating physical assets
cost effectively, based on a
continuous physical inventory
and condition assessment”

Source: Act 499 of the Public Acts of 2002.

2
 New
New Roof Carpet
$10,000 $4,000

Siding
Replace
Windows $8,000
$5,000

New
Furnace Landscaping

$8,000 $3,000

3
 Asset management for a car

New Car

• Regular oil changes,

• Flush radiator

• Wash/wax regularly

• Repair paint chips

• Change belts,

• Change transmission fluid

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 Asset management for a car

Aging Car

• Charge AC

• Repaint

• Engine overhaul

• New tires

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 Asset management for a car

Old Car

• Only critical maintenance

• Only critical repair

• Not worried about auxiliary features that fail

• Keep it running until it can be replaced - minimize cost

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Not worried about scratches on this one!

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Innovative Repair Strategies

8
Pavement Management

Nuts and Bolts of Asset Management

Managing Physical Assets

Features of an Asset Management “System”

1.Inventory
2.Condition Measure
3.Prediction of Future Condition
4.Tools / Metrics for Managing Network

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Inventory – What do I own?

You can’t manage what you don’t know you own

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Inventory – What do I own?

Need data on any feature that influences:

• Cost to Replace or Maintain

• Maintenance or Rehab Treatment Options
• Influences Management Decisions
• Service Life

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Inventory – Basics

• Pavement Type
• Asphalt
• Concrete
• Sealcoat
• Composite
• How many lane miles of each?
• How wide are the lanes?
• Where are they? – Map
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Inventory – Others

• What types of roads are they? – functional class

• Maintenance history
• Funding qualification
• Curb types
• Shoulder type and width
• Presence of other utilities and general condition
• Confining structures (overpass)
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Condition– What Shape is it In?

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Condition – Picking A System

• Sustainable
• Can I afford to collect the data?
• Can my staff collect that data or do I have to hire it out?
• Can I collect enough data to give me suitable information?

• Be descriptive about the asset

• Can I make decisions about the asset from the rating?
• Can it be understood by staff?
• Can I explain it to public and elected officials?
• Is the level of data appropriate?

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Condition Rating – Types of Systems

Ordered State Ratings

Set of criteria which describe a set of discrete, ordered states.

Professional observer judges state and assigns rating.

Usually most cost effective system

Most subject to variability by rater

• PASER – Pavement Surface Evaluation and Rating

• Maintenance State “Good – Fair – Poor”

• MDOT Sufficiency Rating System

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Condition Rating – Types of Systems

Index System
Set of criteria which relates physical measurements of distress
extent and observer opinion of severity to a numeric rating.

Criteria numerically relate distresses to each other.

Usually requires sampling and reliance on statistics to apply over

large network

Index levels may not be discrete

Record of distress propagation

• PCI – Pavement Condition Index (Micropaver)

• MDOT Distress Index

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Index Rating

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Condition Rating – Types of Systems

Measurements of physical aspects

• Rutting
• Roughness
• Skid resistance
• FWD data (pavement rigidity)
• Crack frequency

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Why Rate Roads?

• Anticipate treatment windows – “When to do things”

• Condition measure – “What things to do”

• Measure of adequacy– “How did that treatment/design work?”

• Measure of network change - “Are things getting better or worse?”

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Prediction – What Shape WILL it be in?

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Predicting the Future Condition

• Past experience / Professional opinion

• Rules of thumb
• Traffic Volume
• Model historical rating data
• Forward Looking Models

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Predicting the Future

Rules of thumb
• New asphalt pavement last 14 years

• 5 years after rehab or 2 years after overlay need a crack seal

• 8 years after resurfacing need seal coat

• Overlays last 6 years

Concerns

• No calibration

• Assumptions are sensitive to error

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Predicting the Future

Traffic Volume
• Design ESALS

• Use traffic counts as measure of remaining service life

Concerns

• Assumes construction reflects design

• Hard to calibrate to meaningful intervals

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Modeling Historical Data

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Modeling Historical Data

Constrained polynomial
• Fit progressively higher order polynomials

• Constrain so fit line does not have positive slope

Curve Form Fitting

• Makes assumptions about general form

• Fits curve family to data points

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Early Estimation - Prescriptive

10
9
8
PASER RATING

7
6
5
4
3
2
1

1 5 10 15 20 25 30
Years Since Construction
Modeling Curve Form Fitting

10
9
8
PASER RATING

7
6
5
4
3
2
1

1 5 10 15 20 25 30
Years Since Construction
Polynomial Fitting

10
9
8
PASER RATING

7
6
5
4
3
2
1

1 5 10 15 20 25 30
Years Since Construction
Network Management Tools –
Getting Asset Where You Want It To Be

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Network Level Vs. Project Level

Project: Moving pieces

Network: Winning game

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Service Cycle

• How big is the network?

• How much of the network do I do work on?

• How long will it take to “touch” the entire network?

• Is this longer than the expected life of my pavement?

• EXAMPLE
• 500 lane mile road network
• Do 10 lane miles of work each year
• Takes 500/10 = 50 years to touch all of the network
• Asphalt pavement only last 15 years

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Historical Distribution

Road Rating Distribution 2004

45
40
35
30
Lane Miles

25
20
15
10
5
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PASER Rating

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Winning or Loosing?

Road Rating Distribution 2008

45
40
35
30
Lane Miles

25
20
15
10
5
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PASER Rating

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NCPP Network Condition Health

• # Of Lane Miles in your network

• Same number of RSL lost each year

• How it works . . .
• Programmed Activity (reconstruction, chip seal, etc.)
• Fix Cost (per lane mile)
• Extended Service Life (ESL)
• # of Lane Miles Fixed
• Result
• Lane Mile/ Years per Fix
• Total for Entire Network

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NCPP Process

COSTS

Reconstruction _______ Lane Miles X $300,000 = $______________

Overlay _______ Lane Miles X $80,000 = $______________

Sealcoat _______ Lane Miles X $20,000 = $______________

Crack seal _______ Lane Miles X $4,000 = $______________

TOTAL _________________

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NCPP Process

COSTS

Reconstruction _______ Lane Miles X $300,000 = $______________

Overlay 2 Lane Miles X $80,000 = $ 160,000

Sealcoat _______ Lane Miles X $20,000 = $______________

Crack seal _______ Lane Miles X $4,000 = $______________

TOTAL _________________

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NCPP Process

Lane Mile-Years Improvement

Reconstruction _______ Lane Miles X 15 Years = _________________

Overlay _______ Lane Miles X 8 Years = _________________

Sealcoat _______ Lane Miles X 4 years = _________________

Crack seal _______ Lane Miles X 1 year = _________________

TOTAL _________________

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NCPP Process

Lane Mile-Years Improvement

Reconstruction _______ Lane Miles X 15 Years = _________________

Overlay 2 Lane Miles X 8 Years = 16

Sealcoat _______ Lane Miles X 4 years = _________________

Crack seal _______ Lane Miles X 1 year = _________________

TOTAL _________________

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NCPP Network Condition Health
MI Example—625 Lane Mile Network
Programmed Fix Cost ESL # of Lane Lane Total Cost
Activity per Lane Years Miles of Fix Mile
Mile Years

Reconstruction $530,000 15 4 60 $2,120,000

Rehabilitation $170,000 14 6 84 $1,020,000

Mill & Overlay $68,000 8 5 40 $340,000

Non Struc. OvL $32,000 2 7 14 $224,000

Crack Seal $4,800 1 6 6 $28,800

204 $3,732,800

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Network Level Strategy Analysis
Using Computer Models

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Is It A Management System? GIS

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Is It A Management System?

GASB 34
• Accounting method

• Requires road assets to be reported as “cash value”

• Assets must be devalued for age or quality

• Results must be reported to federal government

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Systems Management Adoption

In order for a system to be valued and have longevity it must do the

following:

o Be part of the agencies business practice,

AND

o Work to make a necessary business practice easier,

AND

o The time spent supporting the system must be less that the
value it provides.

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 RSL Miles
Roadsoft Strategy Evaluation 15 1.40
14 4.40
13 10.37
Segments with similar RSL summed 12 13.01
by mileage 11 11.99
10 2.10
Analysis by singular pavement type 9 8.66
8 25.43
Network level (segment history lost) 7 22.45
6 10.88
5 9.54
4 1.32
3 28.11
2 43.55
1 52.34
0 11.89
 RSL 2006 2007 2008

Deterioration 15 1.40 0 0
14 4.40 1.40 0
13 10.37 4.40 1.40
12 13.01 10.37 4.40
Each Year of simulation 11 11.99 13.01 10.37
subtracts one year of RSL
10 2.10 11.99 13.01

Keeps negative RSL 9

8
8.66
25.43
2.10
8.66
11.99
2.10
categories discrete
7 22.45 25.43 8.66
6 10.88 22.45 25.43
5 9.54 10.88 22.45
4 1.32 9.54 10.88
3 28.11 1.32 9.54
2 43.55 28.11 1.32
1 52.34 43.55 28.11
0 11.89 52.34 43.55
-1 0 11.89 52.34
-2 0 0 11.89
 RSL 2 2007 2008

Treatment 0
0
6
15 1 20 0
.
• User specified treatments 4
0
• Cost
14 4 1.40 20
• “Trigger“ range .
• “Reset” range 4

•
0
Treatments only applied to 13 1 4.40 1.40
Trigger range 0

• No candidates, no treatment
.
3
7
12 1 10.37 4.40
3

{
.
0
20 MI 1
Reconstruct 11 1 13.01 10.37
1