PAINT FAULTS, BITTINESS

INCLUSIONS, EITHER
AIRBORN OR FROM
THE PAINT ITSELF.
COULD BE PARTIALLY
CURED PAINT, OUT
OF SHELF LIFE.
COATING FAULTS BLEEDING
THE SOLVENT FROM
THE TOP COAT
SOFTENS THE UNDER
LYING MATERIAL
AND ALLOWS IT TO
PASS INTO AND
THROUGH THE
LAYER, CAUSING
DISCOLOURATION.
BROWN FOR
BITUMEN, YELLOW
FOR COAL TARS.
COATING FAULTS BLISTERING

BLISTERS CAN BE FILLED WITH GAS,

LIQUID OR CRYSTALS
COATING FAULTS CHALKING

DEGRADATION OF A
BINDER DUE TO
DISRUPTIVE FACTORS
IN THE ENVIRONMENT
COATING FAULTS CISSING

CAUSED BY
INADEQUATE
SURFACE
PREPARATION.

A DIFFERENCE IN
SURFACE ENERGY
CAUSES LOCAL LACK OF
ADHESION.
COATING FAULTS CRACKING

COATING AGE AND

DIFFERENTIAL
EXPANSION
COATING FAULTS CRATERING

BOWL SHAPED
DEPRESSIONS. CAUSED
BY ESCAPING SOLVENT
OR GASES. PAINT IS OF
TOO LOW A VISCOSITY
TO FLOW AND FILL THE
DEPRESSIONS
COATING FAULTS CURTAINS, SAGS, RUNS AND TEARS

CAUSED BY OVER
APPLICATION. REMOVE
OFFENDING EXCESS
MATERIAL, LIGHTLY
ABRADE, RECOAT.
COATING FAULTS FLAKING

MATERIAL
PROGRESSIVELY
GETS BRITTLE WITH
AGE, CRACKS AND
BEGINS TO DETACH
COATING FAULTS HOLIDAYS

DEFINED AS BEING :-
A VOID, A MISS, OR
AN UNCOATED AREA
 COATING FAULTS LIFTING
CAUSED BY SOLVENT STRENGTH AND ALSO LACK OF
OBSERVANCE OF STATED OVERCOATING TIME
ORANGE PEEL

SIMILAR
APPEARANCE TO A
CITRUS FRUIT SKIN

CAUSED BY PAINT
VISCOSITY PROBLEMS
OR BY APPLICATOR
TECHNIQUE
COATING FAULTS ROPINESS

BRUSHMARKS
ALGAE AND MOULD GROWTH
COATING FAULTS WRINKLING AND
RIVELLING
 QUANTITITIVE TESTS FOR HYGROSCOPIC SALTS

MERKOQUANT TEST BRESLE SAMPLE PATCH

SALTS DETECTION, BRESLE SAMPLE PATCH KIT
 COLOUR MUNSELL AND BS 4800
L= LUMINANCE, CHROMA YELLOW THROUGH GREEN ,BLUE
a= FROM GREEN TO RED PURPLE, RED AND BACK TO YELLOW
b= FROM BLUE TO YELLOW
HEALTH AND SAFETY DRAGER TUBE AND BELLOWS
RUST GRADES
RUST GRADES
BLASTING GRADES A Sa 2.5 and Sa 3
BLASTING GRADES B Sa 1 and Sa 2
BLASTING GRADES B Sa 2.5 and Sa 3
BLASTING GRADES, COMPARISONS
BLASTING GRADES C Sa 1 and Sa 2
BLASTING GRADES C Sa 2.5 and Sa 3
BLASTING GRADES D Sa 1 and Sa 2
BLASTING GRADES D Sa 2.5 and Sa 3
 SURFACE PROFILE ASSESSMENT
SURFACE COMPARATOR TO BS 7079 Pt C, ISO 8503
SHOT BLAST
COMPARATOR. NOT TO
BE USED FOR SURFACE
CLEANLINESS. ONLY
FOR ASSESSMENT OF
SHOT BLASTED
SUBSTRATES. GRIT
BLAST COMPARATOR
CAN ALSO BE USED ON
SUBSTRATES BLASTED
WITH GRIT/SHOT MIX
 DRY ABRASIVE BLASTING
MEASURING PRESSURE AT THE NOZZLE
HYPODERMIC NEEDLE
GAUGE

INSERT THE NEEDLE

THROUGH THE HOSE
WITH THE NEEDLE
TOWARDS THE NOZZLE,
AT AN ANGLE OF APP.
45 DEGREES
 SURFACE PREPARATION
HAND AND POWER TOOL CLEANING B St 2 and St 3
 SURFACE PREPARATION
HAND AND POWER TOOL CLEANING C St 2 and St 3
 SURFACE PREPARATION
HAND AND POWER TOOL CLEANING D St 2 and St 3
SURFACE PREPARATION FLAME CLEANING
COPPER SLAG.
CONTAMINATED
COPPER SLAG.
GARNET.
METALLIC GRIT
METALLIC SHOT
METALLIC GRIT AND
SHOT MIX.
WHIRLING HYGROMETER
DENSITY THE DENSITY ( SG ) CUP
HEGMAN GRIND GAUGE
FOR FINENESS OF GRIND, DEGREE OF DISPERSION
REPLICA TAPE AND DIAL MICROMETER
ROTATIONAL VISCOMETER
–ROTOTHINNER/ Dynamic
Viscosity, Unit-Poise
KREBS STORMER VISCOMETER-Kinematic Viscosity
MECHANICAL THUMB TEST, THROUGH DRYING
FLOW VISCOSITY FORD FLOW CUP IN ITS
RETORT AND SHOWING
A FORD FLOW CUP THE 4mm DIA HOLE
VISCOSITY. FORD FLOW CUP
WET FILM MEASUREMENT
ECCENTRIC WHEEL
WET FILM THICKNESS MEASUREMENT
COMB GAUGES
ADHESION TESTS CROSS CUT ( CROSS HATCH ) TEST
SPECIAL CUTTER TOOL
DESTRUCTIVE TEST GAUGES. THE SABERG TEST DRILL
 DFT MEASUREMENTS ELECTRONIC GAUGES
ELECTROPHYSIC ELCOMETER
MINI TEST THE EXACTO 456
DRY FILM THICKNESS MEASUREMENT, MAGNETIC.
THE TINSLEY PENCIL
DRY FILM THICKNESS MEASUREMENT, MAGNETIC,
HORSESHOE GAUGE
DRY FILM THICKNESS MEASUREMENTS,
MAGNETIC COATING THICKNESS GAUGE
THE BANANA GAUGE MODEL 211

SCALE MOVES
TO THE
CURSER
DRY FILM THICKNESS MEASUREMENT
COLOUR CODED CALIBRATION SHIMS

PURPLE 25um
BLUE 50um
BROWN 125um
WHITE 250um
YELLOW 500um
nominal values
ADHESION TESTS THE HYDRAULIC ADHESION TESTER
ADHESION TESTS THE DOLLY TEST
DESTRUCTIVE TEST GAUGES THE P.I.G.
OPACITY, THE PFUND CRYPTOMETER
HIDING POWER CHARTS AND ADJUSTABLE APPLICATOR
FLEXIBILITY TEST CONICAL MANDREL
WOLFF- WILBORN PENCIL SCRATCH TEST

USES THE PENCIL

HARDNESS
RATING.