CONTENTS.

• WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY ?
• HISTORY.
• APPLICATIONS.
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCE.
 NANOTECHNOLOGY
• NANOTECHNOLOGY IS SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY CONDUCTED AT THE NANOSCALE, WHICH IS ABOUT 1
TO 100 NANOMETRES.
• IT’S THE MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS AND MOLECULES.
• IT’S THE STUDY AND APPLICATION OF EXTREMELY SMALL THINGS AND CAN BE USED ACROSS ALL THE OTHER SCIENCE
FIELDS, SUCH AS CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY, PHYSICS, MATERIALS SCIENCE, AND ENGINEERING.
• USING IT WE ARE ABLE CREATE MANY NEW MATERIALS AND DEVICES WITH A VAST RANGE OF APPLICATIONS, SUCH AS
IN MEDICINE, ELECTRONICS, BIOMATERIALS AND ENERGY PRODUCTION.
 HISTORY…
• THE IDEAS AND CONCEPTS BEHIND NANOTECHNOLOGY WAS STARTED BY PHYSICIST RICHARD FEYNMAN.
• HE DESCRIBED IT AS A PROCESS IN WHICH SCIENTISTS WOULD BE ABLE TO MANIPULATE AND CONTROL
INDIVIDUAL ATOMS AND MOLECULES.

*Richard Feynman
 APPLICATIONS.
• NANOMEDICINE.
• FOOD.
• COSMETICS.
• ELECTRONICS.
• INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS.
• NANOMEDICINE.

• NANOMEDICINE IS THE MEDICAL APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY.

• NANOMEDICINE RANGES FROM THE MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF NANOMATERIALS, TO NANOELECTRONIC

BIOSENSORS, AND EVEN POSSIBLE FUTURE APPLICATIONS OF MOLECULAR NANOTECHNOLOGY.
NANOTECHNOLGY IN TREATING CANCER
• FOOD.
• IN FOOD PROCESSING NANO-CAPSULES ARE USED TO IMPROVE BIOAVAILABILITY OF NUTRACEUTICALS IN
STANDARD INGREDIENTS SUCH AS COOKING OILS.
• NANOTUBE AND NANOPARTICLES AS GELATION AND VISCOSIFYING AGENTS.

• IN FOOD PACKAGING USING BIODEGRADABLE NANOSENSORS FOR TEMPERATURE, MOISTURE AND TIME
MONITOURING.
• ANTIBODIES ATTACHED TO FLUORESCENT NANOPARTICLES TO DETECT CHEMICAL OR FOODBORNE PATHOGENS
• IN FOOD SUPPLEMENT, NANOSIZED POWDER TO INCREASE ABSORPTION OF NUITRIENTS.
 • COSMETICS.
• HAIR PRODUCTS – USING NANOEMULSIONS TO ENCAPSULATE ACTIVE INGREDIENTS AND CARRY THEM DEEPER
INTO HAIR SHAFTS.
• SUNSCREENS – THE ZINC AND TITANIUM IN SUNSCREENS ARE “MICRONIZED”, MAKING THEM TRANSPARENT,
LESS GREASY, LESS SMELLY AND MORE ABSORBABLE INTO THE SKIN.
• PENETRATION ENHANCER - ENCAPSULATING OR SUSPENDING KEY INGREDIENTS IN SO-CALLED NANOSPHERES OR
NANOEMULSIONS, INCREASES THEIR PENETRATION INTO THE SKIN.
• ELECTRONICS.
• NANOMATERIALS ARE PLAYING A VITAL ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS
• BY MANIPULATING THE NANOSCALE STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS CAN WE CREATE COMPONENTS WITH THE
NECESSARY ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES WHICH CAN ALSO BE MADE FLEXIBLE.
• BUILDING TRANSISTORS FROM CARBON NANOTUBES TO ENABLE MINIMUM TRANSISTOR DIMENSIONS
OF A FEW NANOMETERS AND DEVELOPING TECHNIQUES TO MANUFACTURE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS BUILT
WITH NANOTUBE TRANSISTORS.
• USING SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES TO BUILD TRANSISTORS AND INTEGRATED CIRCUITS.
• INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS.
• AEROSPACE AND VEHICLE MANUFACTURERS : 1. LIGHTER AND STRONGER MATERIALS WILL BE OF
IMMENSE USE TO AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURERS, LEADING TO INCREASED PERFORMANCE.
NANOTECHNOLOGY MIGHT THUS HELP TO REDUCE THE SIZE OF EQUIPMENT AND THEREBY DECREASE
FUEL-CONSUMPTION REQUIRED TO GET IT AIRBORNE.
2. MUCH LIKE AEROSPACE, LIGHTER AND STRONGER
MATERIALS WOULD BE USEFUL FOR CREATING VEHICLES THAT ARE BOTH FASTER AND SAFER. COMBUSTION
ENGINES MIGHT ALSO BENEFIT FROM PARTS THAT ARE MORE HARD-WEARING AND MORE HEAT-RESISTANT.
• TEXTILES : 1. THE USE OF ENGINEERED NANOFIBERS ALREADY MAKES CLOTHES WATER- AND STAIN-
REPELLENT OR WRINKLE-FREE.
2. NANOTECHNOLOGY HAS BEEN USED TO INTEGRATE TINY CARBON PARTICLES MEMBRANE AND
GUARANTEE FULL-SURFACE PROTECTION FROM ELECTROSTATIC CHARGES FOR THE WEARER.

• AN IMPORTANT SUBFIELD OF NANOTECHNOLOGY RELATED TO ENERGY IS NANOFABRICATION.

• NANOFABRICATION IS THE PROCESS OF DESIGNING AND CREATING DEVICES ON THE NANOSCALE. CREATING
DEVICES SMALLER THAN 100 NANOMETRES OPENS MANY DOORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW WAYS TO
CAPTURE, STORE, AND TRANSFER ENERGY.
2 GB IN 1980S $80,000

2 GB IN 1990S $200

2 GB IN 2010 $5
 • CONCLUSION.
• AS A CONCLUSION TO THIS TOPIC I WOULD LIKE TO SAY THAT NANOTECHNOLOGY IS A BRAND NEW TECHNOLOGY THAT HAS JUST
BEGAN, IT IS A REVOLUTIONARY SCIENCE THAT WILL CHANGE ALL WHAT WE KNEW BEFORE.

• THE FUTURE THAT WE WERE WATCHING JUST IN SCIENCE FICTION MOVIES WILL IN THE NEAR FUTURE BE REAL.

• THIS NEW TECHNOLOGY WILL FIRST OF ALL, KEEP US HEALTHY BECAUSE OF NANO ROBOTS THAT WILL REPAIR EVERY DAMAGE THAT
WE HAVE IN OUR BODY.

• NANOTECHNOLOGY WILL GIVE US AN ABUNDANT ENERGY BECAUSE IT WILL TRANSFORM ENERGY MORE EFFECTIVELY.

• NANOTECHNOLOGY COVERS A LOT OF DOMAINS TODAY AND WILL COVER A LOT MORE IN THE NEAR FUTURE, IT IS INFINITELY BIG
AND WILL MAKE A LOT OF INVENTIONS COME TRUE.
 • REFERENCES.
• SURESH NEETHIRAJAN, DIGVIR JAYAS. 2009. NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR FOOD AND BIOPROCESSING
INDUSTRIES. 5TH CIGR INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL SYMPOSIUM ON FOOD PROCESSING, MONITORING
TECHNOLOGY IN BIOPROCESSES AND FOOD QUALITY MANAGEMENT, POTSDAM, GERMANY. 8 P.
• NANOTECHNOLOGY- BASIC SCIENCE AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES (2005),
WILLSON, SMITH, SIMMONS, RAGUSE, OVERSEASE PRESS.
• NANOTECHNOLOGY- PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES, S. K. KULKARNI, CAPITAL PUBLISHING CO.
 THANK YOU…
ANY QUESTIONS…???