Chapter # 01: CCTV Introduction and CCTV System Design

Introduction:
•Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) is also known as video surveillance.
•used for visual (and frequently audio) monitoring and recording in specified area.
•Used for protection
•Useful to the government
History:
•Siemens AG at Test Stand VII to observe the launching of rockets.
•Digital multiplexing During 1990.
Security Systems:
Home Security Systems:
•Control Panel.
•Door and window sensors.
•Motion sensors.
•Surveillance cameras.
•High-decibel alarms.
Types of Security Systems
•Professionally Monitored Security Systems:
professionally monitored by an alarm company
•Non-monitored Security Systems:
high-decibel alarm sounds
CCTV Systems:
•surveillance capabilities used in the protection .
•system links a camera to a video monitor using a direct transmission system.
Types of CCTV Systems:
There are two major types of CCTV Systems
1. Wired Systems
2. Wireless Systems

1. Wired CCTV Systems:

•connect the camera to the recording device and monitor with the help of cables .
•Wired CCTV Systems are mainly divided in three Categories
•1. Analog Systems
•2. Digital / Network Systems
•3. Hybrid Systems
Analog Systems:
•These Systems consists of analog cameras connected with DVR through coaxial cable.
•Components of Analog Systems are
•CCTV Cable (RG-59):
 Run each camera's cable up to 100 meter without any video loss
 consists of one video(coaxial) cable and one pair of power cable. thus the name Siamese
BNC and Power Connectors:
• Bayonet-Neil-Concelman.
• video signal over a coaxial cable
•A DC connector is an electrical connector for supplying direct current (DC) power.
DVR:
•Digital Video Recorders (DVR)
•capacity to accept video feeds and convert them to digital
•It contains software and storage unit(Hard Disk).

Types of DVR
•Embedded DVRs
•Hybrid DVRs
•PC-based DVRs
Analog Cameras:
HD-CVI :
•High Definition Composite Video Interface.
•New technology
•video was limited to 960h video resolution
AHD :
•Analog HD
•high definition video surveillance at 720p and 1080p resolutions
CVBS:
•Composite Video Blanking and Sync.
•support max. 960H video resolution.
HD-TVI:
•High Definition Transport Video Interface.
•supporting HD 720P to 3MP .
Digital / Network Systems:
•These Systems consists of Network cameras connected with NVR through Network cable.
•The main Components of Network Systems are
Cat-5 Cable (UTP):
•Universal Twisted Pair
•RJ-45 type and CAT5e

POE Switches:
•: Power over Ethernet (POE) is a technology that lets network cables carry electrical power.
 Network Cameras:
•Network cameras connect to IP-based networks.

Hybrid Systems:
•Such systems contain both analog
and Network cameras connected
together with single recorder called
the XVR recorder which have
capability to support both cameras.
Wireless CCTV systems:
•Wireless CCTV systems are increasingly becoming a popular choice among CCTV buyers on
account of the ease of installing such a system, lack of cabling requirements and assured
mobility. The key advantages are:
•
•A wireless camera can be moved to other locations requiring observation while it is difficult
to move a wired camera.
•
•Best suited for locations requiring temporary observation or in a temporary location.
•
•Wireless camera can be hidden to detect theft or pilferage
•
•Wireless recording and monitoring device need not be in the same line of sight allowing
observation of any place from another remote location.
•
•Wireless systems are cost effective, re-deployable and portable