DFD Examples

Yong Choi
BPA
CSUB
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Steps:

1. Create a list of activities

2. Construct Context Level DFD
(identifies external entities and processes)
3. Construct Level 0 DFD
(identifies manageable sub process )
4. Construct Level 1- n DFD
(identifies actual data flows and data stores )
5. Check against rules of DFD
Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Lemonade Stand Example
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example
The operations of a simple
lemonade stand will be used
to demonstrate the creation
of dataflow diagrams.
Steps:
1. Create a list of business transactions
2. Construct Context Level DFD
(identifies system and entities)
• Decomposition
3. Construct Level 0 DFD
(identifies manageable sub processes )
4. Construct Level 1- n DFD
(identifies actual data flows and data stores )
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 1. Create a list of business transactions

List all the primary business Customer Order

transactions that take place Serve Product
at a lemonade stand. Collect Payment
Produce Product
Store Product
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 1. Create a list of business transactions

Also think of the additional Customer Order

transactions needed to Serve Product
support the basic activities. Collect Payment
Produce Product
Store Product
Order Raw Materials
Pay for Raw Materials
Pay for Labor
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 1. Create a list of activities

Decompose these Sale

transactions in logical 1. Customer Order
fashion, possibly functional 2. Serve Product
areas. 3. Collect Payment

Production
1. Produce Product
2. Store Product

Procurement
1. Order Raw Materials
2. Pay for Raw Materials

Payroll
1. Pay for Labor
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 2. Construct Context Level DFD

Create a context level

diagram identifying the
Context Level DFD
system and entities.
Sales Forecast
Customer Order Order 0.0
CUSTOMER Lemonade Production Schedule EMPLOYEE
Serve Product Product Served System Pay
Collect Payment Payment Time Worked
Received Goods
Payment
Produce Product Purchase Order
Store Product
VENDOR
Order Raw Materials
Pay for Raw Materials

Pay for Labor

 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 3. Construct Level 0 DFD
Create a level 0 diagram (based on previous decomposition )
identifying the logical Level 0 DFD
subsystems that may exist.
1.0
Customer Order Sale
Customer Order Sales Forecast
Serve Product
Collect Payment Product Ordered
Payment
2.0 Production
Produce Product CUSTOMER EMPLOYEE
Production Schedule
Product Served
Store Product
Received Goods Inventory

Order Raw Materials 3.0

VENDOR Procure- Order
Pay for Raw Materials Purchase Order ment Decisions
Payment
Pay Time Worked
Pay for Labor
4.0
Payroll
 Process Decomposition
1.1 1.2
1.0
Record Receive
Sale
Order Payment

2.1 2.2 2.3

2.0
Serve Produce Store
Production
Product Product Product

0.0
Lemonade
System
3.1
3.0 3.2 3.3
Produce
Procure- Receive Pay
Purchase
ment Items Vendor
Order

4.1 4.3
4.2
4.0 Record Pay
Calculate
Payroll Time Employe
Payroll
Worked e

Context Level Level 0 Level 1

 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 4. Construct Level 1- n DFD
Create a level 1 (identifies actual data flows and data stores )
decomposing the processes Level 1 DFD
in level 0 and identifying
CUSTOMER
data stores.
Customer Order
ORDER
Request for Forecast
Customer Order
1.1
Serve Product Record
Collect Payment Order 1.3
Produce
Severed Order Sales
Produce Product Payment Forecast
Sales Forecast
Store Product
1.2
Receive PAYMENT
Payment
Order Raw Materials
Pay for Raw Materials

Pay for Labor

 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 4. Construct Level 1 (continued)
Create a level 1
decomposing the processes Level 1 DFD
in level 0 and identifying
Product Order
data stores.
ORDER
Customer Order 2.1
Serve Quantity Severed
Serve Product Product
Collect Payment RAW
Production
MATERIALS
Schedule
Produce Product 2.2
Store Product Produce Quantity Used
Product

INVENTORTY
Order Raw Materials Production Data
Pay for Raw Materials
2.3 Quantity Produced &
Store Location Stored
Pay for Labor Product
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 4. Construct Level 1 (continued)
Create a level 1
decomposing the processes Level 1 DFD
in level 0 and identifying Order Decision
PURCHASE
data stores. 3.1 ORDER
Produce
Purchase
Customer Order Order Quantity On-Hand
Serve Product RAW
Quantity MATERIALS
Collect Payment Received Received
Goods
3.2
Produce Product Receive
Items
Store Product RECEIVED
ITEMS
Payment Approval
Order Raw Materials
VENDOR
Pay for Raw Materials 3.3
Pay
Vendor
Pay for Labor
Payment
 Creating Data Flow Diagrams
Example 4. Construct Level 1 (continued)
Create a level 1
decomposing the processes Level 1 DFD
in level 0 and identifying Time Worked

data stores. 4.1 TIME CARDS

Record
Time
Customer Order Worked Employee ID
Serve Product EMPLOYEE
Collect Payment
Payroll Request
4.2
Unpaid time cards
Produce Product Calculate
Payroll
Store Product PAYROLL

Payment Approval
Order Raw Materials
4.3
Pay for Raw Materials Pay
Employe
e PAYMENTS
Pay for Labor
Payment