HIGH AND MAXIMUM CONTAINMENT LABORATORIES

OUTLINE

• Achieving Containment • NICD BSL4 Facility

– Containment Barriers – BSL4 laboratory work
– HVAC systems and Control – BSL4 facility design
– Architectural components • NICD Ebola Mobile Laboratory
– Sterilisation systems
– Facility location and assessment
• NIOH ASPIRE Facility – Laboratory setup
– Background
– Safety and functional considerations
– Facility design
 ACHIEVING CONTAINMENT

• Strategies Using:
– Inward directional airflow
– Isolation dampers
– Sealing service penetrations
– Backflow prevention
– Filtration
– Standard Operating Procedures
 CONTAINMENT BARRIERS

• Primary barriers (safety equipment)

– BSCs- all procedures
– Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
– Isolators and Ventilated Racks

• Secondary barriers (facilities)

– Design parameters to protect people surrounding the laboratory and the community
– Separate building or isolated zone
Primary Containment
– Special HVAC systems and controls

Ante Rm Lab
BSC

Sterilizer
Secondary Containment
 HVAC SYSTEMS AND CONTROL

• Room exhaust is through double HEPA filtration (BIBO safe-change housings)

• Supply air is HEPA filtered
• Supply air terminals (room) are have HEPA filters for the unlikely event of the lab going positive
• Exhaust and supply air are interlocked, with fan redundancy
• System response and control managed via a BMS
 ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS

• Stainless Steel Doors with Inflatable Door Seals

• Surface Finishes – Epoxy based (3mm Floor, Walls and Ceilings Painted with Water-based Epoxy)
 STERILISATION SYSTEMS

• Solid Waste Sterilisation – Autoclaves

• Effluent Waste Sterilisation
 NIOH ASPIRE FACILITY: BACKGROUND

• Investigation of airborne transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (and other infectious agents

within indoor environments);
• Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation fixtures are implemented to inactivate airborne pathogens such as
M.tuberculosis;
• The objective to inactivate airborne infectious agents in the upper part of the room, while
minimizing radiation exposure to persons in the lower part of the room;
• The efficacy of commercially available germicidal lamps in South Africa is not known;
• Testing will involve aerosolising M.tuberculosis in a room environment and to determine the ability
of UVGI fixtures to inactivate M. tuberculosis in the test room;
 ASPIRE FACILITY: SAFETY & FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

• Exposure to M.tuberculosis (avirulent/attenuated);

• Environmental factors such as air velocity, air mixing, and relative humidity affect the efficacy of
UVGI fixtures;
• Moveable ceiling;
• The aerosolised air sample collection and variable time intervals;
 ASPIRE FACILITY: FACILITY DESIGN

• Biosafety Level 3 (BSL3) design;

– Single-pass system with HEPA filtered exhaust;
– HEPA filtered supply air;
– Clean and dirty change rooms;
– Negative pressure cascade;
– Use of primary containment devices (Class II A2 BSC);
– Use of PAPRs;
ASPIRE FACILITY: FACILITY DESIGN
ASPIRE FACILITY: FACILITY DESIGN
ASPIRE FACILITY: FACILITY DESIGN
 NICD BSL4 FACILITY: LABORATORY WORK

• Diagnosis and Research

• Development, Production and Validation of Diagnostic Reagents and Assays
• Investigation of Emerging and Re-emerging Viral Diseases
• Training
• Developed Mobile Laboratory Unit (MLU) capacity
BSL4 FACILITY: LABORATORY DESIGN
BSL4 FACILITY: LABORATORY DESIGN
BSL4 FACILITY: LABORATORY DESIGN
BSL4 FACILITY: LABORATORY DESIGN
 NICD EBOLA MOBILE LABORATORY: SIERRA LEONE

• The NICD MLU was deployed, through the WHO-GOARN recruitment mechanism, in Sierra Leone,
Freetown on 17 August 2014 as part of WHO EVD outbreak response in West Africa.
– Aug 24: Arrival of UN delegation, including Drs. Nabaro (UN) and Fukunaga (WHO) to visit the NICD Mobile Laboratory
at Lakka Hospital, Freetown.
– Aug 25: President of the Republic of Sierra Leone Dr Ernest Bai Koroma and other governmental officials delegation
visiting the NICD MLU at Lakka Hospital.
– Aug 25: NICD MLU declared to be fully operational
MOBILE LABORATORY: FACILITY LOCATION & ASSESSMENT
MOBILE LABORATORY: FACILITY LOCATION & ASSESSMENT
MOBILE LABORATORY
 Thank you
Enterprise Building, 140 Lunnon Road, Hillcrest
Tel: +27 (0) 12 434 2500 | Email: info@enterprises.up.ac.za | Web: www.enterprises.up.ac.za

To download our free app visit enterprises.up.ac.za/mobile-app