Beruflich Dokumente
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Prof G N PUROHIT
Head, Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics,
College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Rajasthan University
of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
Genital surgeries of the female animals
Genital surgeries are infrequent in animals. The three most common
surgeries are cesarean section (all animals), Ovariohysterectomy
(bitches and cats) and Episioplasty (Caslick operation in mares).
Surgeries of the ovaries
Ovariectomy (Unilateral or bilateral)
Indications : To prevent estrus and pregnancy in cattle,
mares and bitches.
Unilateral ovariectomy for removal of ovary affected with neoplasia.
To obtain tissues for research. For ovarian hydro bursitis in camels.
Approaches: The approaches suggested for ovariectomies include flank
celiotomy (laparotomy), colpotomy (through the vagina using special
instruments K-R Spay instrument or the Wills spay instrument in
heifers) and laparoscopic ovariectomy
Ovariectomy in cows with the Wills spay instrument
inserted through vaginal stab incision
Ovariohysterectomy in the bitch
Laparoscopic ovariectomy in the bitch
“lap spay”, “keyhole spay”
Ovariectomy in the mare
Laparoscopic ovariectomy in the mare
Surgeries of the fallopian tubes
Performed rarely in animals for embryo recovery in
small ruminants or Gamete Intra-fallopian transfer
Surgeries of the uterus
Include hysterotomy (cesarean section), hysterectomy and
Ovariohysterectomy. Hysteroscopic removal of uterine cysts by Laser
Photoablation have been mentioned for mares.
Laser surgeries have also been done for removal of pelvic adhesions
Hysterectomy:
Hysterectomy is surgical removal of the uterus and is suggested for
removal of uterine tumors when it is performed on one horn
(unilateral).
Complete hysterectomies are rarely indicated in cattle and buffaloes in
cases of chronic prolapses with necrosis and gangrene of the uterus
when it is performed vaginally
Complete hysterectomies are indicated for obtaining
disease free pigs
Hysterectomy can be performed via flank laparotomy or
vaginal approach. For vaginal hysterectomy epidural
anesthesia is given and a longitudinal incision is given
on the dorsal surface of the uterus between the rows
of caruncles, the uterine arteries and veins and broad
ligaments are ligated, the vaginal end is sutured and
the uterus and possibly the ovaries are removed.
Surgeries of the cervix
Cervicotomy: done for Bandl’s ring dystocia, protracted cases of
prolapse but only in useless invaluable animals under epidural
anesthesia and one or more incisions or complete removal of cervix
is done.
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