 High data rate, DL peak rate of 100 Mbps

 high date rates for the services such as voice over IP

(VOIP), streaming multimedia, videoconferencing
 TDD and FDD
 Simplicity – flexible 20Mhz carrier
 Standardized QoS on all interface
 LTE standards was frozen in December 2008
 RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator, or the strength
of the reference signal.
 SINR: Signal-to-Noise Ratio, which compares the
strength of the signal to background noise.
 RSRP: Reference Signal Received Power, the power of
the reference signal. This is an LTE-specific drive test
parameter and is used by devices to help determine
handover points.
 RSRQ: Reference Signal Received Quality, or the quality
of the reference signal; this is in part, a ratio of RSSI to RSRP.
 Traffic Intensity(Erlangs) Traffic intensity is a measure of the
average number of calls taking place at a specific time
interval. The traffic intensity (I) is usually measured in
Erlangs. One Erlang represents a call with an average
duration of 1 hour.
 Capacity and Coverage Optimisation: It provide optimal
coverage and capacity for the radio network.
 E-UTRAN Coverage holes with isolated island cell coverage:

 E-UTRAN cells with too large coverage:

Post Deployment Optimization:
 Drive testing is a method of measuring and assessing
the coverage, capacity and Quality of Service (QoS) of
a mobile radio network.
 The technique consists of using a motor vehicle
containing mobile radio air interface measurement
equipment that can detect and record a wide variety
of the physical and virtual parameters of mobile cellular
service in a given geographical area.
Drive testing can broadly be categorized into three
distinct topics:
 Network benchmarking.
 Optimization and troubleshooting
 Service quality monitoring.
 Analyze geographical environments and check the receive levels of adjacent
eNBs.
 Adjust antenna azimuths and tilts, increase antenna height, and use high-gain
antennas.
 Deploy new eNBs if coverage hole problems cannot be resolved by adjusting
antennas.
 Increase coverage by adjacent eNBs to achieve large coverage overlapping
between two eNBs and ensure a moderate handover area. Increasing
coverage may lead to co-channel and adjacent-channel interference.
 Use RRU (Radio Remote Unit), indoor distribution systems, leaky feeders, and
directional antennas to resolve the problem with blind spots in elevator shafts,
tunnels, underground garages or basements, and high buildings.
 Analyze the impact of scenarios and terrains on coverage.
 A major issue in 4G systems is to make the high bit rates
available in a larger portion of the cell, especially to
users in an exposed position in between several base
stations. Certain components such as the circuit
switching elements are removed and Wireless LAN
connectivity is added. Mobility control, Location
management, Hand-overs, etc have to be performed
more efficiently in 4G. LTE is the technological path
followed to achieve 4G network speeds.