GROUP 2

SOCIALIZATION
& DEVIANCE
Socialization
 SOCIALIZATION
In sociology, socialization is the process of
internalizing the norms and ideologies of
society. Socialization encompasses both
learning and teaching and is thus "the
means by which social and cultural
continuity are attained". Socialization is
strongly connected to developmental
psychology.
 NATURE AND NURTURE
DEBATE
The nature versus nurture debate involves
whether human behavior is determined by
the environment, either prenatal or during
a person's life, or by a person's genes.
 EXPLAINING PERSONALITY THROUGH
SOCIALIZATION
Socialization is essential for the survival and
development of the individual and society.
Without socialization, there can be no
society. Socialization enables people to
acquire their personality.
 LOOKING-GLASS SELF
THEORY
The term "the looking glass self" was
created by American sociologist Charles
Horton Cooley in 1902, and introduced
into his own work "Human Nature and the
Social Order". It is described as, our
reflection of how we think we appear to
others. To further explain would be how
oneself imagines how other view him/her.
 The “I” and the “Me”
The 'I' and the 'me' are terms central to
the social philosophy of George Herbert
Mead, one of the key influences on the
development of the branch
of sociology called symbolic interactionism.
The terms refer to the psychology of the
individual, where in Mead's understanding,
the "me" is the socialized aspect of the
person, and the "I" is the active aspect of the
person.
 PARENTING STYLES
In the 1960s, Baumrind noticed that
preschoolers exhibited distinctly different
types of behavior. Each type of behavior was
highly correlated to a specific kind of
parenting. Baumrind’s theory is that there is
a close relationship between parenting styles
and children’s behavior, which lead to
different outcomes in the children’s lives.
• AUTHORITARIA
N
• PERMISSIVE-
INDULGENT
• NEGLECTFUL
• AUTHORITATIVE
AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
THE FAMILY
Family is the first agent of socialization.
Mothers and fathers, siblings and
grandparents, plus members of an
extended family, all teach a child what he
or she needs to know.

10
AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
SCHOOLS
Schools also serve a latent function in
society by socializing children into
behaviors like practicing teamwork,
following a schedule, and using textbooks.

11
 AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
PEER GROUPS
A peer group is made up of people who are
similar in age and social status and who
share interests. Peer group socialization
begins in the earliest years, such as when
kids on a playground teach younger children
the norms about taking turns, the rules of a
game, or how to shoot a basket.

12
 AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
THE MASS MEDIA
Mass media distribute impersonal
information to a wide audience, via
television, newspapers, radio, and the
Internet.
 DEVIANCE
In sociology, deviance describes an action
or behavior that violates social norms,
including a formally enacted rule, as well as
informal violations of social norms.
Deviance is a behavioural disposition that
is not in conformity with an
institutionalized set-up or code of conduct.
Social norms are regarded as
collective representations of
acceptable group conduct as well
as individual perceptions of
particular group conduct. They
can be viewed as cultural
products which represent
individuals' basic knowledge of
what others do and think that
they should do.
 DEVIANCE AND
CONFORMITY
“Deviance” is a concept that describes an
non-conformity to social norms, values and
civic expectations, while the “deviant” is
someone whose behaviour (notably, not
attitudes or beliefs) departs from established
moral standards. Conformity, on the other
hand, is achieved by a commitment to
dominant social norms, which is often
unconscious or unspoken.
 THEORIES OF DEVIANCE
 Criminality
 Psychological
 Labeling
 ROBERT
MERTON’S
STRAIN THEORY
 Innovative
 Ritualism
 Retreatism
 Rebellion
Deviance are often
divided into two
groups.
The first, crime, is the
violation of formally
enacted laws and is
referred to as formal
deviance. Examples
of formal deviance
include robbery,
theft, rape, murder,
and assault.
The second type of deviant behavior
involves violations of informal social norms
(norms that have not been codified into
law) and is referred to as informal
deviance. Examples of informal deviance
include picking one’s nose, belching loudly,
or standing unnecessarily close to another
person.
 Thank you!!

Thanks Punks...