Administrative System of

Islam:
1. Introduction:

 The word ‘administration’ is concerned with the service of the people.

 Public Administration is any kind of admin. In the public interest or it has

simply come to mean governmental admin. In service of the public.

 The word administration has derived from the latin words, ‘ad’ and
‘ministrae’ which means to serve.
 L.D. White, “Public administration consists of all those operations having for
their purpose, the fulfillment or enforcement of public policy.”

 It is a govt. in action for public interest.

 Public administration not only deals with planning, organizing, staffing and
budgeting of human and other resources but also covers such wide
ranging public activities as law and order, defense, social security,
education, public health, provision of justice etc. Thus, it has a
comprehensive scope.
2. Evolution of Islamic Administration:

 The officials of the Islamic state set examples par excellence to the substance of
effective administration:

i. Simplicity (No formal offices; Mosques were the centres of all religious, social,
political, and admin activities etc.)
Austerity measures, unlike the today’s lavish official buildings i.e. governor houses
etc.

ii. Religious and moral spirit in the public administration.

Fear of Allah and teachings of Prophet PBUH made the rulers felt their responsibility.
Divine help from God.
Zartaj Gul’s remarks.
 Iii. The Islamic state allows the legal ‘Ijtihad’ provided that it didn’t
contradict the principle of shariah and remains in the best interest of the
people.
3. Concept of Public Administration in
Islam:
 The general philosophy of Islamic administration is based on concept of
probity (integrity/morality), piety, justice, equality, equity, accountability,
fairness, trustworthiness and social welfare.

 The Holy Quran describes the Muslims as those who carryout the
governmental and administrative affairs by counselling among themselves.
Only those who are pious, God-fearing, just, kind and capable of
performing their task are given power to rule or undertake administrative
charges.
 In Islamic state, a ruler should observe the following functions:
i. To establish worship.

ii. To pay dues to poor.

iii. To order for good and forbid the wrong.

iv. To reduce inequity

Quota system.
 V. To serve the public.

 Vi. To redress the public grievances.

 Vii. To dispense justice impartially.

 Viii. To observe the religious duties

Leading the prayers etc.
 Ix. To chose pious, truthful and sincere men as aids.
Concept of a competent cabinet.

x. To have a strict eye and comprehensive control over governmental affairs.

xi. To frame rules for speedy and prompt public service delivery.

xii. To look after religious minorities.

Their rights are secured in an Islamic state.
 Xiii. To govern the people according to the laws of the Quran, Sunnah and
general rules of equity and justice.

 Xiv. To ensure good governance.

 Xv. To ensure across the board accountability.

No one (not even the ruler) is immune to it.
 Xvi. To establish rule of law in the land:
The notion that a king can do no wrong, is alien to Islam.

xvii. System of separation of powers: Strong checks and balances.

Independence of judiciary, sovereignty of legislation, and effectiveness of
executive.

xviii. Office of the ombudsman was established.

Prophet PBUH was the first ombudsman of the world.
4. Conclusion.