GLOBAL WARMING

ATH U L K J A M ES
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 Global warming is the term used to
describe a gradual increase in the
average temperature of the Earth's
atmosphere and its oceans.

 A change that is believed to be

permanently changing the Earth’s
climate.

 This is caused primarily by increases in

greenhouse gases such as Carbon
Dioxide (CO2) and other pollutants.
BRIEF HISTORY OF GLOBAL WARMING
 Svante Arrhenius (1859-1927) was a Swedish scientist who was the first to
claim about global warming in1896

 He proposed a relation between atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations

and temperature.

 Also found that the average surface temperature of the earth is about 15°c
because of the absorption capacity of water vapor and carbon dioxide. This is
called the natural greenhouse effect.

 In early 1960's Charles Keeling used the most modern technologies to

produce concentration curves for atmospheric CO in Antarctica and Mauna
Loa.

 These curves become the major icons of global warming. The curves showed a
downward trend of global cooling from the 1940's to the 1970's.

 In the late 1980's the curve began to increase so steeply that the global
warming theory began to win terrain fast.
BRIEF HISTORY OF GLOBAL WARMING
 In 1988 it was finally acknowledged that climate was warmer than
any period since 1880.

 The greenhouse effect theory was named and Intergovernmental

Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was founded by the United
Nations Environmental Program and the World Meteorological
Organization.
 This organization tries to predict the impact of the greenhouse effect
according to existing climate models and literature information.

 IPCC consists scientific and technical experts from more than 60

countries all over the world.

 The scientists are from widely divergent research fields including

climatology, ecology, economics, medicine, and oceanography,etc.

 The IPCC is referred to as the largest peer reviewed scientific

cooperation project in history
MAIN CAUSES
The Greenhouse Effect

 The greenhouse effect is the process by

which absorption and emission of infrared radiation by
gases in a planet's atmosphere, which warm its lower
atmosphere and surface.

 The Earth maintains a habitable temperature due to

the Greenhouse Effect, which allows heat from the sun
to penetrate our atmosphere, where it is absorbed by
the Earth’s surface and reflected back to Earth by
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

 Without it, the Earth would be a cold and hostile

planet, and uninhabitable.
 The most important greenhouse
gases are carbon dioxide, methane,
nitrous oxide and water vapor.
While all these gases occur
naturally in the atmosphere,
emissions from human sources has
caused their levels to rise to a point
that is no longer sustainable.

 Atmospheric CO2 concentrations

have risen by more than 40% since
scientists first started recording
these levels
 From 280 parts per million (ppm)
in 1958 to over 400ppm today.
IMPACTS

 Rising Sea level

 Changes in rainfall patterns
 Melting of the ice caps
 Widespread vanishing of animal populations
 Spread of disease
 Bleaching of Coral Reefs due to warming
seas and acidification due to carbonic acid
formation
 Agriculture
 Human Extinction
 Disappearing Countries
 DISCOURSE ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING
Political discussion
 Most countries in the world are parties to the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC).

 The ultimate objective of the Convention is to prevent

dangerous human interference of the climate system.

 As stated in the Convention, to create a stabilized

atmosphere where ecosystems can adapt naturally to
climate change, food production is not threatened, and
economic development can proceed in a sustainable fashion.

 The 16th Conference of the Parties (COP16) was held at

Cancun in 2010. Decided to take urgent action to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions to meet a goal of limiting global
warming.
Scientific discussion

 The scientific consensus as of 2013 stated in the

IPCC Fifth Assessment Report is that it "is
extremely likely that human influence has been the
dominant cause of the observed warming since the
mid-20th century".

 A 2008 report by the U.S. National Academy of

Sciences stated that most scientists by then agreed
that observed warming in recent decades was
primarily caused by human activities increasing the
amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

 in view of this National science academies have

called on world leaders for policies to cut global
emissions.
COMPROMISES

 Reduced consumption of fossil fuels and

minimum production of green house gases.
 search for new and effective energy
resources.
 Controlled use of natural resources and
conservation the nature.
 Search for novel solution.
 Development of non polluting cutting edge
technologies.
 Self awareness.
Now ,its all with us……?

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