Football

Soccer And Futsal

What is Football?

• is a family of team sports that involve, to varying

degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the
word football normally means the form of football that is
the most popular where the word is used. Sports
commonly called football include association
football (known as soccer in some countries); gridiro
football (specifically American football or Canadian
football); Australian rules football; rugby football
(either rugby league or rugby union); and Gaelic
football. These various forms of football are known
as football codes.
Soccer

Origin, Meaning, and Rules

What is soccer?

• a game played by two teams of eleven players with a

round ball that may not be touched with the hands
or arms during play except by the goalkeepers. The
object of the game is to score goals by kicking or
heading the ball into the opponents' goal.
Origin of Soccer

• Although soccer's international governing body, the

International Federation of Association Football,
recognizes the birth of the modern game as 1863 in
England, the deepest origins go back centuries. The Han
Dynasty in the second century B.C. saw the emergence of
a game similar to soccer called tsu' chu. Several centuries
after that, the Japanese game Kemari began. Kemari was
less competitive, with participants passing the ball from
one another using their feet, trying to keep it from
touching the ground. Much later, a violent town game
emerged called mob football in Europe during the Middle
Ages.
Premise and Rules

• The game of soccer is built around the pursuit of

scoring goals. Teams move the the ball up and down
the field in an attempt to kick it within the goal, a
framework that measures 8 feet in height and 24 feet
in width at the professional level. The player guarding
the goal, the goalkeeper, is the only player on a team
typically allowed to touch the ball with his hands.
Except during a throw-in, the other players must use
their feet, knees, head and chest to control and
advance the ball. A regulation game is played in two
45-minute halves.
Players and Boundaries

• Eleven players, including the goalkeeper, are allowed

on the field at one time for each team. These players
must keep the ball in play on a rectangular field that
measures between 100 and 130 yards in length and
50 and 100 yards in width. The builders of an
individual stadium or field determine the dimensions
for their facility based on how close they want the
fans to the field, the style of game -- a smaller field
provides greater advantage to the technical, rather
than fast, players -- and the attendance capacity they
hope to manage.
Corner, Penalty, and free kicks
• If the ball crosses the goal line -- the line creating the width of the field -- and the
defense touches it last, its opponents are allowed a corner kick. On a corner kick, the
ball is placed within an arc laid out at one of the two corners on the side where it went
out. A player from the offensive team kicks it from there, typically aiming it to an area in
front of the goal in the hope that one of his players can deflect it into the goal for a
score.
• Fouls and penalties committed by one team can lead to penalty kicks for the opposing
team. This occurs when a foul is committed inside the penalty area -- anywhere 18
yards and in from the goal line -- and the player suffering the foul receives a penalty
kick. For such a kick, the ball is placed 12 yards from the goal line and the fouled player
kicks toward the goal, facing the goalkeeper only -- a great chance to score.
• Free kicks occur when a foul is committed -- usually a player tripping or pushing an
opponent inside the penalty area. This type of kick does not feature the one-on-one
matchup against the goalkeeper. Instead, the opposing team may line its players up no
closer than 10 yards from the ball. If the referee determines that the free kick should be
a direct free kick, the player taking the free kick may kick the ball in the goal without
having it touch another player first. An indirect free kick must touch another player
before going in the goal. The type of free kick is determined by the nature of the foul.
Futsal

Origin, Meaning, and Rules

What is Futsal?

• also known as fútsal or footsal is a variant of association

football played on a hard court, smaller than a football
pitch, and mainly indoors. It features similarities to five-a-
side football.
• is played between two teams of five players each, one of
whom is the goalkeeper. Unlimited substitutions are
permitted. Unlike some other forms of indoor football,
the game is played on a hard court surface delimited by
lines; walls or boards are not used. Futsal is also played
with a smaller, harder, low-bounce ball. The surface, ball
and rules together favour ball control and passing in
small spaces. The game's "emphasis is on improvisation,
creativity and technique."
Origin of Futsal

• "Futsal" started in 1930 when Juan Carlos Ceriani, a teacher

in Montevideo, Uruguay, created a version of indoor football for recreation
in YMCAs. This new sport was originally developed for playing on basketball
courts,[ and a rule book was published in September 1933. Football was already
highly popular in the country and after Uruguay won the 1930 World Cup and gold
medals in the 1924 and 1928 Summer Olympics, it attracted even more
practitioners. Ceriani's goal was to create a team game that could be played indoor
or outdoor but that was similar to football.
• Ceriani, writing the rule book, took as examples the principles of football (the
possibility to touch the ball with every part of the body except for the hands), and
he took rules from other sports too: from basketball the number of team players
(five) and the game duration (40 actual minutes); from water polo the rules about
the goalkeeper; from team handball for the field and goal sizes.
• The YMCA spread the game immediately throughout South America. It was easily
played by everyone, everywhere, and in any weather condition, without any
difficulty, helping players to stay in shape all year round. These reasons convinced
João Lotufo, a Brazilian, to bring this game to his country and adapt it to the needs
of physical education.
Origin of Futsal

• Initially, the rules were not uniform. In 1956, the rules were
modified by Habib Maphuz and Luiz Gonzaga de Oliveira
Fernandes within the YMCA of São Paulo, Brazil to allow
seniors to compete. Luiz de Oliveira wrote the Book of Rules of
Fuitsal in 1956, then adopted also at the international level.
• In 1965, the Confederación Sudamericana de Fútbol de
Salón (South American Futsal Confederation) was formed,
consisting of Uruguay, Paraguay, Peru, Argentina and Brazil.
• Shortly after, a unique tournament was organized. It attracted
some interest in South American media, which regularly
began to follow futsal. In particular, it was the journalist José
Antônio Inglêz who passionately contributed to the rapid
spread of the game, as well as being credited as the man who
coined the name “futsal” to define the sport.
Summary of Rules

• Length of the field - minimum 25 m × 16 m (82 ft × 52 ft), maximum 42 m

× 25 m (138 ft × 82 ft).
• Ball Size- 4, circumference 62–64 cm (24–25 in), weight between 400–
440 g (14–16 oz) at the start of the game. Dropped from a height of 2 m
(6 ft 7 in), the first rebound must not be lower than 50 cm (20 in) or more
than 65 cm (26 in).
• Time - There are two periods of 20 minutes with time stopping at every
dead ball. Between the two periods there is a break of 15 minutes. Each
team may use one time-out per half, which lasts one minute. Some lower
leagues and tournaments use 24 minute periods with running time.
• Number of players -There are five players for each team in the field, one of
them as goalkeeper, and a maximum number of 12 players that can be
used each match. Substitutions are unlimited and on-the-fly.
Summary of the Rules

• Fouls - All direct free kicks count as accumulated fouls. A direct free kick is
awarded for kicking, tripping, charging, jumping, pushing, striking,
tackling, holding, spitting, and deliberate handling. Indirect free kicks, such
as playing dangerously and impeding, do not count as accumulated fouls.
A team is warned by the referee when they commit five accumulated fouls
in a half.
• Cards -A caution can be shown for unsporting behavior, dissent, failure to
respect the distance on a restart, excessive delay of a restart, persistent
infringement, or incorrectly entering/leaving the field of play . A player or
substitute can be sent off for serious foul play, violent conduct, spitting,
illegally denying an obvious goal-scoring opportunity, abusive language,
and receiving a second caution. Sent-off players are ejected from the game
and their team must play short for two minutes or until the other team
scores a goal.
Summary of the Rules

• Free kicks -Taken from the spot of the infringement or on the line of the
penalty area nearest the infringement (indirect only). All opponents must
be at least 5 m (16 ft) away from the ball. The kick must be taken within
four seconds or an indirect kick is awarded to the other team.
• Kick from the second penalty mark - Awarded when a team commits 6 or
more accumulated fouls in a half. Second penalty mark is 10 m (33 ft) from
the goal, opponents must be behind the ball, goalkeeper must be at least
5 m (16 ft) away.
• Penalty kick - 6 m (20 ft) from the center of the goal for fouls inside the
6 m (20 ft) goal keeper's area.
• Goalkeeper - When in possession of the ball, the goalkeeper has 4 seconds
to get rid of the ball. If the ball is kept too long, the referee will give an
indirect kick to the other team. The goalkeeper may play freely when in
the opponent's half.
Summary of the Rules

• Goalkeeper pass-back restriction - Once the goalkeeper has released the

ball either by kicking or throwing, the goalkeeper may not touch it again
until the ball goes out of play or is touched by an opponent. The sanction
for violation is an indirect free kick. The goalkeeper may receive the ball
freely when on the opponent's half.
• Kick-in - A kick-in is used instead of a throw-in. The player must place the
ball on the touchline or outside but not more than 25 cm (9.8 in) from the
place the ball when out of play. The ball must be stationary and the kick-in
must be taken within 4 seconds from the time the player is ready. During
kick-in, opponents must stand at least 5 m (16 ft) from the ball. If four
seconds elapses or an illegal kick is taken, the referee will award a kick-in
to the other team. It is not allowed to score directly from a kick-in: the
goal is valid only if someone else touches the ball before it enters in goal.
Summary of the Rules

• Goal clearance - A goal clearance is used instead of a goal kick. The goalkeeper
must throw the ball with their hands and it must leave the penalty area within
four seconds. If goal clearance is taken illegally the goalkeeper may retry, but
the referee will not reset the count. If four seconds elapses, the other team
gets an indirect kick on the penalty area line.
• Corner kick - The ball must be placed inside the arc nearest to the point where
the ball crossed the goal line and the opponent must stand on field at least
5 m (16 ft) from the corner arch until the ball is in play. The corner kick must
be taken within 4 seconds of being ready or else a goal clearance will be
awarded to the other team. The ball is in play when it is kicked and moves.
• Referees - For international matches, there must be two referees: one (first
referee) is positioned on the touchline near the timekeeper table and
communicates with the timekeeper, while the other (second referee) is in the
opposite side of the field. At the timekeeper table there is a timekeeper and a
third referee, who controls the teams' benches. In minor events, the third
referees and the timekeeper are not used.