FAKULTAS EKONOMIKA DAN BISNIS

MAGISTER MANAJEMEN

Leadership
Presentation in
Person & Online
This is the compilation of Deborah J. Barrett’s Language of Leaders and Kitty O. Locker
and other sources. The compilation was conducted by Dr. Ardimas Sasdi, MSi
 Discussion Topics
 Types of Leadership Document
 What is Effective Leadership Document
 Tricks to Write Effective Leadership Document
 Business Letter Writing Format
 Ways to Adapt a Message to Audience
 Business letters tones
 Useful phrases in Leadership Document

 positive ethos
 Approaches to ethical decision making
Effective Agenda Slide

6-3
 Presentation Formula
1. Introduction
Tell your audience what you intend to cover and
what the main points are
2. Information (Body)
Go through each of the points in turn, making sure
you give the audience cues as to when you are
moving from one to the other, and how they fit
together
3. In conclusion
Summarize what you’ve just said and draw your
conclusions
 Three P’s of Oral Presentations

Plan Prepare Present

 Determine Develop content  Set up

strategy
Test the  Deliver
 Analyze flow/logic
audience  Handle Q&A’s
Edit/proofread
 Select medium/  Assess results
delivery Master content
method
Practice
 Establish logical
structure 6-5
 Purpose of Presentation
 Informative Presentations (to inform)
› Inform or teach the audience.
 Persuasive Presentations (to persuade)
› Motivate the audience to act.
 Goodwill Presentations (to build goodwill)
› Entertain and validate the audience.
 Analyzing Audience
1. Who is the primary and secondary audience for this
presentation?
2. What is your purpose with this audience?
3. What do they know, expect, and feel?
4. What is their motivation?
5. What do you expect the audience to do and to feel
5. based on the presentation?
 What decisions needed to make
when planning a presentation?

• Determine main points (key messages)

1 •.

• Select kind of presentation

2 •.

• Think about ways to involve the audience

3 •.

Chapter 6 - 8
 Medium and Delivery Method
1. Stand-up extemporaneous
Without visual
With visuals
Using flip charts or white boards
2. Webcast/Webinar
3. Video or phone conferencing
4. Round-table discussions
5. Team presentations
 h visuals
 Using flip charts or white boards
 Structure of Presentation
Opening Welcome your audience
Opening introduce your subject
explain the structure of
your presentation
explain rules for questions
Body present the subject itself

summarize your presentation

Close
Close thank your audience
invite questions
Chapter 6 - 10
 Organization of Presentation
1. Chronological
– Start with the past, move to the present, and end by
looking ahead.
2. Problem-Causes-Solution
3. Explain the symptoms of the problem, identify its causes, and
suggest a solution.
4. Excluding Alternatives
– Explain the symptoms of the problem.
– Explain the obvious solutions first and show why they
won’t solve the problem.
– End by discussing a solution that will work.
5. Pro-Con
 Give all the reasons in favor of something, then those
against it.
 Kind of Presentation
1. Monologue presentation
The speaker speaks without interruption
Questions are held until the end of the presentation
2. Guided discussion
The speaker presents the questions or issues that both
speaker and audience have agreed on in advance
3. Sales presentation
A conversation, even if the salesperson stands up in
front of a group and uses charts and overheads
Source: Locker Kitty O.
.
 Effective (Strong) Opener
1. Startling statement,
e.g.”150 clients have cancelled orders in the past
month.”
2. Narration or anecdote
3. Question, e.g.
“Will you have enough money when you retire?”
4. Quotation, e.g. “It’s both a privilege and a
pleasure to be here.”.
5. Visual (natural disasters, wars, etc.)
• Source: Kitty O. Locker and Stephen Kyo Kaczmareck
 Effective Body Content
 Concise and specifically focused
 Following outline and does not drift off course
 Covers only what needs to be covered
 Balances the general with the specific
 Emphasizes what you can do for your audience
 Does not contain anything to which the audience
can say, “So what?”
 Effective Close
 Summarize by going back over main points
before the Q&A
 Make a recommendation or repeat it
 Do not stop abruptly with the statement,
“That’s all.”
 Emphasize main message with a brief
statement after the Q&A
Source: Kitty O. Locker and Stephen Kyo Kaczmareck, BUSINESS COMMUNICATION Building Critical Skills, Third Edition,
McGraw-Hill,Boston, USA, 2008
 Key Presentation Elements

1. Visual Element or appearance

and body language (55%) 3. Verbal Element or
 Eye Contact words used (7%)
 Facial Expression  Simple
 Gesture  Clear
 Posture  Full

2.Vocal Element (38%)

 Voice volume
 Speaking rate
Source: Mehrabian
 Intonation (octave)
Chapter 6 - 17
 Practicing with Confidence
 Use appropriate eye contact, facial
expressions, and body language
 Avoid common body language problems
 Use an effective speaking style
 Deliver effectively with visual aids
 Manage the Q&A
 Achieve a positive ethos
 Avoid Common Body
Language Problems
1. Slouching or assuming other informal stance
2. Pacing up and down or around the room too much
3. Clasping hands in front or behind
4. Standing with hands on hips
5. Gripping the podium
6. Gesturing too much, too little
7. Rocking or shifting your feet
8. Leaning on the lectern or
sitting on the table
 Practicing
a. Go through your presentation at least twice
• b. Try to recreate the speaking situation
• c. Practice in the same room if possible
• d. Try to practice at least once in front of a mirror
• e. Time your presentation at least twice
• f. Organize your presentation to allow last-minute
adjustments
g. Be prepared, be flexible, and anticipate the
unexpected
 Connecting with Audience
1. Make ideas relevant to audience
e.g. linking what to say to the audience’s
experience and interests.

2. Show audience that the topic affects them

directly – this is the most effective strategy.

3. If you can’t do that, at least link the topic to

some everyday experience.
Source: Kitty O. Locker and Stephen Kyo Kaczmareck, BUSINESS COMMUNICATION Building Critical Skills, Third
Edition, McGraw-Hill,Boston, USA, 2008
 Effective Body Language
 Move out beyond the podium if possible
 Focus your energy
 Maintain a comfortable, relaxed stance appropriate
to the situation
 Keep your body positioned facing your audience
(never turn your back)
 Demonstrate your message
with gestures
 Delivery Techniques
 Visualizing yourself
 Managing your vocal
 Verbal exercise
 Developing your appearance
 Maximizing your gestures
 Impressive Q & A techniques
Source: Kitty O. Locker and Stephen Kyo Kaczmareck, BUSINESS
COMMUNICATION Building Critical Skills, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill,Boston, USA,
2008
 Handling Q & A
Anticipate likely questions in advance
Plan who will answer them (in a team)
Announce timing of questions before speaking
Listen very carefully to the question
Keep your answer short and simple
Avoid dialogue with a single questioner
After answering the last question, conclude by
repeating your main message
Presentation Anxiety or Nervous

The higher uncertainty the higher anxiety level. 70-80

% anxiety is bad and 20-30 anxiety is good
 In Summary: Achieving or
Projecting Positive Ethos
Believe in what you are saying
Be prepared
Create and maintain a rapport
Adopt a secure stance
Use comfortable gestures
Adjust pacing based on audience response
Establish and maintain eye contact, if appropriate
for the culture
Planning Webcasts and Webinars
 Select the platform with the features you need:
Audio
Video
Document sharing
Chatting
Polling
Recording
Annotating
 Master the technology
 Draft help ahead of time for managing the chat
room and the technology
 Allow extra time, at least 30 minutes, to set up and
test the environment and equipment
 Practice, practice, practice…
Round-Table Presentation Format

Encourages an informal,
interactive discussion
Builds consensus and can be used
to gain agreement
Surfaces and resolves issues
Allows the checking of facts or
identifies sources of missing facts
Accommodates providing a lot of information in a
short amount of time if facilitated effectively
 Guidelines for Presenting
Webcasts
 Use a multi-climax approach with simple but
interesting visuals
 If possible, share the stage so that audience hears
more than one voice
 Speak with energy; do not to talk too fast or too slow
 Smile and stand even if your audience cannot see you
since it will make your voice more animated and
make you sound more energetic
 Also pronounce words clearly and eliminate all fillers,
such as “uh,” “you know,” or “like”
Guidelines for Presenting Webcasts
When the Audience Can See You
Establish pleasant, professional
backdrop, surroundings with good
lighting and no clutter.
Smile and be animated but not
too much since movements
are exaggerated.
Use gestures but not too many.
Try to capture the feeling of being in the same room
and talking across a table.
Sit up straight and slightly forward in your chair.
Maintain comfortable eye contact for you and them.
 Delivering a Round-Table
Presentation
Hand out the presentation before you start
Direct your audience to the specific page
State the major message of the exhibit
Explain any legends or symbols
Guide the audience through complex exhibits
Provide transition before turning page
 References
Locker , Kitty O. and Stephen Kyo Kaczmareck,
BUSINESS COMMUNICATION Building Critical Skills,
Third Edition, McGraw-Hill,Boston, USA, 2008
Barret, Deborah J. Leadership Communication . Fourth
Edition. McGraw-Hill,Boston, USA, 2014
Harvard Business Essentials, Harvard Business School
Press, Boston, MA .
Beare, Kenneth , About.com Guide in Guide to Basic
Business Letters
Terima Kasih