CELL CYCLE

PRESENTED BY: GROUP 2

The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the
series of events that take place in a cell
leading to duplication of its DNA (DNA
replication) and division of cytoplasm and
organelles to produce two daughter cells.
CELL DIVISION
is the process by which a parent cell
divides into two or more daughter cells. Cell
division usually occurs as part of a larger
cell cycle.
3 TYPES OF CELL DIVISION

BINARY FISSION
In the process of binary fission, an
organism duplicates its genetic material,
or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and
then divides into two parts (cytokinesis),
with each new organism receiving one
copy of DNA.
MITOSIS
is a part of the cell cycle when replicated
chromosomes are separated into two new
nuclei.
MEIOSIS
is a special type of cell division that
reduces the chromosome number by half,
creating four haploid cells, each genetically
distinct from the parent cell that gave rise to
them.
FIVE PHASES OF THE MITOSIS
CYCLE
1. Interphase
2. Prophase
3. Metaphase
4. Anaphase
5. Telophase
INTERPHASE
G1
“Decision-making step”

When the cell decides if it will start the cell cycle or

rest permanently exit the cell cycle to become
differentiated cell.
SYNTHESIS
DNA replication occurs where the nucleus
becomes larger with twice the amount of
DNA.
G2 PHASE
is where further growth and final preparation
for mitosis happen.
PROPHASE
is where the chromosomes of a cell are first
visible under a microscope.
METAPHASE
After a prophase, chromosomes will line up
at the cell equator.
ANAPHASE
Phase of mitosis when the sister chromatids
separate away from each other
TELOPHASE
Phase of mitosis when two nuclear
membranes are pulling away from each
other and are being formed.
MEIOSIS
Meiosis (/maɪˈoʊsɪs/ ; from Greek
μείωσις, meiosis, which means
lessening) is a special type of cell
division that reduces the chromosome
number by half, creating four haploid
cells, each genetically distinct from the
parent cell that gave rise to them.
MEIOSIS HAS 2 DISTINCT
STAGES

MEIOSIS I - consisting of 5 phases:

Interphase I, Prophase I, Metaphase I,
Anaphase I and Telophase I.

MEIOSIS II – consisting of 4 phases:

Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II
and Telophase II
MEIOSIS I

INTERPHASE
MEIOSIS I
PROPHASE I
FIVE STAGES OF PROPHASE I:
MEIOSIS I
MEIOSIS I
METAPHASE I
MEIOSIS I
ANAPHASE I
MEIOSIS I
TELOPHASE I
MEIOSIS I
MEIOSIS II
INTERPHASE II

Once the first meiosis is complete, the

daughter cells usually go into a short resting
stage which is the interphase 2.
MEIOSIS II
PROPHASE II

Chromosomes become shorter

and thicker. New spindle fibers
are formed.
MEIOSIS II
METAPHASE II

Chromosomes migrate to the

equator of the cell and attach
to the spindle fibers at their
centromeres. They then
orient themselves towards
the opposite poles.
MEIOSIS II
ANAPHASE II

The sister chromatids

separate and migrate to
the opposite poles.
MEIOSIS II