EDUCATIONAL REFORMS DURING THE

PRESIDENCY OF FIDEL V. RAMOS (1992-

1998)

Prepared by:
Mark Joseph U. Orio
Bernardo S. Golindang
 Fidel V. Ramos ( b. March 18, 1928)

• popularly known as FVR and Eddie, is a

retired Filipino general and politician who
served as the 12th President of the
Philippines from 1992 to 1998. During his
six years in office, Ramos was widely
credited and admired by many for
revitalizing and renewing international
confidence in the Philippine economy. At
age 91, he is currently the oldest living
former Philippine President.
Fidel V. Ramos ( b. March 18, 1928)

• Prior to his election as president, Ramos served in the cabinet of

President Corazón Aquino, first as chief-of-staff of the Armed Forces of
the Philippines (AFP), and later as Secretary of National Defense from
1986 to 1991. He was the father of the Philippine Army's Special Forces
and the Philippine National Police Special Action Force.
• Fidel Ramos was born on March 18, 1928 in Lingayen,
Pangasinan and he was raised later in Asingan,
Pangasinan. His father, Narciso Ramos (1900–1986), was
a lawyer, journalist and five-term legislator of the
House of Representatives, who eventually rose to the
position of Secretary of Foreign Affairs. As such, Narciso
Ramos was the Philippine signatory to the ASEAN
declaration forged in Bangkok in 1967, and was a
founding member of the Liberal Party.
 Marriage

• He married Amelita Martinez on

October 21, 1954, and together
they have five daughters: Angelita
Ramos-Jones, Josephine Ramos-
Samartino, Carolina Ramos-
Sembrano, Cristina Ramos-Jalasco
and Gloria Ramos.
Military career

• Ramos went to the United States Military Academy at West Point, and he
graduated in 1950.
• Ramos, along with the Philippines' 20th Battalion Combat Team and the
Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea (PEFTOK), fought in the Korean
War. He was an Infantry Reconnaissance Platoon Leader.
• He was also present in the Vietnam War as a non-combat civil military
engineer and Chief of Staff of the Philippine Civil Action Group
(PHILCAG).] It is during this assignment where he forged his lifelong
friendship with his junior officer Maj. Leonard Geromo, who went on to
become his National Security Advisor throughout during his
administration from 1992 to 1998.
 Martial Law and the EDSA Revolution

• On 22 February 1986, Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile protested

alleged fraud committed by Marcos in the 1986 snap elections,
withdrawing support and triggering the non-violent People Power
Revolution. General Ramos later also defected and followed Enrile into
Camp Crame, and the duo shifted their fealty to Corazón Aquino, the
widow of Senator Aquino and Marcos' main election rival. On 25
February, the "EDSA Revolution" reached its peak when Marcos, along
with his family and some supporters, fled into exile in Hawaii with the
assistance of the United States government, ending his 20-year rule,
leaving Aquino to accede as the country's first female President.
1992 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION

• He won the seven-way race on May 11, 1992, narrowly defeating

popular Agrarian Reform Secretary Miriam Defensor Santiago. His
running mate, Governor Osmeña, lost to Senator Joseph Estrada as
Vice President. Despite winning, he garnered only 23.58% of the
vote, the lowest plurality in the country's history.
• At the time of his accession in
1992, he was the first
Protestant President of the
majority-Catholic country and
the only Filipino officer in
history to have held every rank
in the Philippine military from
Second Lieutenant to
Commander-in-Chief. He is
also the third oldest person at
the age of 64 to assume the
presidency following Duterte
and Sergio Osmeña.
PHILIPPINES 2000

• Is the socio-economic program of former Philippine president Fidel

V. Ramos. The plan envisioned the Philippines achieving newly
industrialized country status by the year 2000.
Under the form of President Fidel V. Ramos, 1992-1998,
a flurry of educational reforms, at the initiative of the
Philippine Congress, is being rushed to completion.
• According to President Ramos, while growth in material terms is
necessary and gainful, such material growth cannot be achieved
without a corresponding effort to increase the people’s
intellectual capacity and moral strength. He emphasized that this
is the task of education which, is the right of every citizen to
receive, and the responsibility of government to provide.
Laws that have been passed to reform education
during the time of President Ramos:
• SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SCHOLARSHIP LAW
• DUAL TRAINING SYSTEM ACT OF 1994
• AN ACT ABOLISHING THE NATIONAL COLLEGE ENTRANCE
EXAMINATION (NCEE)
• THE TESDA ACT OF 1994
• CHED LAW
• AN ACT PROVIDING FOR REFORMS IN THE LEGAL EDUCATION
• THE LAW ESTABLISHING CENTER OF EXCELLENCE IN TEACHER
EDUCATION
• Three of these pieces of legislations, the CHED law, the TESDA law and the
Basic Education bill, will have split the Department of Education, Culture
and Sports (DECS) into three bodies each having different “parent” offices.
The Commission on Higher Education will be attached to the Office of the
President. The TESDA will be an authority similar to the NEDA responsible
to a governing board with 13 members of which five are members of the
President’s Cabinet. The proposed Department of Basic Education to be
headed by a Secretary will be what remains of the former DECS; two of its
structural arms will have been removed—the Bureau of Higher Education
and the Bureau of Technical and Vocational Education which have been
absorbed by the CHED and the TESDA, respectively
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7687

• AN ACT INSTITUTING A SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM AND
OTHER PURPOSES.
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7687

• The grant of any scholarship award from the Fund shall be applied
only in the field of science, mathematics, engineering, and such
other areas in the undergraduate or postgraduate courses as may
be provided for in the rules and regulations to be promulgated by
the DOST and the Department of Education, Culture and Sports
(DECS): Provided, however, That the scholarship grant for the
postgraduate level shall not be limited to those scholars or
recipients who are graduates of the undergraduate scholarship
program.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7687

• The science and technology scholarship law which will finance

annually the education of poor, talented and deserving students
to be part of a pool of the country’s man-power in S and T which
he perceived as the “main battleground of the future”.
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7686( DUAL TRAINING SYSTEM
ACT OF 1994)

• AN ACT TO STRENGTHEN MANPOWER EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN THE

PHILIPPINES BY INSTITUTIONALIZING THE DUAL TRAINING SYSTEM AS AN
INSTRUCTIONAL DELIVERY SYSTEM OF TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL
EDUCATION AND TRAINING, PROVIDING THE MECHANISM, APPROPRIATING
FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
• This Act shall apply to all public and private educational
institutions/training centres and agricultural, industrial
and business establishments duly accredited to
participate in the dual training system.
 Incentives for participating establishments.

• To encourage agricultural, industrial and business

establishments to participate in the system, they shall be
allowed to deduct from their taxable income the amount of
fifty (50) per cent of the system expenses paid to the
accredited dual training system educational institution for the
establishment's trainees: provided that such expenses shall not
exceed five (5) per cent of their total direct labour expenses
but in no case to exceed twenty-five million pesos
(P25,000,000) a year.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7731

• AN ACT ABOLISHING THE NATIONAL COLLEGE

ENTRANCE EXAMINATION (NCEE), REPEALING
FOR THE PURPOSE PRESIDENTIAL DECREE
NUMBERED ONE HUNDRED FORTY-SIX.
• Presidential Decree Numbered One Hundred Forty-Six (P.D. No.
146), entitled, "Upgrading the Quality of Education in the
Philippines by Requiring All High School Graduates Seeking
Admission to Post Secondary Degree Programs Necessitating a
Minimum of Four Years Study To Pass a National Entrance
Examination and Appropriating Funds Therefor", is hereby
repealed.chan robles virtual law library
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7731

• No national entrance examination shall be required for admission

to post-secondary degree programs.
Republic Act No. 7796

• THE TESDA ACT OF 1994

• Technical Education and Skills Development
Authority
MANDATE:

• The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)

shall formulate a comprehensive development plan for middle-
level manpower based on a national employment plan or policies
for the optimum allocation, development and utilization of skilled
workers for employment, entrepreneurship and technology
development for economic and social growth, to be known as the
National Technical Education and Skills Development Plan.
• To implement the policy declared in the Act, a Technical Education and
Skills Development Authority is created, (hereinafter referred to as the
Authority or TESDA). The Authority shall be composed of the TESDA Board
as its governing body, and the TESDA Secretariat as its executive arm. The
TESDA shall replace and absorb the National Manpower and Youth Council
(NMYC), the Bureau of Technical and Vocational Education (BTVE) and the
personnel and functions pertaining to technical- vocational education in
the regional offices of the Department of Education, Culture and Sports
(DECS), and the apprenticeship program of the Bureau of Local
Employment of the Department of Labor and Employment.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7722

• AN ACT CREATING THE COMMISSION ON

HIGHER EDUCATION
• The Commission shall be independent and separate from the
Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS), and attached
to the Office of the President for administrative purposes only. Its
coverage shall be both public and private institutions of higher
education as well as degree-granting programs in all post-
secondary educational institutions, public and private.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7662

• AN ACT PROVIDING FOR REFORMS IN THE LEGAL EDUCATION,

CREATING FOR THE PURPOSE, A LEGAL EDUCATION BOARD AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES.
• The Legal Education Board, or known widely by its abbreviation
LEB, is an independent government agency responsible for the
regulation of the legal education in the Philippines. The agency
was created on December 23, 1993 through the enactment of
Republic Act No. 7662 or the Legal Education Act of 1993.
PHILSAT

• The Philippine Law School Admission Test, or more popularly

known by its acronym PhiLSAT, is a one day standardized aptitude
test that was designed to evaluate the academic capability of a
person to pursue the potential in the study of law in the
Philippines. The standardized test was created pursuant to LEB
Memorandum Order No. 7, series of 2016
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7784

• AN ACT TO STRENGTHEN TEACHER EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINES

BY ESTABLISHING CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE, CREATING A TEACHER
EDUCATION COUNCIL FOR THE PURPOSE, APPROPRIATING FUNDS
THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
VISION

• Our vision is a teacher education system whose mission is to

educate and train teachers of unquestionable integrity and
competence, and who are committed to their continuing
professional growth and obligation to help their students grow as
responsible individuals and citizens of the Philippines and of the
world.
 CRITERIA

• The criteria for identifying schools and colleges as centers of excellence

shall include the following: (a) highly educated, professionally qualified and
experienced faculty dedicated to the Philosophy, mission, vision and goals of
the institution and education; (b) well-settled students; (c) adequate library,
research and study facilities; (d) competent administrative and support staff;
(e) well-planned and relevant instructional programs; (f) adequate student
development programs; (g) adequate student services; (h) relevant extension
service and outreach programs; (i) percentage of graduates who become
teachers; and (j) such other criteria as may be established and
operationalized by the Teacher Education Council.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7797

• AN ACT TO LENGTHEN THE SCHOOL CALENDAR FROM TWO

HUNDRED (200) DAYS TO NOT MORE THAN TWO HUNDRED TWENTY
(220) CLASS DAYS.

• the school calendar for each year beginning school year 1995-
1996, shall be lengthened to not more than two hundred twenty
(220) class days, inclusive of class days which may be subsequently
suspended due to natural or man-made calamities.
 during the term of Senate Bill No.1391 creating the Department of
Basic Education to administer elementary and high school education
considered as basic education.
The new philosophy of education under the Ramos
administration

• The closing year of the century find us beset by seemingly

intractable problems of poverty and inequity. Social and economic
development has not kept pace with the wants and hopes of a
young and impatient people. At the same time, all around us in
our region of the world, countries are growing rapidly, propelled
largely by the energy of private enterprise. The Philippines lags
behind most of them.
• It is believed that educational should produce a Filipino who
respects human rights, whose personal discipline is guided by
spiritual ad moral values, who can think critically and creatively,
who can exercise responsible his rights and duties as a citizen,
whose mind is informed by science and reason, and whose mind is
in formed by knowledge of Philippine history and cultural
heritage.
Refocus education that it may attain the following :

Universal basic education which will make ever citizen functionally literate
and numerate.
Formation of those skills and knowledge necessary to make the individual a
productive member of society.
Development of high level professional who will search after new
knowledge, instruct the young and provide leadership in the various fields
or disciplines required by a dynamic economy.