Republic of the Philippines

APAYAO STATE COLLEGE

Conner, Apayao 3807 Philippines

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

 1. The
2. The curve is distribution
symmetrical curve is bell
3. The mean, the about its shaped.
median, the center
mode coincide
at the center.

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
TABLE OF AREAS UNDER THE NORMAL CURVE
 FORMULA FOR Z-SCORE:
𝑋−
Z=
𝜎
WHERE:
X= A RAW SCORE
• it is a value or given numbers.

= THE POPULATION MEAN

𝜎 = 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐏𝐎𝐏𝐔𝐋𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐒𝐓𝐀𝐍𝐃𝐀𝐑𝐃

𝐃𝐄𝐕𝐈𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍

Z-SCORE CAN BE:

POSITIVE- above the mean
NEGATIVE- below the mean
ZERO- equal to the mean
 Example:
Suppose that IQ score have a bell shaped distribution with a
mean of 100 and standard deviation of 15. what percentage should have
an IQ within 85 and 115?
FIND Z-SCORE
𝑋−
Z= 𝜎

85−100
.3413 .3413 𝜎 = 15 = 15
-1.00 1.00

𝑋1 M 𝑋2 −15
= 15 = −1.00
85 100 115

column a. 1.00
.3413
b. .00
c. 1.0
=.3413 +.3413
.6826
row
𝑋− 115−100 15
Z= = =15 = 1.00
𝜎 15

So the percentage of people that have an IQ score

within 85 and 115 is 68.26% of population.
SEATWORK:
Suppose that IQ score have a bell
shaped distribution with a mean of 100
and standard distribution of 15. What
percentage of people should have an
IQ score within 70 and 130?
Draw a vertical line We see that using
through the the z-table, we can
determine specific
specified z-values regions under the
and shade the normal curve. For
regions. examples, 50% of the
1. z=0 and Z=1 region under the curve is
2. z=0 and z=-1 below the mean and
50% is above the mean.
3. z=1 and z=2
Specific regions can be
4. z=-1 and z=-2 determined in terms of
5. z=2 and z=3 their usefulness in a
6. z=-2 and z=-3 situation.
 Since the z-table provides the
proportion of the area ( or the
probability or percentage ) between any .3413
two specific values under the curve,
regions under the curve can be described .4772
in terms of area. For example, the area
of the region between z=0 and z=1 is
given in the z- table to be .3413. We can -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
do operations with the areas to identify
more regions under the curve. So, to find
the area of the region between z=1 and
z=2 we subtract .3413 from .4772
resulting in .1359. It is graphically shown.
.1359

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Area under the

normal curve between
z=1 and z=2
 .4987

.4772
AREA UNDER THE NORMAL
CURVE BETWEEN Z=2 AND
Z=3
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

.0215
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Similarly, the areas of the region between z=0

and z=1 is given in the z-table to be 0.4987. So,
The area of the region between z=2 and z=3 is given by .4987 - .4778 =
.0215
If we want to identify the regions under the normal curve is term of percent , the
graph of the Distribution would look like this:

34.13% 34.13%

2.15% 2.15%
.13% 13.59% 13.59% .13%
 Exercise:
1. Find the proportion area above z= -1

Z= 0.3413
= 0.5 + .3413

P(z> -1) = 0.5 + 0.3413

= 0.8913
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Shade the above part of -1

.’. The population of the area

above is 0.8413 or 84.13%
 Exercise:
1. Find the proportion area above z= 1

Z= .3413
= .5 - .3413
= .1587

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

P( < - 1 ) = .5 - .3413
= .1587

.’. The population of the area above is .1587 or 15.87%

 EXAMPLE 2:
Suppose a Z score is 1.62
.4474

0.5
.4474
+.5
.9474

=94.74% or 95%

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Z= 1.62 <=> 95th percentile

EXAMPLE:
FIND THE 99TH PERCENTILE?
Steps in finding the percentile:
1) 99% = .9900
2) .5000
1) Express percent to decimal.
+ .4900 2) If greater than 50%
.9900 percentile it’s addition.
3) Find the z-value.
To the nearest value of the z-value. 4) Draw the normal curve.

.4901
a) = 2.3
b) = .03
z=2.33

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 2.33
*Get first the corresponding Z score of a given probability

EXAMPLE 1:
IF:
M= 100
𝜎 = 15
What percentile of test score in an individual who score 120 points?

120−100 20
𝑍= = =1.33
15 15
≈1.3
=.9032 or 90.32%
=90th percentile
EXAMPLE:
The result of the nationwide aptitude test in
mathematics are normally distributed with m = 80 and s =
15. Find the raw score such that 70% of the case are below
it.

ANALYSIS QUESTION:
1. What are the given?
2. What are you going to find?
3. What is suggested by the given to help you solved the
problem?
4. Will the application of the normal curve concepts by
useful?
 The problem involves a normal distribution.
So, we can apply the normal curve concepts to
solved the problem. The expression 70% implies
that we are given the area that we are looking for a
raw score. We can find this by determining first the
corresponding z-score from the table of areas under
the normal curve. If 70% of the cases lie below the
raw score, then 30% of the cases are above it. You
can choose which probability to deal with. In this
example, 30% is selected.
1.Sketch the diagram of a normal curve.

2.Selecting 30%, express this as area. This is 30% is the same as 0.3000
the area to the right to the z-value we want to
locate.

3.Find the area between z=0 and 0.2000. 0.5000-0.3000 = 0.2000

4.Find the area 0.2000 or the value nearest to it The nearest area is 0.1985
in the table of areas under the normal curve.

5.Find the value that corresponds to 0.1985. z = 0.52 the area is 0.1985

6.Find a computing formula for determining z=

𝑥−
raw score. 𝜎

7. Modify the formula for determining raw x = +z

score.

8.Solute the given values in the modified x= +z

formulas to solve for X. x= 80 + (0.52)(15)
x= 87.8  88

9.Make a concluding statement. In the distribution, 70% of scores are below to

the score 88.
EXAMPLE: Given the 10,000 scores in Biology. The distribution of scores is normally
shaped with  = 100 and  = 14. The raw scores that correspond to each z = score value
are obtained by using the formula:

1. Draw the normal curve .

2. At the right of the mean, the raw score that correspond to z=1 is =1s. That is,
x=100+(1)(14) or 114.
3. The raw score that corresponds to z=2s is + 3s.
That is, x=100+(2)(14) = 128
4. Finally, the raw score that correspond to z=3 is +3s
That is, x=100+(3)(14) = 142
5. In similar to manner, the raw score that correspond to z= -1 is x=100 –(1)(14)=86.
6. The raw score that correspond to z= -3, the raw score x=100-(3)(14)=58.
The normal curve that follows shows the z-scores as well as the corresponding
raw score.

0.3413 0.3413

0.0215 0.0215
0.1359 0.1359

Z-score -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Raw Score 58 72 86 100 128 128 142

POPULATION MEAN