MODERN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH CENTER

PRESENTATION
ON
220 KV GSS ALWAR ,RAJASTHAN

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Electrical Department NIKHIL SAINI
MITRC EE 7th sem
 SUBSTATION:
• An Electrical Substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity Generation ,
Transmission And Distribution System where voltage is transformed high to low or
reverse using transformer.
Example of Substation:
• 440kv/220kv substation
• 220kv/132kv substation
• 132kv/33kv substation
• 33kv/11kv substation
• 33kv/400v substation
 220 KV SUBSTATION
• It is devide into three parts:
1. Panel section
* Control Panel Section
*Relay and Protection Panel Section
2. Switch yard
*220kv section
*132 kv section
*33kv section
3. Battery room
 PANEL SECTION
IT IS A ROOM WHICH CONTAINS ALL TYPES OF PANELS.

IT HAS TWO SECTIONS:-

CONTROL PANEL SECTION
* IT CONTAIN PANELS RELATED TO CONTROLLING OF INSTRUMENTS. E.G.:- FEEDER PANEL, X-MER PANEL, ETC.
RELAY AND PROTECTION PANEL SECTION
*IT CONTAINS PANELS RELATED TO RELAY SYSTEMS AND PROTECTION SYSTEMS. E.G.:- RELAY PANEL, LINE PROTECTION PANEL,
ETC.
 SWITCH YARD
IT IS THE FIELD WHERE COMPONENTS USED IN CONTROLLING
SUPPLY AND MEASURING SUPPLY(INCOMING AND OUTGOING)
ARE PLACED.
 SOME OF THESE MANY COMPONENTS ARE:-
ISOLATORS
C.TS
P.TS
L.AS
 EQUIPMENTS AT GSS…
LIGHTNING ARRESTORS
 TRANSFORMER
INSULATORS
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
CIRCUIT BREAKERS
WAVE TRAP
BUSBARS
 LIGHTNING ARRESTORS :
*LIGHTNING ARRESTORS
PROVIDE PROTECTION TO
ALL THE EQUIPMENTS
AGAINST THE H.V ELECTRIC
DISCHARGE BETWEEN
CLOUD AND EARTH
,KNOWN AS LIGHTNING.
*IT IS PROVIDED FOR THE
SAFETY OF TRANSMISSION
AND DISTRIBUTION LINE.
 INSULATORS :-

AN ELECTRICAL INSULATOR
IS A MATERIAL WHOSE
INTERNAL ELECTRIC
CHARGE DO NOT FLOW
FREELY AND THEREFORE
MAKE IT VERY HARD TO
CONDUCT AN ELECTRIC
CURRENT UNDER THE
INFUENCE OF AN ELECTRIC
FIELD.
TRANSFORMER
:-
A STATIC DEVICE.
USED TO CHANGE THE
VOLTAGE LEVEL .
NO CHANGE IN FREQUENCY.
TRANSFORMER HAS TWO
TYPES-
1.STEP UP TRANSFORMER
2 STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER
CURRENT TRANSFORMER :-
THE CURRENT TRANSFORMER ARE
USED TO STEPPED DOWN THE
CURRENT.
IT IS USED FOR
MEASUREMENT/CONTROL/PROTECTIO
• Potential Transformer :-
N.

• It is used for the measurement

of voltage and protective
application together with the
equipment such as meters and
relays.
 BUSBARS :-
A BUS BAR IS A
CONDUCTING BAR THAT
CARRIES HEAVY CURRENT TO
SUPPLY ELECTRICAL
CIRCUITS.
MADE UP OF COPPER ROD
OR THIN WALLED TUBES.
TYPES:
-MAIN BUS BAR….
-AUXILIARY BUS BAR….
 IMPORTANT TERMS
 TRIPPING – POWER GOES DUE TO OVER LOAD . IT IS FOR THE
PROTECTION OF COMPONENTS.
 SHUT DOWN – POWER IS CUT DUE TO MAINTENANCE IN
PROGRESS. IT IS DONE MANUALLY.
 BREAK DOWN – POWER GOES DUE TO ANY FAULT IN THE LINE.
WHEN FAULT IS REMOVED , POWER IS BACK.
 ROSTING – POWER IS CUT DELIBERATELY ON ORDER OF
HIGHER AUTHORITY DUE TO SHORTAGE OF POWER.
 CONCLUSION:-
One must have never thought that so many things are required for
just switching on a television or a refrigerator or an electric trimmer.
The three wing of electrical system Generation, transmission and
distribution are connected to each other and that too very perfectly.
Lots of labour, capital and infrastructure is involved in the system
just to have a single phase,220V,50Hz power supply at our houses.
THANK
YOU