GEC133 – LIVING IN AN

IT ERA M1
By: Prof. Azreen M. Marohomsalic, ECE, MIT
Overview

 Information
 Technology
 Information Technology
 Information and Communications Technology
 Department of Information and Communication
Technology DICT
 Computer Periods
 Generations of Computer
Information

 Data – are raw unprocessed facts

e.g. : text, numbers, images, sounds
 Information – processed data
Microcomputers use the ASCII code to represent data.
 ASCII codes are composed of bits.
1 = 00000001 255 = 11111111
A = 10000001 a = 11000001
Information

 Bits / binary digits – digits 0 and 1

nibble = 4 bits
byte = 8 bits
- basic unit of measurement
Technology

 the application of scientific knowledge for practical

purposes, especially in industry.
 machinery and equipment developed from the application
of scientific knowledge.
 the branch of knowledge dealing with engineering or
applied sciences.
Information Technology

 the study or use of systems (especially computers and

telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending
information.
Information and Communications
Technology
 The totality of electronic means to access, create,
collect, store, process, receive, transmit, present and
disseminate information.
Department of Information and
Communications Technology

 RA No. 10844 – the Department of Information and

Communications Technology Act of 2015
 July 27, 2015
 Basic Computer Periods of Computer

The Pre-
The Electro The Electronic
mechanical Age The Mechanical
Mechanical Age Age (1940-
(3000 B.C. – 1450 Age (1450-1840)
(1840-1940) Present)
A.D.)
The Pre-mechanical Age (3000 B.C. –
1450 A.D.)
 Control of fire 500 000 BC
 Domestication of animals 12 000
 Domestication of plants 800
 Ceramic 7000 BC
 Copper 4000 BC
The Mechanical Age (1450-1840)

 Create machines that will perform some

tasks
 Blaise Pascal
 Charles Babbage
 Lady Ada Augusta Lovelace Byron
The Electro Mechanical Age (1840-1940)

 The discovery of ways to harness electricity was the key

advance made during this period
 Voltaic Battery
 Telegraph
 Telephone and Radio
 Comptometer
 Comptograph
The Electronic Age (1940-Present)
Early Computers
(1940-1950)

 We currently live in.

The first generation
 Generation of Digital Computing (1951-1958)

The second generation

(1959-1963)

The third
generation(1964-1979)

The Fourth Generation

(1979-Present)
The first generation (1951-1958)

 Vacuum tubes as their main logic elements.

 Punch cards to input and externally store data.
 Rotating magnetic drums for internal storage of data and
programs
The second generation (1959-1963)

 Vacuum tubes replaced by transistors as main logic

element.
 Magnetic tape and disks began to replace punched cards
as external storage devices.
The third generation(1964-1979)

 Individual transistors were replaced by integrated circuits.

 Magnetic core internal memories began to give way to a
new form, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) memory,
which, like integrated circuits, used silicon-backed chips.
The Fourth Generation (1979-Present)

 Microprocessors that contained memory, logic, and control

circuits (an entire CPU = Central Processing Unit) on a
single chip.
 Some have begun to call it the Information Revolution.
Technological changes brought dramatic new options to
Americans living in the 1990s.
Play Modern Marvels: Thinking Machines