Unit 5

Stories and Tales

Learning Objectives

Spoken Cycle
After studying this unit, you are expected to be able to:
• express love,
• express sadness,
• comprehend the dialogue expressing love and
sadness,
• tell narrative stories orally,
• understand and respond to the spoken English.

Written Cycle
After studying this unit, you are expected to be able
to:
• read and comprehend the narrative texts,
• comprehend the use of Past Perfect Continuous
Tense ,
• compose good narrative texts.
Spoken Cycle Study and say the following expressions.

Expressions of love Putri and Maya are best friend.

• I love you.
• I really love you.
• I love you so much.
• I’ m very keen on ....
• I love you too.
Putri tells to Maya that she loves
her brother very much. Today is
his
birthday. She wants to express her
love to him by giving new shoes.
 Study the following expressions
Expressing sadness:
• I am sad.
• I’m unhappy
• I feel upset that ....
• I am so sad ....
• I’m blue because ....
• I am upset about (with) ....
Make good dialogue expressing
sadness for the following
situations.
1. Alex meets Tatang who looks
upset. Alex asks him why he is sad.
Tatang told that his motorcycle was
taken to the police station this
morning because he broke the
traffic rules.
2. Hendra meets Dina at the school
library. Hendra asks her why she
looks so sad. She says that she is
sad because she has a problem
with her laptop. It multiplies folders.
3. Ririn told her best friend, Anis,
that she couldn’t do her semester
test well. That’s why she feels
sad.
Written Cycle Read and study the following explanation

What is narrative?
Narrative is a text which tells a story dealing with the problematic events that leads
to a turning point of some kind (complication) which in turn finds a resolution.

There are many kinds of narratives. They are:

- fairy stories, - romance stories,
- mysteries, - science fiction,
- ballads, - adventure stories,
- myths, - historical narratives,
- fables, - one’s biography,
- legend, - folktale, etc.

Social function of a narrative is to amuse or

entertain the readers or
listeners in different ways.
 Read and study the following explanation

Language features of a narrative text are:

- focusing on the specific or individualized participants.
- using past tense.
- using temporal conjunction, e.g. when, then, etc.
- using temporal circumstances, e.g. once upon a time, one day, the following day.
- using action verbs.

Generic structures of narrative are:

- Orientation
It tells the characters, setting of time, and setting of place.
Characters are the participants who are involved in the story.
Setting of
time tells when the story occurred. While, setting of place tells when
the story took place.
- Complication
It tells the problematic events that lead into a crisis of the story.
- Resolution
It tells the resolution of complication.
 Study and comprehend the explanation below.

The Past Perfect Continuous Tense is used to show that something started in the
past and continued up until another time in the past. This tense can be used to
state that an action was still in progress when the second action started. An
action which continued up to the time of some event in the past. Time
expressions indicating the use of Past Perfect Continues Tense are for five
years, for half an hour, etc.

Usage: The pattern of positive sentence:

From sentences 1 in the frame above, we know that:
• Jony began to work in a bank for five years before he got married.
• When he got married Jony was still working in a bank. (We do not know whether Jony would
still work in a bank or not after he got married).
From sentences 2 in the frame above, we know that:
• I began to watch television for about five minutes before it rained.
• When it rained, I was still watching television.

From sentence 3 in the frame above, we know that:

• The bus began to travel sometime before it hit a dog.
• When it hit a dog, the bus was still traveling. (We don’t know what happens after that).

Many sentences in the form of Past Perfect Continuous Tense have a time
clause which expresses the later action, except when the later is undersfood. When
the time clauses are used, they are generally put at the end of the sentences.
However, they may be put at the beginning of the sentences. When the time clause is
put at the beginning, we put a comma after it. Example:
• Jony had been working in a bank for five years when he got married.
• When Jony get married, Jony had been working in bank for five years.
Study and comprehend the explanation below.
Study and comprehend the explanation below.
 Read the following text

Cross Cultural Understanding

When I was a student, some friends and I went to
a party. There was an American with her two-year-
old daughter there. “The girl is so beautiful. She is
very funny”, we all said. Fortunately, the lady was a
teacher. She said, “I see you are trying to translate
the expressions in your language into English. But,
in this case, the word funny is not appropriate. It
can have a negative meaning. So you had better to
say cute instead”.