Every case we are given to solve involves creativity and we take it as a

challenge. We provide a solution to the business need through communication

and training.

We are:
Cleonela Şerban
Monica Bercea
Andrei Chirilă
Maria Itu

Project manager:
Emanuela Cerchez
VB Leasing

VolksBank LEASING ROMANIA it’s a company that

provides innovative financing solutions based on client’s
needs, giving them free choice of the financed objects
without any need for a loan.
If a person fulfills all the requirements, VB Leasing signs
a contract and buys the needed object. The client pays
monthly an established amount of money, becoming the
owner of the object at the end term of the contract, but
uses the object during the whole period.
All data regarding contracts are only a click away and
accessible online from everywhere, in a secure manner.
Business process

How does VB Leasing business work?

References

VB Leasing website: www.vbleasing.ro

Interview with: Mihai Cojocaru, Back Office Sales

• Phone: +40 232 406 214
• Fax: +40 232 406 205
• Mobile phone: +40 743 696 907
• Email: mihai.cojocaru@vbleasing.ro

Similar business: http://www.leasing.ro

Business needs

Mr. Mihai Cojocaru kindly agreed to answer all our

questions. He explained that VB Leasing has some
online issues to handle like:
 tracking data about clients, permitting the involved
parts consult the contract status;
 finding a way for the managers to supervise the sales
persons and the contracts they attended;
 sharing contract information with the sales persons
and clients;
 informing clients, partners and all interested persons
about news, offers and provided services.
Reports

VB Leasing often uses business reports such as:

• which are the most wanted objects taken in leasing by
clients;
• which dealers brought most clients and which one
increased VB Leasing’s profit;
• lists of accepted or rejected clients and the ones that
had some extra conditions imposed;
• which are the employees who worked very hard (sales
persons who attended most valuable contracts).
Proposed solution

After analyzing each piece of information provided by Mr.

Mihai Cojocaru, our team found the answers to these
needs and presents an optimized data model that will
surely ease the effort.
We are proposing an efficient tool, able to create all the
reports they need in a matter of seconds.
This will be the base for further development. It will help
them efficiently restructure their business and raise their
profitability.
Business rules
Structural

• The clients may be companies, private individuals or

authorized persons. A company must be represented
by a person.
• A person is a client if he/she signed one or more
contracts.
• Each contract must be for one and only one object.
• Each contract must have one or more invoices.
• The technical staff is in charge with posting news on
the website.
Business rules
Procedural

• A person who wants to take an object in leasing has to

present all documents that certify that he is eligible (his
debts are manageable).
• When signing the contract, the client pays an advance
between 10% and 50% of the value of the object taken
for leasing.
• The duration of contract is 12-48 months for cars and
12-60 months for trailers, equipments and others.
• The residual value is always 20% of the price of the
object taken for leasing.
Business rules
Procedural

• Casco insurance is binding and offered by VB Leasing

in cooperation with its partners; also, it is included in the
installments.
• An email is automatically sent to the clients every time
an invoice is issued.
• Each client pays his invoices into VB Leasing’s bank
account using his client id.
• The contract’s currency is EURO, but each invoice is
paid in RON (its value is converted in RON depending on
Volks Bank’s exchange rate on the issue date).
Business rules
Procedural

• If the client hasn’t paid his invoice for 3 months, the

contract is canceled and the object taken in leasing
returns to the VB Leasing’s possession.
• An old client has more advantages (e.g. the period of
his contract may be longer).
• Once in 6 months, the sales person receives a bonus
according with the value of the contracts he attended.
• Objects can be: cars, trucks, bikes, planes, helicopters,
boats, followers, trailers, containers, construction and
printing machineries, production and IT equipments,
agriculture and forestry objects or medical technology.
Business rules
Programmatic

CONTRACT’S VALUE
Financed value

Object’s value

Residual value
Advance
Interest
CASCO

• The value of the current invoice is a percent

(depending on the remained period of the contract) of the
contract’s value minus the advance payment and all
previous paid invoices.
Business rules
Programmatic

• If a client pays more than the current value of his

invoice, the interest for the difference between the paid
value and the value of the invoice becomes 5%.
• If the client hasn’t paid the invoice in 14 days from its
issue date, a summon is sent; afterwards, if the client still
doesn’t pay, the summons are sent every 30 days,
adding the penalizations to the current value of the
invoice.
• The penalization represents 0,1% of the invoice value.
Business rules
Programmatic

• The income that a company has is calculated as the

sum of their business count, their debts and their claims;
for a person is necessary to know his base salary.
• A manager has to reach a certain target profit each
month. His profit is calculated as the sum of the financed
values of all contracts attended by his subordinates.
• The sales person’s commission represents 2% of the
value of every contract attended by him.
• Dealers that brought clients which signed most
valuable contracts may benefit of VB Leasing’s offer that
consists in trips or bonuses.
Constraints

• The interest remains constant during a contract.

• The first invoice is paid when signing the contract and
the amount of money represents the advance.
• The value of the term of the contract must be between
12 and 60 (months).
• Contract’s currency is EURO.
• Client’s cnp is a number of 13 digits.
Constraints

• For the client, employee and dealer, the username

and the password must have more than 6 characters.
• Usernames are unique for each category of users
(client, employee, dealer).
• The signing date for a contract must be earlier than the
end date of the contract.
• The comment’s text length must be less than 256
characters.
• News post date must be earlier than its end date.
Assumptions

• We assumed that each dealer has one and only one

account on the website (username and password).
• Each company is represented by a single person
(director).
• Each contract may have one or more comments.
E
R

D
I
A
G
R
A
M
ERD documentation

• Each client has a cnp (numeric personal code) in order

to be uniquely identified.
• Authorized persons have unique codes that allow VB
Leasing to check his eligibility.
• For each company they track their name, address,
fiscal code, business domain (e.g.: transportation,
construction, IT, agriculture, forestry, health services,
etc.) and business count (sum of the value of possessed
objects and the business’ profit).
ERD documentation

• On each contract may appear some comments

containing information about the behavior of the client
during the contract.
• The term of the contract represents the duration of the
contract (in months).
• The contract's end date is optional because we can
deduce it from the contract’s conditions as the date from
the start date plus the term of the contract, but VB
Leasing is interested in knowing if the contract ended
sooner and why (did the client paid all his dues or did he
stopped paying canceling his contract?).
ERD documentation

• The contract’s status can have different values:

- running (in normal conditions) - the contract is not

finished and there's no need for an end date (this is the
default value);
- cancelled - the client can't / doesn’t want to pay anymore
his dues for 3 months; in this case the object returns to VB
Leasing’s possession;
- finished - the client paid all his debts to VB Leasing (now
he owes the object taken in leasing).
ERD documentation

• We modeled the employees that have a relevant

contribution to the online business of VB Leasing. An
employee can be a sales person, a manager, he can
be part of our technical staff or he can have another
function.
• Each sales person has a qualification that shows his
skills in this job. This attribute may have different values:
beginner, advanced or expert.
ERD documentation

• News on the website are updated by VB Leasing’s

technical staff.
• The end date of the news history is optional. If the
value is null, the news are current; if not the news can
be found in the archive.
• Each object has a brief description that shows some
technical features about it.
• The dealers are companies that have signed a
partnership contract with VB Leasing. They can provide
clients.
Sample mapping

CLIENTS (CET) EMPLOYEES (EPE)

Key type Optionality Column name Key type Optionality Column name

pk * client_id pk * id

* fname * fname

* lname * lname

* email * email

uk * cnp uk * username

uk * username * pass
* pass * address

* address * bdate

* bdate * phone

* phone * salary

º fax º qualification

uk º fcode º department

º name º tprofit

º caddress º function

º bdomain * epe_type

º bcount fk º epe_id

º bsalary

* cet_type
Sample mapping

INVOICES (IVE) OBJECTS (OJT)

Key type Optionality Column name Key type Optionality Column name

pk * ive_id pk * obj_id

* value * name

* idate * category

º pdate * description

pk, fk * ctt_id * price

* cinsurance
CONTRACTS (CTT) fk º dlr_id

Key type Optionality Column name

COMMENTS (CMT)
pk * ctt_id
Key type Optionality Column name
* sdate
pk * cmt_id
* term
* pdate
* padvance
* title
* ctype
* text
* interest
pk, fk * ctt_id
* status
fk(1) * clt_id

fk(2) * epe_id

fk(3) * ojt_id

º edate
 Sample data

CLIENTS
client_id1 fname lname …. phone fax fcode name caddress bdomain bcount bsalary cls_type
99123 Iancu Dana …. 023234.. Iancu Dana ap
124154 Dancu Cristian …. 033235.. 033672.. 9124 Hertz INC str. Soco.. Heavy in.. 350000 comp
142241 Marcu Claudiu …. 023246.. 8000 pers

EMPLOYEES

emp_id fname lname email username password … salary qualification department tprofit emp_type epe_id

15 Marin Mihai mmarin@vbl.. mihaic ff9cf2d6.. … 900 expert sales 18

16 Varda Mihaela mvarda@vbl.. mihaelav d55589c.. … 1500 IT technic 18
18 Marcu Claudiu mclaud@vbl.. mclaudiu 1155626.. … 100000 manager
 Sample data

OBJECTS
obj_id name category description price cinsurance dlr_id
126 Opel A... car 4 dors, A... 30000 60 12
694 Ford Mo.. car front airbag… 40000 64
1341 Lancast.. airplane 350 km/h… 200000 70

CONTRACTS
ctt_id sdate term advancep ctype interest status clt_id epe_id ojt_id edate
421516 13/1/2003 12 35 during 2.7 finished 99123 15 126 10/8/2003
421691 25/6/2003 12 30 during 2.7 canceled 99123 15 357 28/8/2003
426029 21/1/2004 18 35 after 2.5 finished 124154 15 694 13/7/2005
436154 30/8/2005 36 20 after 2.1 running 142241 15 1341

INVOICES COMMENTS
inv_id value idate pdate ctt_id com_id pdate title text ctt_id
14414521 2600 05/03/2003 27/03/2003 421516 1254266 10/8/2003 Finished Iancu Dana finished t… 421516

14582154 2700 20/07/2003 21/08/2003 421691 1351547 28/8/2008 Canceled The contract was can.. 421691

15115419 2400 20/06/2005 15/07/2003 426029

435962 1800 05/09/2005 435962
436154 5800 20/09/2005 25/10/2005 436154
Contact

• Cleonela Şerban, cleonela_serban@yahoo.com

• Monica Bercea, bercea_monica@yahoo.com
• Andrei Chirilă, andrei_chirila@yahoo.com
• Maria Itu, maria_itu_ro@yahoo.com

• Emanuela Cerchez, emanuela.cerchez@gmail.com

 Thank you for your attention!

We are looking forward to a future colaboration!

We just do our job:

manage more to help you spend less.