Text as Connected

Discourse
Melody Geminiano – Belisario
Master Teacher II
Learning Objective
EN11/12RWS-IIIa-1 :
Describes a written text
as connected discourse

Image by Manfred
Steger from Pixabay
What is DISCOURSE?

Image by Gerd Altmann from Pixabay

Text as a Connected Discourse
• utterance, talk, speech,
discussion, and conversation
• The ideas in discourse are not
connected or do not have a
particular structure.
• communication of thought by
words
• a formal discussion of a subject in
speech or writing, as a dissertation,
 Text as a Connected
Discourse
Discourse is the use of words to exchange
thoughts and ideas in an orderly
and organized manner. It deals
not only with the grammar aspect
of a language but also with the
features of the text and the
relationship of words to one
another.
 Text as a Connected
Discourse
Discourse is a formal and often lengthy discussion
of a topic where concepts and
insights are arranged in an organized
and logical manner. Also, it refers to
the way how language is used to
convey meanings or to propel action
or to provoke a special response.
 Text as a Connected
Discourse
Discourse markers — or
conjunctions,
connectives, and linking
devices—help connect
ideas to form a logical
text.
What are the purposes of a
discourse?

To inform
To persuade
To entertain
What factors should be looked
upon in analyzing a discourse?
Culture
Social Environment
Experiences
 Text as a Connected
Discourse
Text is the “data” in which ideas are
presented in print
form. Merriam-Webster
Dictionary defines it as
“the original words of a
piece of writing or a
speech.”
 Text as a Connected
Discourse
Text is a large unit of written language.
it is a group of ideas put
together to make a point or
one central idea. It has a
structure which requires the
ideas in the discourse to be
relevant to each other.
 Properties of a Well-Written
Text
Ideas
Organization
Coherence and cohesion
Appropriate language use
Voice
Proper mechanics
 A text is a connected discourse,
which means that all ideas in the
text must be related in the sense
that they would express only one
main idea, or that the text must
have unity by combining all ideas to
emphasize central idea.
 TEXT VS. DISCOURSE
• TEXT is made up of
sentences. • DISCOURSE is the use of such
sentences.
• A text is made up of
sentences having the • A discourse is made up of
property of grammatical utterances having the property of
cohesion. coherence.
• TEXT is defined in terms of its • DISCOURSE is viewed as a process.
being a physical product. Meaning is derived through the
Meaning is not found in text. reader’s interaction with the text -->
discourse.
• Non-interactive
• Interactive
• Written form
• Written, verbal, audio, visual forms
What is Reading?
• READING is a cognitive process of
decoding symbols to derive meaning
from a text. It is always an interaction
between the text and the reader. We
read to gain and share information
and ideas, whether for academic,
personal, or professional purposes.
 Qualities of a Text by Jorgensen and
Phillips
1. Cohesion. The parts are connected.
2. Coherence. The overall text has meaning.
3. Intentionality. The writer’s attitude and purpose can
be discerned.
4. Acceptability. The text is recognized.
5. Informativity. There is a quantity of new or expected
info.
6. Situationality. The text’s topic is situationally and
culturally appropriate.
7. Intertextuality. The text can be linked to preceding
discourse.
Text as Connected Discourse Samples

• Procedures • News Articles

• Research Articles • Journal /Diary

• Blog posts • Critiques

• Opinion Piece
• Anecdotes
• Position Paper
Reflect on this:
What makes a text a
connected discourse?
Group Activity:
Analyze the short text given
to you. Then identify if the text is
a connected discourse or not
and explain why.
Essential Learning: A text is a
connected discourse, which
means that all ideas in the
text must be related in the
sense that they would express
only one main idea, or that
the text must have unity by
combining all ideas to
emphasize central idea.
Add a Slide Title - 5
References:
Reading_Lesson 2 text as
connected discourse
[READING AND WRITING SKILLS] Text
as a Discourse - Introduction