LINEAR CITY

Town planning
Presented to :
Ar. Meenu Chowdhury

Presented by:-
Prince kumar(154030)
Sawan kumar (154036)
 INTRODUCTION
• Arturo Soria y Mata (1844-1920) was an
internationally important Spanish urban
planner whose work remains highly
inspirational today.

• He is most well known for his concept of the

Linear City for application to Madrid and
elsewhere.

• He studied the civil engineer career, but he

didn't finish it.
 • Urban Form refers to the-

• physical layout and design of the city

• spatial imprint of an urban transport system

• adjacent physical infrastructures.

FIRSTLY, • Jointly, they confer a level of spatial arrangement to cities.
WHAT IS AN • Urban form or city form
URBAN • defined as‘
• The spatial pattern of human activities at a certain point in
FORM? time’.
 • Geography

• Period of development
FACTORS
• Impact of natural environment
INFLUENCING
URBAN FORM • Trade practiced

• Social, political & economical

forces.
 • The linear city was an urban plan for an elongated
NOW, WHAT urban formation. The city would consist of a series of
functionally specialized parallel sectors. Generally, the
IS LINEAR city would run parallel to a river and be built so that the
dominant wind would blow from the residential areas to
CITY? the industrial strip. The sectors of a linear city would be:
• A purely segregated zone for railway lines,

• A zone of production and communal enterprises, with related scientific, technical and educational
institutions,

• A green belt or buffer zone with major highway,

• A residential zone, including a band of social institutions,

• A band of residential buildings and a "children's band",

LINEAR CITY OF SORIA
 • Arturo Soria y Mata's idea of the Linear
City (1882)[1] replaced the traditional
idea of the city as a centre and a
periphery with the idea of constructing
NOW, THE linear sections of infrastructure - roads,
railways, gas, water, etc.- along an optimal
IDEA OF line and then attaching the other
components of the city along the length
LINEAR of this line. As compared to the concentric
diagrams of Ebenezer Howard and other
CITY in the same period, Soria's linear city
creates the infrastructure for a controlled
process of expansion that joins one
growing city to the next in a rational way,
instead of letting them both sprawl.
 • The Linear City concept is a Conscious Form
Of Urban Development with Housing And
Industry Growing Along The Highway
Between existing cities and contained by the
continuous open space of the rural
ABOUT countryside.
• As the city expanded, additional sectors
THE would be added to the end of each band,
so that the city would become ever longer,
CONCEPT without growing wider.

• The linear city design was first developed by

Arturo Soria y
• Mata in Madrid, Spain during the 19th
century.
ABOUT MADRID CITY
• The linear city was a proposal made by Arturio Soria at the end of
the 19th century, to turn Madrid into a more human city which was
closer to nature.
• Arturo Soria´s aim was to solve some of the problems that
Madrid had at that time: transport, overpopulation and sanitary
 • There Were Two Different Theories To
Solve The Problems Caused By Thr
Industrial Revolution
•NATURISTIC THEORIES
•HYGIENIST THEORIES :

PROBLEM
PREVAILING
•Naturistic theories: Arturo Soria wanted to integrate nature into the city. Thus, he
decided to plant several rows of trees along the street. The houses would also have
a garden and an orchard
Hygienist theories: Their objective was to improve the sanitary conditions of
the city. The proposals to achieve this were:

• to plant trees near the houses

• to build wider streets

• to build detached or semidetached houses so that the different families

didn´t live so close to each other

.
OBJECTIVES
The most important objective was to combine nature and city.
THE PROPOSAL
The final project was a linear city surrounded by nature, and with a central area
for services.
NEW HOUSES
The new houses were bigger and had a garden. There was also a vegetable
garden or a space for working the land.

New houses Old houses

TYPES OF HOUSES

“ The dreadful monotony of yesterday has now been corrected “.( A

joke about the project !)
Prototipos de casas de la ciudad lineal

Arturo Soria let the architects free to build different models of

houses in order to avoid monotony.
Compañía Madrileña de Urbanización was the company in charge of the
project
 OBJECTIVES OF LINEAR CITY
• Parcelling out around a linear centre line of the main street.

• Streets had to be 200 metre long and 20 metre wide, and the centre line of the
street had to connect with the different blocks of houses , all of regular shapes
squares, rectangles or trapeziums

• The city should grow parallel to the main street.

• To create less populated suburbs

• To preserve individualism

• To make nature part of the city

• To solve the problems of transport:

SERVICES IN A NEW CITY
• The new city had a tram .

It also had space for vegetable gardens and for groceries.
for leisure and for cultural and sport activities.

Sport facilities
Casino

A theatre A school
THE PROJECT FAILS
• After the death of Arturo Soria, C.M.U. went through a
period of economical crisis. Due to this, the original idea
was changed.
• As time passed, the price of the ground increased and
building became very expensive.
 CITY TODAY
The demographic boom of
Madrid, the rise of prices and
the proximity of the linear city
to the city centre put an end to
the project.

Today the only remains of the

linear city are the central line of
the main street and some
middle-class houses.

The linear city ,built in thr northesat of Madrid

ADVANTAGES &
DISADVANTAGES
Advantages Disadvantages
•Very sensitive to blockage
• High accessibility
requires control of growth
• adaptability to linear growth •lacks focus,
•The choice of connection or of
• useful along the limited edge.
direction of movement are much
less.
NAVI MUMBAI – INDIAN LINEAR CITY

Navi Mumbai is a planned

township of Mumbai off the west coast
of the Indian state

of Maharashtra in Konkan division.

The city is divided into two parts, North

Navi Mumbai and South Navi Mumbai,

for the individual development of Panvel
Mega City,

Navi Mumbai has a population of

1,119,477[1] as per the 2011 provisional

NAVI MUMBAI – INDIAN LINEAR CITY

The growth of Mumbai city is constrained by sea at south, east and west. As a
result total land area available for development of Mumbai is limited.

The cost of real estate and housing in Navi Mumbai is much less than costs in
Mumbai and sub-urban areas.

Many government and corporate offices have been shifted from Mumbai to Navi
Mumbai .

The Taloja and Thane Belapur Industrial Belt of Navi Mumbai offer job
opportunities of every conceivable kind - from engineers to mechanics to clerks
to peons.

As a result a large population of service class and middle class population
NAVI MUMBAI
 CONCLUSIONS – APPRECIATIONS &
HONORING

Main street of Madrid holds his

name.

A statue of Soria is placed there.

Many more cities are being on

verge of planning on this concept
with better understandings of
various loopholes in it & carrying
positive points out of it.
THANKYOU…