SITE CLEARANCE &

DEMOLITION
CONSTRUCTION
TECHNOLOGY OF SITE
CLEARANCE AND
DEMOLITION
SITE CLEARANCE PROCEDURES

1. Reinstatement
The work should be reinstated in accordance
with the specification and the contract
documents.
All damage done as consequence of the
works is to be reinstated to the satisfaction of
the Engineer and third parties involve.
2. Contaminated Areas
Where ground is contaminated with
unwanted materials this is to be removed
from the site to an approved tip and
replaced with uncontaminated materials.
3. Disconnection of Services
The site representative must notify the
statutory undertakers when the services to
the site are no longer required.
The site representative will be responsible
for taking final meter reading and including
these on the MRS sheets and provide the
information to the contract manager for the
completion of contract completion form-
BAR/OPS/F/024.
4. Removal of Fencing
Before removing any fencing it must
established if the fence may be removed or
whether it is required to be left in place
until the end of the maintenance period.
Upon removing it, all post holes etc. must
be filled with specified materials and all the
fencing removed off site.
5. Removal of Advance Warning
Upon finally leaving site, all advance
warning signs must be removed from site
together with contract sign board etc.
6. Roads and Footpaths
Prior to leaving site all roads and footpaths
shall be checked for cleanliness and fitness
for use by the public and where possible
photographs taken
MACHINERIES

 Dumper truck
 Cutting machine
 Excavator
 Backhoe
 Backpusher tractor
 Bulldozer
SITE PREPARATION
1. Removing Hedges
cutting down hedges and grubbing up their
roots, which shall be deemed to include their
disposal, shall be given in metres stating the nature
and height of each hedge or its location.
2. Clearing Undergrowth
site clearance undergrowth, bushes, scrub, and the
like and grubbing up their roots which shall be
deemed to include their disposal, shall be given in
square metres.
3. Removing Trees
cutting down trees and grubbing up their roots,
which shall be deemed to include their disposal,
shall be enumerated and classified in stages of
300mm girth ( measured at height of 1.00 above
ground ).

4. Tree Stumps
Removing existing tree stumps and grubbing up
their roots which shall be deemed to include their
disposal, shall be enumerated and classified in
stages of 300mm girth (measured at height of
1.00m above ground or at their tops if lower in
height).
5. Lifting Turf
Lifting turf which is required to be
preserved shall be given in square metres
stating the method of preservation and
disposal.
6. Topsoil
Excavating topsoil which is required to be
preserved shall be given in square metres
stating the average depth.
MEANING OF DEMOLITION

 Demolition is the dismantling of a building or structure, or

part of a building or structure and includes refurbishment
or destruction. Demolition is high-risk construction
activity and therefore must be planned and controlled
according to the regulatory requirements.
METHOD OF DEMOLITION
 Hydraulic excavators may be used to topple one- or two-
story buildings by an undermining process. The strategy
is to undermine the building while controlling the manner
and direction in which it falls. The demolition project
manager/supervisor will determine where undermining is
necessary so that a building is pulled in the desired
manner and direction. The walls are typically
undermined at a building's base, but this is not always
the case if the building design dictates otherwise.
 Safety and cleanup considerations are also taken into
account in determining how the building is undermined
and ultimately demolished.
METHOD OF DEMOLITION
(CONT’D)
 Hoe rams are typically used for removing the concrete
road deck and piers during bridge demolition, while
hydraulic shears are used to remove the
bridge's structural steel.
 In some cases a crane with a wrecking ball is used to
demolish the structure down to a certain manageable
height. At that point undermining takes place as
described above. However crane mounted demolition
balls are rarely used within demolition due to the
uncontrollable nature of the swinging ball and the safety
implications associated.
METHOD OF DEMOLITION
(CONT’D)
 High reach demolition excavators are more often used
for tall buildings where explosive demolition is not
appropriate or possible. Excavators with shear
attachments are typically used to dismantle steel
structural elements.
 Hydraulic hammers are often used for concrete
structures and concrete processing attachments are
used to crush concrete to a manageable size, and to
remove reinforcing steel.
 To control dust, fire hoses are used to maintain a wet
demolition. Hoses may be held by workers, secured in
fixed location, or attached to lifts to gain elevation.
METHOD OF DEMOLITION
(CONT’D)
 Loaders or bulldozers may also be used to demolish a
building. They are typically equipped with "rakes" (thick
pieces of steel that could be an I-beam or tube) that are
used to ram building walls. Skid loaders and loaders will
also be used to take materials out and sort steel.
HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH
DEMOLITION
 The instability of the structure
 Poor or excessive loading on floors
 Loading against walls
 Unprotected openings
 Glass fragmentation
 Adverse weather conditions
 Obstructed site access
 Access within structures
 The discontinuation of services such as electricity
 The presence of asbestos
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH
DEMOLITION WORK
 Some possible injuries and health effects include:
 Crush injuries, fractures and contusions caused by falling
objects or debris
 Fractures, sprains and strains as a result of a fall from
height
 Injures resulting from the use of explosives
 Asbestos related disease
STEPS OF DEMOLITION
 Advise utility providers about the demolition and request
that all services be turned off, including water. If
electricity and water are needed for demolishing the
building they should be moved to another location until
the job is completed.

 Survey the premises for anything considered hazardous,

flammable or potentially explosive and safely remove it
from the site. If asbestos is found, follow proper disposal
procedures. Clear the structure of any debris.

 Assemble the necessary safety equipment, including

respirators, face masks, safety goggles and ear plugs.
STEPS OF DEMOLITION (CONT’D)
 Set up a make-shift emergency area that is equipped to
handle minor injuries. Personnel certified in first aid
training or a member of the American Red Cross should
be stationed on site, along with a first aid kit.

 Establish a fire plan that includes procedures for exiting

the building in case of an emergency.

 Clear all access ways, especially those leading to fire

hydrants.

 Notify the public when the building will be demolished

and ensure their safety by setting up barricades around
the site.

 Demolish the Building

STEPS OF DEMOLITION (CONT’D)
 Remove any non-load-bearing walls and soften the
supporting columns. Place the explosives within the
columns.

 Use dynamite to blast concrete and a stronger material

for steel. Control the way the building falls by where the
explosives are placed. Load them throughout the
structure and set them so that each section topples into
the building's center.

 Use a blasting cap (connect a minute amount of

explosive material to a fuse) to set off the explosives.
Generally, the fuse is a long cord that contains the
explosive. Lighting one of the ends causes the material
to burn at an even speed until the flame reaches the
detonator and ignites the principal charge.
STEPS OF DEMOLITION (CONT’D)
 Perform a test detonation to ensure the proper amounts
of explosives are being used.

 Clear the building and the immediate area and be sure

observers are out of harm's way.

 Set off the explosives by holding down the "Charge"

button until the detonator control machine is charged.
Hold down the "Fire" button to distribute the charge and
touch off the blasting caps.

 Assess the scene and verify that all of the explosives

ignited. Safely dispose of any that did not.

 Begin cleanup.
MEASUREMENT RULES,
METHOD AND
DESCRIPTION FOR SITE
CLEARANCE AND
DEMOLITION
MEASUREMENT COVERED UNDER OTHER
CLASSES :
 Stripping of top soil – include in Class F
(Earthwork)
 Scarifying of road surfaces – include in Class Q
(Road & Pavement)
 Dismantling of rail tracks – include in Class S
(Rail Track)
DEFINITION RULES
D1 - Site Clearance

 Include general clearance

 Removal of all articles (objects & obstruction)
which are expressly required to be cleared.
 Except those for which separate items are given as
set out in this class
 Also include the levelling of obsolute
dikes,terraces,distches, etc.
COVERAGE RULES
 C1 - Site clearance shall be deemed to
include disposal of the materials arising.
ADDITIONAL DESCRIPTION RULES

 A1 – item description for work from which the

material arising remain the property of
the employer shall be so stated as well as
the handing over and location of storage.
- where the so stated materials are to be
salvaged by the contractor, a separate bill
for the credit of the employer shall be so
describe.
 Second
Division
First
Division Unit
2
Above
Ground

1
General ha
Clearance 3 Water
Bodies
SECOND DIVISION – 1 ABOVE GROUND

Measurement Rules

M1 area measured for general clearance shall

be the plan area

M2 where measurement for trees are

expressly required. It shall be measured
under item for trees
Definition Rules

D2 General clearance above ground shall

consist of the cutting and/or taking
down, removal and disposal of everything
above ground level, including objects
overhanging the areas to be cleared
Coverage Rules

C2 items for general clearance above ground

shall be deemed to include the removal
of trees and stumps ( unless otherwise
stated in the item description),
undergrowth, shrubs,roots and the like.
Additional Description Rules

A2 item description for general clearance

above ground shall state the type of
vegetation such as primary
forest,bushes,oil palm estate, etc
SECOND DIVISION – 2 WATER BODIES
Definition Rules

D3 Water bodies shall consist of ,but not

limited to, rivers, lakes and sea, (unless
expressly required)
D4 site clearance using plant and equipment
with the aid of floating mechanism shall be
classed as general clearance at water
bodies
Coverage Rules

C3 General clearance at water bodies shall

consist of the removal and disposal of
items in or at the water bodies, including
objects either floating, submerged or at
the bed of the water bodies.
Additional Rules

A3 Item description for general clearance at

water bodies shall state the type of items
and whether the object is floating,
submerged or at the bed of the water
bodies.
 Second
Division

Trees of girth:

First
2
0.5 – 1.0 m Unit
Division
3
Trees of girth:
1.0 – 2.0 m

4 Trees of girth: nr
1 Trees 2.0 – 5.0 m

5 Trees of girth:
exceeding 5.0 m
SECOND DIVISION – TREES OF GIRTH

1 Trees of girth : 0.5 – 1.0 m

2 Trees of girth : 1.0 – 2.0 m
3 Trees of gitrh : 2.0 – 5.0 m
4 Trees of girth : exceeding 5.0 m
Measurement Rules
M3 Girth of trees shall be measured 1m above
ground level

Coverage Rules
C4 items for felling of trees shall be deemed to
include the uprooting and removal of stumps

Additional Description Rules

A4 where holes left by stump removal are to be
backfilled,item description for general
clearance and trees shall state the nature of
the backfilling material.
HOW TO CREATE THE CODE ? (CLASS E110.A2)

Item :
1. Class

2. First division

3. Second division

4. Third division

5. Additional description rules (otherwise stated

in in the item description)
DEFINITION RULES DEMOLITION

D1 : The Demolition and removal of all articles,

object, and obstruction which are expressly
required to be cleared, except those for
which separate items are given as set out in
this class
COVERAGE RULES

C1 : Item for Demolition shall be deemed to

include disposal of the material arrising
MEASUREMENT RULES, METHOD AND
DESCRIPTION UNIT
a. Sum
2ND DIVISON
a. Concrete DEFINITION RULES
b. Brickwork & a. D5 : Method of
BUILDINGS demolition of
Mansonry
c. Timber building shall be
d. Metel ADD DESCRIPTION accordance with
e. No RULES MS 2318:2010:
predominant a. A5 : Item desc for Code of Practice
material Building shall state for Demolition of
the number of Building
stories and b. D6 : the material
principle use in the
3rd DIVISION classification of
a. Individual dimensions.
b. A6 : Item desc for building shall be
Building the predominant
b. Grup of Building building shall state
special method og material
demolition where
required
 3rd DIVISION
2ND DIVISON a. Above Ground
a. Concrete b. Below Ground
b. Brickwork &
ADD DESCRIPTION
Mansonry
RULES
c. Timber
STRUCTURE a. A5 : Item desc for
d. Metel
Structure shall state
e. No
the number of
predominan
stories and principle
t material
DEFINITION RULES dimensions.
a. D6 : the material b. A6 : Item desc for
use in the Structure shall state
UNIT classification of special method og
a. Sum structure shall demolition where
be the required
predominant
material
 MEASUREMENT RULES
UNIT a. M4 : Pipelines within
2ND DIVISON a. Metre buildings and other
a. Nominal Bore structures shall be
: exceeding measured separately
300mm only where their
PIPELINES nominal bore exceed
300mm

COVERAGE RULES DEFINITION RULES

a. C5 : Item for a. D7 : Water means,
demolition of sewers, ducts and
pipelines shall be other utility services
deemed to incl shall be classed as
demolition and pipelines
removal of b. D8 : Pipelines shall
supports incl pipes laid below
and above ground
SPECIFICATION OF SITE
CLEARANCE AND
DEMOLITION
SPEC OF SITE CLEARANCE

 This Section of the Specification covers the

Specification for the site clearing, general
earthworks to platform level, temporary and
permanent site drainage, sewerage piping,
water reticulation, elevated water tanks, roads
turfing and all other related and associated
works
 SCOPE OF WORKS

 The work to be constructed, completed and maintained under this Contract

are as follow:

 i. Clearing to areas within the site as shown on the Drawings and as

described in this specification or as directed by the Superintending
Officer.

 ii. Removal, store and re-spread of topsoil including Earthworks to

general site grading, to platform and road levels shown in the
Drawings.

 iii. Any other works specified in the Bills of Quantities and as shown in
Drawings and described in specification or or as directed by the
Superintending Officer.
WORKS TO BE COMPLETED

 This Specification has been drawn up with all

possible care and is intended to cover the
supply of all materials and the execution of all
works necessary to complete the Works.
 Compliance with Specification

 The Contractor shall note that the Specification herein

contained shall be complied with and adhered to strictly.

Workmanship And Materials

 All workmanship and materials used in the performance

of work under this Contract shall be the best of their
respective kinds available and to the approval of the
Superintending Officer.
 Associated Works/Other Contracts On Site

 The Contractor shall note that other

contractors and Government Agencies may
be carrying out earthworks, water pipes,
sewers and cable laying, construction of
drainage structures and buildings and
other work within and adjacent to the Site
during the currency of this Contract.
SECTION 2 - SITE CLEARING AND
EROSION CONTROL
 SITE CLEARING

 Prior to starting earthworks in any area

all necessary clearing and disposal of
vegetation shall have been performed by
the Contractor, Erosion control
structures as described in item 3.3 and
where indicated on the drawings shall
be constructed before the
commencement of vegetation clearing
in the relevant drainage catchments.
 GENERAL

 The Contractor shall grub up and remove

all trees, roots and shrubs, demolish, break
up and remove fences, sheds and
superficial obstruction and clear the Site of
the works at such times and to extent
required by the Superintending Officer but
not otherwise. All rubbish and materials so
obtained shall be destroyed, burnt or
removed from site to the approval of the
Superintending Officer.
CON’T
 Grubbing Up Roots
 Removal of Fences, Sheds and Other
Obstructions
 Damage to Adjacent Properties
 Materials and Equipment
 Existing Facilities
 Debris
OUTDOOR BURNING
 Burning of organic debris (trees, brush,
grass and other dry vegetable matter) is
permitted only with the strict
compliance to
all the following conditions, where
applicable:

a. Outdoor burning shall comply with all

requirements of applicable Malaysian
regulations
b. Outdoor burning requires prior
approval of the Superintending Officer
CON’T
c.Heavy oils, asphaltic materials, items containing
natural or synthetic rubber, or any
materials which may produced an unreasonable
amount of smoke shall not be burned

d . The initial burning may be commenced after

0900hr. Material that will not be completely
consumed before 1700hr. shall not be added to
the fire
e.Burning within an area shall be
staggered so that total atmosphere
loads of smoke are reduced

f.Contractor shall obtain, at his own

expense, any permits required and shall
comply with provisions of such permits
and/or local ordinances and codes
STRIPPING TOPSOIL
Extent of Stripping

 Unless otherwise directed by the Superintending Officer

all topsoil shall be removed from the area within
cuttings and embankments and benches

Definition

 Topsoil shall be regarded as soil which on visual

examination can be said to have been broken down by
agriculture cultivation
 Depth

 Topsoil shall be removed to an average depth of

100mm (12 inches). However, the topsoil
shall be removed as directed by the
Superintending Officer and depend on
soil investigation results
 Storage and Usage

 The Contractor shall make his own

arrangements for temporary storage sites for
heaps of topsoil either inside or outside the site
of the Works to suit his convenience.
 Suitable soil free from roots shall be used in
areas specified and as shown on drawings to
the required level.

 All unsuitable soil comprising roots, etc. shall

be excavated and disposed of in tips to be
provided by the Contractor
 CQ 502 CESMM 10/15/2019

EROSION CONTROL STRUCTURES

 Sediment Basins
 Temporary Gravel Outlet Structure

 Temporary Interceptor Drain

 Temporary Level Spreader

62
SPECFICATION

GENERAL
 The intent of these application is to provide
for the demolition and removal, as specified,
of building(s) in a manner satisfactory to the
Department of Inspectional service of the city
and in accordance with requirements as
stated in general laws for one city.
REQUIREMENTS
 The contractor shall include in the bid the
price of demolition and removal of this
structure, back filling of foundation hole
&rough grading and tamping of backfill to
prevent erosion or surface on this cleared lot,
removing trash, rubbish and debris, leaving
lot clean and leveled to uniform grade.
 Demolition and removal of building(s) shall
be as required by the State Building Code
with special attention given to chapter and
section stated it. No demolition work shall
A. The contractor is required to have a licensed
professional remove and legally dispose of oil
tanks, boilers, water tanks, etc..,if any are
located on the property. The contractor shall
view the property and investigate for such
elements prior to submitting a bid.
B. Demolition should proceed in a systematic
manner, from top to bottom. Complete
demolition work above each floor or tier before
disturbing supporting members on lower
levels.
C. Concrete shall be demolished I small sections.
D. Locate demolition equipment throughout
E. Demolish foundation walls and other below
grade construction, including concrete slabs, to
a depth of not less than four(4’) feet below
existing grade.
F. Concrete walls and floors can be used as
backfill when demolished and compacted in a
manner that no cavities are present. Please
ensure that the area to be filled is free of
standing water, frost, frozen materials, trash,
and debris.
G. Properly dispose of debris away from site in
approved disposal areas.
 HAZARDOUS MATERIAL
 DCAM CERTIFICATES
 ABILITY AND EXPERIENCE OF BIDDER
 PERMITS
 HISTORIC BUILDINGS DELAY ORDINACE
 SANITARY AND DRAINAGE CONNECTIONS AND
ALL OTHER UTILITIES
 DEMOLITION DISPOSAL AND FEES
 RODENT CONTROL
 NOTIFICATION OF ADJACENT PROPERTIES
PICTURE OF SITE CLEARANCE
PICTURE OF DEMOLITION
THANK YOU…