Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
cholesterol
recognition
enzyme
protein
cytoskeleton
cytosol (fluid inside cell)
tails
(hydrophobic)
head
(hydrophilic)
interstitial fluid
(watery environment)
phospholipid
hydrophilic
head
hydrophobic
tails
bilayer
hydrophilic
head
cytosol
(watery environment)
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
5.1 How Is the Structure of the Cell Membrane
Related to Its Function?
The fluid phospholipid bilayer helps to isolate the
cell’s contents (continued)
– The phospholipid bilayer’s flexible, fluid membrane
allows for cellular shape changes
– Individual phospholipid molecules are not bonded to
one another
– Some of the phospholipids have unsaturated fatty
acids, whose double bonds introduce “kinks” into their
“tails”
– The above features make the membrane fluid
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure E5-1 Tail kinks in phospholipids increase membrane fluidity
(interstitial fluid)
A messenger molecule
messenger binds to the receptor protein
molecule
receptor
protein
Messenger molecule
binding activates the
receptor protein, The activated receptor
changing its shape protein stimulates a
response in the cell
(cytosol)
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
5.1 How Is the Structure of the Cell Membrane
Related to Its Function?
A variety of proteins form a mosaic within the
membrane (continued)
– Connection proteins anchor cell membranes in
various ways
– Maintain cell shape by linking the plasma membrane to
the cell’s cytoskeleton
– Link the cytoskeleton inside the cell with the
extracellular matrix outside, anchoring the cell in place
within a tissue
– Form connections between adjacent cells
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
5.1 How Is the Structure of the Cell Membrane
Related to Its Function?
A variety of proteins form a mosaic within the
membrane (continued)
– Transport proteins regulate the movement of
hydrophilic molecules through the plasma membrane
– Channel proteins are pores that can be opened or
closed to allow specific substances to pass across the
membrane
– Carrier proteins bind substances and carry them
through the membrane, sometimes using cellular
energy