GOOD JOB!

•• Japan
Japan––YOKU
YOKUDEKIMASHITA!
DEKIMASHITA!

••Korea
Korea––JAL
JAL --HAE
HAE––SSEO
SSEO––YO!
YO!

•• China
China––HEN
HENHAO!
HAO!
INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC OF JAPAN
• Traditional Japanese music is basically
MEDITATIVE in character.
• Its performance is highly ritualized.
• Japanese chamber and solo music have
a slow meditative pace.
• The performance is traditionally of a
spiritual character: martial arts, tea
ceremony and calligraphy
• Religious festival
• work
•Dance
•Love
•Regional songs
 JAPANESE MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
• 1. ODAIKO
(big drum). The
physical energy and
sheer excitement of an
Odaiko performance is
an integral part of
many Japanese matsuri
(festivals).
 2. Tsuzumi (hourglass-shape)
• There are two varieties,
the smaller kotsuzumi
and the larger otsuzumi.
They are used in both noh
and kabuki performances.
The kotsuzumi is held on
the right shoulder and the
player alters the tone by
squeezing the laces. The
otsuzumi is placed on the
left thigh. Like all other
traditional arts in Japan,
there are several schools
of tsuzumimatsuri
3. Tsuridaiko – a large hanging
barrel drum
 4. Taiko
• is a Japanese drum
that comes in various
sizes and is used to
play a variety of
musical genres. It has
become particularly
popular in recent
years as the central
instrument of
percussion ensembles
whose repertory is
based on a variety of
folk and festival music
of the past.
 String Instruments
(Chordophone)
• 1. Koto - is a 13-string
zither, about two meters
long and made of
Paulownia wood. It is
plucked using picks on
the thumb and first two
fingers of the right hand,
while the left hand can
be used to modify pitch
and tone. Koto is used in
an ensemble in gagaku
or as a solo instrument.
• 2. Shamisen- is a
plucked stringed
instrument. Its
construction follows a
model similar to that of
a guitar or a banjo,
employing a neck, and
strings stretched across
a resonating body. The
neck of the shamisen is
fretless, and is slimmer
than that of a guitar or
a banjo.
• 3. Biwa - is a
Japanese short-
necked fretted lute,
often used in
narrative
storytelling. The
biwa is the chosen
instrument of
Benten, the
goddess of music,
eloquence, poetry,
and education in
Japanese Shinto.
 Wind Instruments (Aerophone)
• 1. Shakuhachi- the
most famous flute
made from bamboo. It
has 4 or 5 finger holes
on the front face and a
thumbhole on the rear
face. As with other
instruments above, it
was imported from
China for gagaku.
• 2. Nokan - a
parallel, bamboo
flute (fue) is the
only melodic
instrument used
in noh. The
melody of the
flute has no
specific pitch
relationship with
the melody of
the chanting.
• 3. Hichiriki - is a
double reed
Japanese fue
(flute) used as one
of two main
melodic
instruments in
Japanese gagaku
music, the other
being the ryūteki.
• 4. Sho - is a
Japanese free
reed musical
instrument
that was
introduced
from China
during the
Nara period.
• 5. Shinobue –
also called takebue
in the context of
Japanese traditional
arts) is a Japanese
transverse flute or
fue that has a high-
pitched sound.
• 6.Ryūteki -
literally "dragon
flute" is a
Japanese
transverse fue
made of
bamboo. It is
used in gagaku.
 INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC OF CHINA
• Chinese Musical Instruments

1.Yueqin - Moon-
shaped lute with
shorter neck and four
strings, played with a
spectrum, used for
accompanying local
operas.
• 2. Pipa - Four-
stringed lute with
30 frets and a
pear-shaped
body.This
instrument has an
extremely wide
dynamic range
and remarkable
expressive power.
• 3. Erhu - Two-
stringed fiddle and
one of the most
popular Chinese
instruments. It is
used as a solo
instrument as well
as in small
ensembles or large
orchestra, and by
various ethnic
groups.
• 4. Yunluo - Literally
"cloud gongs" or
"cloud of gongs", the
yunluo is a set of ten
small tuned gongs
mounted in a wooden
frame. The yunluo's
gongs are generally of
equal diameter but
different thickness.
The thicker gongs
produce a higher
pitch.
• 5. Sheng - Sheng, or
Chinese mouth organ, looks
like a set of panpipes, with
12 to 36 bamboo pipes.
Each pipe is of different
length with a brass reed at
the bottom and a hole that
must be blocked in order
for the note to sound. This
makes it possible to sound
several notes
simultaneously, so chords
and melody can be
performed at the same
time. Sheng is one of the
oldest Chinese musical
instruments.
• 6. Dizi - Dizi is the
traditional Chinese
flute. It can have a
membrane over an
extra hole to give the
characteristic rattle
effect. The player
plays the Dizi by
blowing across the
mouthpiece and
produces the different
notes by stopping the
six holes found in the
rod.
• 7. Zheng - An
ancient Chinese
instrument that
has an arched
surface and an
elongated-
trapezoid with 13
to 21 strings
stretched over
individual bridges.
Its playing range
spans three to four
octaves.
• 8. Pengling -These are
two small bells made of
high-tin bronze, without
internal clappers, and
hemispheric or
bottomless gourd-like in
shape. The instrument
has a delicate, clarion and
melodious tone. It is a
coloring rhythmic
instrument, either in
ensembles or in theater
music, bringing an effect
of peaceful dreams.
 INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC OF KOREA
• 1. Kayagum
(gayageum) - is a
traditional Korean
zither-like string
instrument, with 12
strings, although more
recently variants have
been constructed with
21 or more numbers of
strings. It is probably the
best-known traditional
Korean musical
instrument.
• 2.Geomungo - Six-
string plucked zither is a
traditional Korean
stringed musical
instrument of the zither
family of instruments
with both bridges and
frets. Scholars believe
that the name refers to
Goguryeo and translates
to "Goguryeo zither" or
that it refers to the color
that translates to "black
crane zither".
• 3. Haegum
(two-string
vertical fiddle) –
It has a rod-like
neck, a hollow
wooden
soundbox, two
silk strings, and
is held vertically
on the knee of
the performer
and played with
a bow.
• 4. Piri - used in
both the folk and
classical (court)
music of Korea.
It is made of
bamboo. Its
large reed and
cylindrical bore
gives it a sound
mellower than
that of many
other types of
oboe.
• 5. Changgo - is the
most widely used drum
used in the traditional
music of Korea. It is
available in most kinds,
and consists of an
hourglass-shaped body
with two heads made
from animal skin. The
two heads produce
sounds of different pitch
and timbre, which when
played together are
believed to represent the
harmony of man and
woman.
 Activity : Compare and Classify
• From the video clips that
you have seen , identify the
country of origin of each
instruments and classify
each using the Hornbostel-
Sachs Classification.