UNIT 4.

INTERNATIONAL
LEGAL
ORGANIZATIONS
B y : G u z m á n A y a la V a n e s sa , G u z m á n A y ala A b e l, P a d illa S e g o v ia n o R o c ío , R e n d ó n d e l a
L i m a D a n i e l a, T o r re s R a m í re z M a r i o, V i l la lo bos V i l l al obo s A m é rica .
BASIC CONCEPTS ABOUT THE INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

An international organization has been defined "as a fórum of co-operation of sovereign

states based on multilateral international organizations and comprising of a relatively
stable range of participants, the fundamental feauture of wich is the existence of
permanent organs with definite competences and Powers acting for the carrying out of
common aims.
•The international organizations are characterized, by supporters and critics alike, as
arrangements for cooperation among states.
•The characteristics of each international organization they arise from agreements or
treaties between different conuntries, which créate an organization framed within
international public law.
 ANALYSIS ABOUT THE HUMAN RIGHTS TREATIES

•The human rights play an important role in achieving sustainable development as theri
realisation contributes to social and political stability and capacity for innovation.
Improving human rights is both an aim of development and a means of achieving it.
•Accountability for human rights is formalised in the United Nations sistema and in traty
law and national law.
DESCRIPTION AND BASICS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF
JUSTICE

•The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. It was
established in June 1945 by the Charter of the United Nations and began work in April 1946.
•The seat of the Court is ar the Peace Palace in The Hague (Netherlands).
•The Court's role is to settle, in accordance with international law, legal disputes
submitted to it by States and to give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it
by authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies.
•The Court is composed of 15 judges, who are elected for terms of office of nine years
by the United Nations General Assembly an the Security Council. Its oficial languages
are English and French.
 EXAMPLES OF ISSUES AND CONTROVERSIES EXPOSED IN THE
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

•Costa Rica and Nicaragua turned to International Court of Justice on several reasons to
resolve their conflicts. Currently, two cases are open.
•One of them, started in December 2011, Nicaragua sue to Costa Rica for a violation of
Nicaraguan sovereignty and serious environmental damage to its territory.
•According to Nicaragua, Costa Rica is carrying out major Works along the border
between the two countries with serious ecological consequences. But Costa Rica
commenced a trial against Nicaragua in November 2010 for supposedly incursión,
ocupation and use of the territory of Costa Rica, by the Nicaraguan army.
•The sentence attend to the claims of Costa Rica, recognised the right of Costa Rica
citizens for the move along the river between different countries "with the purpouse of
covering their daily basic needs".
 UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE
AND LAW (UNCITRAL)

Was established by the General Assembly in 1966. In stablishing the Commission, the
General Assembly recognized that disparities in national law governing international
trade created obstacles to the Flow of trade, and it regarded the Commission as the
vehicle by which the United Nations could play a more active role in reducing or
removing these obstacles.
•The United Nations Commission on International Trade and Law is the core legal body
of the United Nations sistema in the field of international trade law. A legal body with
universal membership specializing in commercial law reform worldwide for over 50
years, UNCITRAL's business is the modernization and harmonization of rules on
international business.
 WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION

It is located in Geneva, Switzerland.

Roberto Azevedo, Director of The WTO.
The WTO has over 160 countries.
Roles:
1.- It operates as a global system of trade rules.
2.- It acts as a fórum for negotiating trade adreements.
3.- It settles trade disputes between its member an it supports the need at
development countries.
4.- Monitoring National Trade Members Policies.
5.- Technical assistance and training for developing countries.
6.- Cooperation with other International Organization.
 REFERENCES.
• HTTP://WWW.SIFTERSNEWS.COM/11-THE-CONCEPT-OF-
INTERNATIONAL-ORGANIZATIONS.HTML
• HTTPS://WWW.ICJ-CIJ.ORG/EN/COURT
• HTTPS://UNCITRAL.UN.ORG/EN/ABOUT