NOTICIA HISTORICO NATURAL:

Missions of the Provinces

of Ilocos and Pangasinan
in General
By ANTONIO S. MOZO
Translated by Emma Helen Blair, et. al

Presentation Prepared by: SABAYAO,ANGELES,BUSANIA,GONSODEN,LAMSIS,LAYKO, SANDIWA

 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General
AUTHOR’S PROFILE:
Name: ANTONIO S. MOZO
Date of Birth: ---
Place of Birth: ---
Date of Death: ---
General Information:
• An Augustinian Missionary who joined the Augustinian
missions in the Northern Philippines during the first half
of the 18th century.
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General
ABOUT THE READING?
 An excerpt from Mozo’s work entitled
“Noticia historico natural” (Pub.1763 in
Madrid)
 Written records about the natives of
Northern Luzon during the Spanish era.
 Augustinian missionaries were able to describe
the customs of the natives whom they
encountered in the northern Philippines.
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General
ABOUT THE READING?
 Missions of the Provinces in general
 Four very noted tribes:

IGOLOT TINGGUIAN APAYAO ADANG

 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General
A. IGOLOT/
IGORROT
 Territory occupies
30 leguas
**leguas= League
 Great degree of
cruelty and are
barbarous
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

A. IGOLOT/IGOROT
 Caste of Chinese who had come over
with pirate Limahon to conquer those
islands; and being conquered, he escaped
with those whom he could gather, those
who could taking refuge in these
mountains, in which they have multiplied
exceedingly.
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

A. IGOLOT/IGORROT
 Limahon
- A.K.A Limahong,
Lim Ah Hong, Lin Tao
Kien
- A Chinese pirate
who invaded the
northern islands of the
Philippines and tried to
seize the City of Manila
from the Spanish in 1574
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

A. IGOLOT/IGORROT
 Their fierceness and cruelty is
unequated, their only desire is to take
captives
Other natives are harassed by the
Igolots
Continued until past year of 1775
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

A group of Igolot An image of an Igolot

natives warrior
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

B.TINGGUIAN
(‘tee-ng-yan’)
 Malaysian word
Tinggi/Tingue,
meaning
mountains/elevated
place and
mountaineers
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

B.TINGGUIAN
 At present times, they’re
known as the Itneg tribe
which occupies the most
part of ABRA province.
 Extends about 40 leguas
along the same mountains
even trenching upon the
Ilocos province.
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

B. TINGGUIAN
 More tractable, gentle, industrious
Maintain a much more civilized conditions
for they have much intercourse with the
Christians in whose vicinity they live
 More open to teachings of the religious
 156 natives were converted to Christianity in
two years
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

C. APAYAO
Extending about 30
leguas which consist
of many thousands of
souls
 In a great degree,
they surpasses the
Igolot cruelty,
bloodthirstiness, and
barbarism
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

C. APAYAO
 They can place a thousand ambushes in the
roads.
 Do not spare any person not matter of what
rank or condition he may be.
 FUNERALS AND OBSEQUIES
-They do not celebrate the funerals and
obsequies of their dead but only those of their
chiefs and other person they pay respect.
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

C. APAYAO
 They believe that the shades (manes) of
the deceased take delight in human blood
hence, they endeavor to give them (dead
chief and respectable persons) this
pleasure by killing people (greater or less
number).
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

C. APAYAO
 In order achieve this, they have to
capture men or people as soon as the
dying man ceased to breath
 They moved down the mountains well-
armed with considerable number of men
then hide in the bush waiting for passer-by
as their target.
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

C. APAYAO
 As soon as there targets came, they attack
them with javelins, cut their heads, and bring
them to the dead.
 They celebrate their sort of banquet which
they eat and drink like beast then they
complete the burial.
 They place some portion of food and drink
in the tomb.
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

C. APAYAO
 They bury with the corpse with those
heads and these satisfied the shades of
their dead. This signifies that whatever
they may undertake will have a prosperous
issue
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General
RESULTS OF MISSIONARY WORK AMONG
THE APAYAO TRIBE IN THE EARLY DAYS
 1660 - Don Diego de Salcedo was the governor of
the island
- 2 religious entered the territory of the Igorrots
and established a small military post with a church
dedicated to archangel St. Michael in a place called
Cayam
-they only converted exceedingly small numbers of
native
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General
RESULTS OF MISSIONARY WORK AMONG
THESE 4 TRIBE IN THE EARLY DAYS

 Spanish soldiers become sick due to the climate

in the island
 They are threatened by the barbarians that they
will cut them into pieces
 Not having sufficient force to resist these,
these sadly caused the Fathers to move out from
the island.
 Missions of the Provinces of Ilocos and
Pangasinan in General

D. ADANG
 Find themselves less
powerful
 They dwell in
inaccessible places
 Maintain their
dialect
 CHAPTER 4: THE MISSIONS OF
ILOCOS, IN ESPECIAL
 Missionaries involved
a. Fray Joseph Herice “Hunter of Souls”
b. Fray Jacinto Rivera
c. Fray Nicolas Fabro
d. Fray Manuel Madariaga
The first mission was established in 1720
 They formed a village (Adang tribe & Apayaos)
CHAPTER 4: THE MISSIONS OF ILOCOS,
IN ESPECIAL
 CHAPTER 5: THE MISSIONS TO THE
TINGGUIANS
Father Fabro formed a village of converts which he
called “San Juan”
-He was eventually crippled by exposure and
hardship
-Father Madriaga came to his aid despite bad health
Madriaga formed a village in Dingras he called
“Santiago”
Father Juan Solorzano was also sent to this mission-
he was the most zealous and useful
-Unfortunately, he contacted a fever which ended his
life four days later.
 CHAPTER 6: THE MISSIONS TO THE
IGOLOT TRIBE IN ESPECIAL
 These BARBARIANS WOULD NOT ALLOW
the missionaries to settle in their country but some
were converted through the labors of outside
missionaries.
 Barbarous custom: BURIAL PRACTICES
a. not giving burial until they consumed what
the dead had left in gluttony
b. make enormous bonfire about the corpse
c. dancing around the corpse
 CHAPTER 6: THE MISSIONS TO THE
IGOLOT TRIBE IN ESPECIAL
d. corpse’s head
is resting on his knees
e.10, 15, or 20
days of wake
f. They inter
with the deceased with
some golds and foods
as his provision in his
journey in the after life
 CHAPTER 6: THE MISSIONS TO THE
IGOLOT TRIBE IN ESPECIAL
 1747 – Augustinian Fray Francisco Cordova was
sent to Agoo (frontier of the Igolots)
 The mission is unfruitful labor until the seventh
year where miraculous change occurred during
the visitation of Fray Manuel Carrilo who was
accompanied by Mozo
 THE MIRACULOUS CHANGE
-5 chiefs came down and asked Carrilo to send
missionaries
 CHAPTER 6: THE MISSIONS TO THE
IGOLOT TRIBE IN ESPECIAL
 These chiefs were instructed in faith and
baptized in Manila
 Cordova was made superior of the NEW
MISSION with Fray Francisco Romero and Fray
Pedro Vivar as his assistants
- built 2 churches
- convert hundreds of people
Fray Carlos de Horta, Fray Joseph Torres, and Fray
Juan Sanchez- missionaries in other Igolot villages